Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 21
Filtrar
1.
Cureus ; 16(7): e65801, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39219920

RESUMO

Amyand's hernia is defined as the presence of the appendix within an inguinal hernia sac, which is often associated with appendicitis. The association of an Amyand's hernia with an appendicular tumor has been reported in very few cases. This case report presents a 67-year-old female patient who came to the emergency department with symptoms indicative of a complicated inguinal hernia. Following surgical treatment, the diagnosis of Amyand's hernia with cecal perforation associated with an appendicular tumor was established in the context of a previous laparoscopic femoral hernia repair. The combination of these conditions has not been previously reported. The presentation of this case provides data on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare pathology that requires a high clinical suspicion to achieve a preoperative diagnosis.

2.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 59(12): 813-820, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37839949

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax/PEmax) reference equations obtained in healthy people are needed to correctly interpret respiratory muscle strength. Currently, no clear cut-off points defining respiratory muscle weakness are available. We aimed to establish sex-specific reference equations for PImax/PEmax in a large sample of healthy adults and to objectively determine cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness. METHODS: A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted across 14 Spanish centres. Healthy non-smoking volunteers aged 18-80 years stratified by sex and age were recruited. PImax/PEmax were assessed using uniform methodology according to international standards. Multiple linear regressions were used to obtain reference equations. Cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness were established by using T-scores. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 610 subjects (314 females; 48 [standard deviation, SD: 17] years). Reference equations for PImax/PEmax included body mass index and a squared term of the age as independent variables for both sexes (p<0.01). Cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness based on T-scores ≥2.5 SD below the peak mean value achieved at a young age were: 62 and 83cmH2O for PImax and 81 and 109cmH2O for PEmax in females and males, respectively. CONCLUSION: These reference values, based on the largest dataset collected in a European population to date using uniform methodology, help identify cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness in females and males. These data will help to better identify the presence of respiratory muscle weakness and to determine indications for interventions to improve respiratory muscle function.


Assuntos
Pressões Respiratórias Máximas , Insuficiência Respiratória , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Músculos Respiratórios/fisiologia
3.
Rev. sanid. mil ; 77(2): e02, abr.-jun. 2023. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515523

RESUMO

Resumen Caso 1: Femenino de cuatro años de edad con absceso cervical izquierdo recurrente por fístula del seno piriforme izquierdo tratada finalmente con electrocoagulación endoscópica sin recidivas en más de siete meses. Caso 2: Masculino de seis años de edad con absceso cervical izquierdo recurrente por fístula del seno piriforme izquierdo tratado con electrocoagulación endoscópica sin recidivas en más de 6 meses. Discusión: Las fistulas del seno piriforme son poco comunes, resueltas en forma quirúrgica con amplias disecciones cervicales y en ocasiones con hemitiroidectomías. No suelen sospecharse sino hasta la recurrencia del cuadro. Aunque no todos los abscesos cervicales son por fístulas del seno piriforme, recomendamos descartarla en casos de recidiva sobre todo en el lado izquierdo del cuello; acompañando el drenaje con exploración endoscópica. De confirmarse el diagnóstico se ofrece tratamiento por electrocoagulación en la misma intervención con mejores resultados al evitar los riesgos que implica la resección extensa del tratamiento convencional. En nuestros casos usamos endoscopía flexible y electrocoagulación con resultados superiores en relación con el tratamiento quirúrgico convencional. Limitaciones: Solo se trata de dos casos, pero corresponden a una entidad poco frecuente. Valor: Se muestra como alternativa el tratamiento endoscópico con electrocoagulación con mejores resultados en relación con el manejo tradicional para los casos de fístula del seno piriforme en niños.


Abstract Case 1: A 4-year-old female with a recurrent left cervical abscess due to a left piriform sinus fistula finally treated with endoscopic electrocoagulation without recurrences for more than 7 months. Case 2: 6-year-old male with recurrent left cervical abscess due to left piriform sinus fistula treated with endoscopic electrocoagulation without recurrences for more than 6 months. Discussion: Piriform sinus fistulas are rare and are surgically corrected with extensive cervical dissections and occasionally hemithyroidectomies. They are not usually noticed as such until the recurrence. Although not all cervical abscesses are due to piriform sinus fistulas, we recommend ruling out in cases of recurrence, especially on the left side of the neck, accompanying by drainage with endoscopic exploration. If the suspicion is confirmed, electrocoagulation treatment is offered in the same intervention with better results by avoiding the risks involved in an extensive resection with conventional treatment. In our cases we use flexible endoscopy and electrocoagulation with better results compared to conventional surgical treatment. Limitations: These are only two cases, but they are rare. Value: Endoscopic treatment with electrocoagulation is shown as an alternative with better results in relation to traditional management for cases of piriform sinus fistula in children.

4.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 37(4): 597-603, 20220906. fig, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1396379

RESUMO

Introducción. La frecuencia de complicaciones postquirúrgicas de la colecistectomía realizada en la noche es un tema de controversia, siendo que se ha reportado una frecuencia mayor durante el horario nocturno. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la presentación de colecistectomía difícil dependiendo de la hora en que se realizó la cirugía, además de otras complicaciones, estancia intrahospitalaria postquirúrgica, reingreso a 30 días y reintervención. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional, analítico y transversal, comparando la presentación de colecistectomía difícil y su frecuencia en horario diurno (8:00 am a 7:59 pm) y nocturno (8:00 pm a 7:59 am), además de seroma, absceso, hematoma, fuga biliar, biloma, estancia intrahospitalaria postquirúrgica, reingreso a 30 días y reintervención. Resultados. Se incluyeron en el estudio 228 pacientes, 117 operados durante el día (52 %) y 111 durante la noche (48 %). La colecistectomía difícil se presentó 26 % vs 34 % de los casos intervenidos en el día y la noche, respectivamente. La complicación más frecuente fue seroma (14 %). La estancia hospitalaria media fue de 2,7 días en cirugías diurnas y de 2,5 en cirugías nocturnas; hubo 3 % de reintervenciones y 6 %, respectivamente. También hubo 2 % de reingresos a los 30 días entre los pacientes operados en el día y 3 % entre los operados en la noche. Conclusiones. La frecuencia de colecistectomía difícil y las complicaciones, la estancia intrahospitalaria postquirúrgica, el reingreso a 30 días y la necesidad de reintervención, no tuvieron diferencias significativas respecto al horario de la cirugía.


Introduction. The frequency of post-surgical complications of cholecystectomy performed overnight is a matter of controversy, and a higher rate has been reported during the night shift. The objective of this study was to analyze the presentation of difficult cholecystectomy depending on the time the surgery was performed, in addition to other complications, postoperative hospital stay, 30-day readmission, and reintervention. Methods. A retrospective, observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out, comparing the presentation of difficult cholecystectomy and its frequency during daytime (8:00 am to 7:59 pm) and at night (8:00 pm to 7:59 am), in addition of seroma, abscess, bile leak, biloma, hematoma, post-surgical hospital stay, 30-day readmission, and reintervention.Results. A total of 228 patients were included in the study, 117 patients operated during the day (52%), and 111 at night (48%). Difficult cholecystectomy occurred in 26% vs. 34% of the cases operated on during the day and at night, respectively. The most frequent complication was seroma (14%). The mean hospital stay was 2.7 days in day surgeries and 2.5 in night surgeries; there were also 2% readmission at 30 days among patients operated during the day and 3% among those operated on at night. Conclusions. The frequency of difficult cholecystectomy and complications, postoperative hospital stay, 30-day readmission, and the need of reintervention, did not have significant differences with respect to the time of surgery.


Assuntos
Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica , Admissão e Escalonamento de Pessoal , Conversão para Cirurgia Aberta , Complicações Intraoperatórias
6.
J Hematol Oncol ; 14(1): 102, 2021 06 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34193217

RESUMO

T-cell receptor (TCR)-based adoptive therapy employs genetically modified lymphocytes that are directed against specific tumor markers. This therapeutic modality requires a structured and integrated process that involves patient screening (e.g., for HLA-A*02:01 and specific tumor targets), leukapheresis, generation of transduced TCR product, lymphodepletion, and infusion of the TCR-based adoptive therapy. In this review, we summarize the current technology and early clinical development of TCR-based therapy in patients with solid tumors. The challenges of TCR-based therapy include those associated with TCR product manufacturing, patient selection, and preparation with lymphodepletion. Overcoming these challenges, and those posed by the immunosuppressive microenvironment, as well as developing next-generation strategies is essential to improving the efficacy and safety of TCR-based therapies. Optimization of technology to generate TCR product, treatment administration, and patient monitoring for adverse events is needed. The implementation of novel TCR strategies will require expansion of the TCR approach to patients with HLA haplotypes beyond HLA-A*02:01 and the discovery of novel tumor markers that are expressed in more patients and tumor types. Ongoing clinical trials will determine the ultimate role of TCR-based therapy in patients with solid tumors.


Assuntos
Imunoterapia Adotiva/métodos , Neoplasias/terapia , Animais , Humanos , Neoplasias/imunologia , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Microambiente Tumoral
7.
Cir Cir ; 88(Suppl 2): 21-23, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33284271

RESUMO

Las neoplasias del apéndice son un grupo heterogéneo de tumores con una incidencia baja, la presentación clínica es inespecífica, cursando generalmente de forma asintomática, y la tomografía es el estudio de elección para el diagnóstico. El tratamiento dependerá del tipo histológico del tumor.The appendix neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of tumors with a low incidence, the clinical presentation is nonspecific, usually being asymptomatic, tomography is the study of choice for the diagnosis. Treatment will depend on the histological type of the tumor.


Assuntos
Apêndice , Neoplasias , Apêndice/diagnóstico por imagem , Apêndice/cirurgia , Hospitais , Humanos , Incidência
8.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 63(4): 49-59, jul.-ago. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155415

RESUMO

RESUMEN El panorama que se presenta en la actualidad es un reto sin precedentes para el manejo de los pacientes quirúrgicos, la toma de decisiones y el empleo de recursos en cuanto a material y equipos de protección en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Por lo que el presente artículo pretende dar a conocer los lineamientos para el correcto actuar en el quirófano, el uso del equipo de protección individual, las indicaciones de cirugía y el mejor abordaje en el marco de esta situación. El principal objetivo de seguir estas recomendaciones es mitigar el riesgo de contagio y educar al personal de salud médico-quirúrgico para que esté preparado para hacer frente a esta pandemia.


ABSTRACT The current landscape represents an unprecedented challenge in managing surgical patients, decision-making and the use of resources such as protective equipment in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the objective of this article is to provide guidelines for good conduct in the operating room, the use of personal protective equipment, suggestions for surgeries and the best approach in the context of this situation. The main objective of these recommendations is to mitigate the risk of contagion and to educate medical-surgical health personnel in how to deal with this pandemic.

9.
Ecol Evol ; 8(16): 7849-7864, 2018 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30250668

RESUMO

Climate oscillations have left a significant impact on the patterns of genetic diversity observed in numerous taxa. In this study, we examine the effect of Quaternary climate instability on population genetic variability of a bumble bee pollinator species, Bombus huntii in western North America. Pleistocene and contemporary B. huntii habitat suitability (HS) was estimated with an environmental niche model (ENM) by associating 1,035 locality records with 10 bioclimatic variables. To estimate genetic variability, we genotyped 380 individuals from 33 localities at 13 microsatellite loci. Bayesian inference was used to examine population structure with and without a priori specification of geographic locality. We compared isolation by distance (IBD) and isolation by resistance (IBR) models to examine population differentiation within and among the Bayesian inferred genetic clusters. Furthermore, we tested for the effect of environmental niche stability (ENS) on population genetic diversity with linear regression. As predicted, high-latitude B. huntii habitats exhibit low ENS when compared to low-latitude habitats. Two major genetic clusters of B. huntii inhabit western North America: (a) a north genetic cluster predominantly distributed north of 28°N and (b) a south genetic cluster distributed south of 28°N. In the south genetic cluser, both IBD and IBR models are significant. However, in the north genetic cluster, IBD is significant but not IBR. Furthermore, the IBR models suggest that low-latitude montane populations are surrounded by habitat with low HS, possibly limiting dispersal, and ultimately gene flow between populations. Finally, we detected high genetic diversity across populations in regions that have been climatically unstable since the last glacial maximum (LGM), and low genetic diversity across populations in regions that have been climatically stable since the LGM. Understanding how species have responded to climate change has the potential to inform management and conservation decisions of both ecological and economic concerns.

10.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(4): 256-261, ago. 2018. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-950040

RESUMO

Introducción: La ingestión de un cuerpo extraño (CE) es un accidente frecuente en el hogar en la edad pediátrica; su manejo oportuno por especialistas puede evitar complicaciones a corto y largo plazo. Objetivo: Describir características y complicaciones de los CE en el tubo digestivo en población pediátrica. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal, retrospectivo y prospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de ingestión de un CE desde enero de 1971 a diciembre de 2016. Se recabaron características generales de los pacientes, tipo de objeto, métodos de extracción y complicaciones. Se realizó análisis descriptivo. Resultados: Durante 45 años, se extrajeron 2637 CE localizados en faringe (n= 118), esófago (n= 2410), estómago (n= 103) e intestino (n= 6). Predominaron en el sexo masculino (50,9%); 74% fueron en menores de 5 años. El 57% llegó en las primeras 24 horas; sialorrea, disfagia y vómito fueron los principales síntomas y un 16% estaba asintomático. La radiografía permitió localizar el CE en el 93%; el más ingerido fue la moneda (78%); la localización más común fue el tercio superior del esófago (79%); el 86% se extrajo con endoscopio rígido y las complicaciones se presentaron en el 7,8% de los casos. Conclusiones: La ingestión de un CE predomina en menores de 5 años, y los metales son los más frecuentes. La radiografía simple es el estudio de elección, que permite realizar el diagnóstico y la extracción es por vía endoscópica con endoscopio rígido o flexible según la experiencia del endoscopista.


Introduction: Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common home accident during childhood; a timely management by the specialists may help prevent complications in the short and long term. Objective: To describe the characteristics and complications of FB ingestion located in the gastrointestinal tract in the pediatric population. Material and methods: Two phases, retrospective, and prospective study. Patients diagnosed with FB ingestion between January 1971 and December 2016 were included. The general characteristics of patients, FB type, removal method, and complications were registered. A descriptive analysis was performed. Results: Over 45 years, 2637 FBs were removed from the pharynx (n= 118), the esophagus (n= 2410), the stomach (n= 103), and the intestines (n= 6). Male patients predominated (50.9%); 74% were younger than 5 years. Besides, 57% arrived within the first 24 hours; ptyalism, dysphagia, and vomiting were the main symptoms; 16% of patients had no symptoms. It was possible to locate the FB using an X-ray in 93% of cases; the most common FBs were coins (78%); the most frequent location was the upper third of the esophagus (79%); 86% of FBs were removed using a rigid endoscope, and complications were observed in 7.8% of patients. Conclusions: FB ingestion predominated among children younger than 5 years; metal objects were the most common ones. A plain X-ray is the test of choice for diagnosis; removal is usually done with a rigid or flexible endoscope, depending on the endoscopist's experience.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Broncoscopia , Esofagoscopia , Corpos Estranhos/diagnóstico , Turquia/epidemiologia , Criança Hospitalizada , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Corpos Estranhos/terapia , Corpos Estranhos/epidemiologia
11.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 116(4): 256-261, 2018 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30016021

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common home accident during childhood; a timely management by the specialists may help prevent complications in the short and long term. OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics and complications of FB ingestion located in the gastrointestinal tract in the pediatric population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two phases, retrospective, and prospective study. Patients diagnosed with FB ingestion between January 1971 and December 2016 were included. The general characteristics of patients, FB type, removal method, and complications were registered. A descriptive analysis was performed. RESULTS: Over 45 years, 2637 FBs were removed from the pharynx (n= 118), the esophagus (n= 2410), the stomach (n= 103), and the intestines (n= 6). Male patients predominated (50.9%); 74% were younger than 5 years. Besides, 57% arrived within the first 24 hours; ptyalism, dysphagia, and vomiting were the main symptoms; 16% of patients had no symptoms. It was possible to locate the FB using an X-ray in 93% of cases; the most common FBs were coins (78%); the most frequent location was the upper third of the esophagus (79%); 86% of FBs were removed using a rigid endoscope, and complications were observed in 7.8% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: FB ingestion predominated among children younger than 5 years; metal objects were the most common ones. A plain X-ray is the test of choice for diagnosis; removal is usually done with a rigid or flexible endoscope, depending on the endoscopist's experience.


Introducción: La ingestión de un cuerpo extraño (CE) es un accidente frecuente en el hogar en la edad pediátrica; su manejo oportuno por especialistas puede evitar complicaciones a corto y largo plazo. Objetivo: Describir características y complicaciones de los CE en el tubo digestivo en población pediátrica. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal, retrospectivo y prospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de ingestión de un CE desde enero de 1971 a diciembre de 2016. Se recabaron características generales de los pacientes, tipo de objeto, métodos de extracción y complicaciones. Se realizó análisis descriptivo. Resultados: Durante 45 años, se extrajeron 2637 CE localizados en faringe (n= 118), esófago (n= 2410), estómago (n= 103) e intestino (n= 6). Predominaron en el sexo masculino (50,9%); 74% fueron en menores de 5 años. El 57% llegó en las primeras 24 horas; sialorrea, disfagia y vómito fueron los principales síntomas y un 16% estaba asintomático. La radiografía permitió localizar el CE en el 93%; el más ingerido fue la moneda (78%); la localización más común fue el tercio superior del esófago (79%); el 86% se extrajo con endoscopio rígido y las complicaciones se presentaron en el 7,8% de los casos. Conclusiones: La ingestión de un CE predomina en menores de 5 años, y los metales son los más frecuentes. La radiografía simple es el estudio de elección, que permite realizar el diagnóstico y la extracción es por vía endoscópica con endoscopio rígido o flexible según la experiencia del endoscopista.


Assuntos
Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Corpos Estranhos/complicações , Trato Gastrointestinal/patologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/instrumentação , Feminino , Corpos Estranhos/diagnóstico por imagem , Corpos Estranhos/terapia , Trato Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Radiografia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos
12.
BMC Public Health ; 14: 1244, 2014 Dec 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25471459

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Despite over a decade of research and programming, little evidence is available on effective strategies to reduce HIV risks among Central American men who have sex with men (MSM). The Pan-American Social Marketing Organization (PASMO) and partners are implementing a HIV Combination Prevention Program to provide key populations with an essential package of prevention interventions and services: 1) behavioral, including interpersonal communications, and online outreach; 2) biomedical services including HIV testing and counseling and screening for STIs; and 3) complementary support, including legal support and treatment for substance abuse. Two years into implementation, we evaluated this program's effectiveness for MSM by testing whether exposure to any or a combination of program components could reduce HIV risks. METHODS: PASMO surveyed MSM in 10 cities across Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama in 2012 using respondent-driven sampling. We used coarsened exact matching to create statistically equivalent groups of men exposed and non-exposed to the program, matching on education, measures of social interaction, and exposure to other HIV prevention programs. We estimated average treatment effects of each component and all combined to assess HIV testing and condom use outcomes, using multivariable logistic regression. We also linked survey data to routine service data to assess program coverage. RESULTS: Exposure to any program component was 32% in the study area (n = 3531). Only 2.8% of men received all components. Men exposed to both behavioral and biomedical components were more likely to use condoms and lubricant at last sex (AOR 3.05, 95% CI 1.08, 8.64), and those exposed to behavioral interventions were more likely to have tested for HIV in the past year (AOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.01, 3.10). CONCLUSIONS: PASMO's strategies to reach MSM with HIV prevention programming are still achieving low levels of population coverage, and few men are receiving the complete essential package. However, those reached are able to practice HIV prevention. Combination prevention is a promising approach in Central America, requiring expansion in coverage and intensity.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Homossexualidade Masculina/estatística & dados numéricos , Cooperação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevenção Primária/organização & administração , Sexo Seguro/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , América Central/epidemiologia , Preservativos/estatística & dados numéricos , Costa Rica/epidemiologia , El Salvador/epidemiologia , Guatemala/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento/estatística & dados numéricos , Nicarágua/epidemiologia , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Comportamento de Redução do Risco , Parceiros Sexuais/classificação , Inquéritos e Questionários
13.
Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol ; 60(1): 49-56, ene.-mar 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-516915

RESUMO

Objetivo: presentar una revisión de la epidemiología, manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico, estrategias de tratamiento, seguimiento y prevención de la sífilis gestacional. Materiales y métodos: con las palabras clave sífilis, sífilis en el embarazo, sífilis gestacional y embarazo, se llevó a cabo la revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos de Cochrane, PubMed/Medline, Scielo, Ovid, LILACS, así como en revistas médicas, textos y en la Secretaría Departamental de Salud del Cauca, con énfasis en la información disponible de los últimos cinco años. El resultado de esta búsqueda arrojó 72 referencias, de las cuales se seleccionaron 37 que permitían delinear mejor el panorama del diagnóstico y manejo de esta patología, teniendo en cuenta principalmente metanálisis, estudios aleatorizados, artículos de revisión, boletines, textos, protocolos y guías clínicas. Resultados: en el año 2003 se notificaron 110.000 recién nacidos con sífilis congénita en América Latina y el Caribe, hijos de 330.000 mujeres que no recibieron tratamiento durante el control prenatal. La detección de casos de sífilis gestacional y congénita se fundamenta en la búsqueda sistemática en todas las gestantes durante el control prenatal. El tratamiento de elección durante el embarazo es la penicilina. La identificación temprana y el tratamiento oportuno de la sífilis gestacional previenen complicaciones como muerte fetal o perinatal, bajo peso al nacer, enfermedad neonatal o infección latente, las cuales pueden producir secuelas tardías. Conclusión: existe dificultad para identificar precozmente a las mujeres infectadas y ofrecerles un tratamiento oportuno, lo cual ha aumentado la incidencia de la enfermedad, sin lograr erradicar la sífilis congénita, a pesar de que la penicilina sigue siendo el medicamento de elección. Deben fortalecerse las estrategias de un adecuado control prenatal que permitan alcanzar este objetivo.


Objective: this article presents a review of the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment strategies, monitoring and prevention of gestational syphilis. Materials and methods: Cochrane, Pubmed/ Medline, Scielo, Ovid, LILACS databases and medical journals and literature and the Cauca department’s Health Secretariat’s figures were searched using the following keywords: syphilis, syphilis in pregnancy, gestational syphilis and pregnancy, emphasising information made available during the last five years. 72 references were found; the 37 most relevant ones were chosen, mainly taking into account meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials, review articles, bulletins, texts, protocols and clinical guidelines. Results: 110,000 newborn suffering from congenital syphilis were reported in Latin-America and the Caribbean in 2003, being the children of 330,000 women who had not received treatment during their antenatal controls. Early identification and timely treatment of syphilis may prevent complications such as gestational or perinatal foetal death, low birth weight, neonatal disease or latent infection which may lead to late sequelae. Conclusion: great difficulty is found in trying to achieve early detection and offering accurate treatment to all infected women. This has meant that this disease’s incidente is still increasing and the goal of eradicating congenital syphilis has not been accomplished, even though penicillin is still the medication of choice. Strategies aimed at providing suitable antenatal control should be strengthened to ensure achieving this objective.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Gravidez , Sífilis
14.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 61(1): 29-34, feb. 2004. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-700712

RESUMO

Introducción. La esofagitis por herpes es una enfermedad que se presenta principalmente en pacientes inmunosuprimidos; hasta 1985 la mayoría de los casos se diagnosticaban durante las autopsias, lo que ha cambiado con el advenimiento de la endoscopia. Material y métodos. Se revisaron los expedientes de pacientes inmunosuprimidos a los que se les hizo endoscopia y biopsias de enero de 1992 a junio de 2002, se analizó: edad, sexo, sintomatología, lesiones orales, hallazgos endoscópicos e histológicos y enfermedad de base. Resultados. Se analizaron 137 casos, de los cuales 12 tuvieron esofagitis por virus del grupo herpes, 6 correspondieron al sexo femenino y 6 al masculino; la edad varió de 14 meses a 15 años. Cinco pacientes tenían leucemia, 5 tenían algún tumor sólido, 1 enfermedad de Kawasaki y 1 trasplante renal. Los síntomas principales fueron: disfagia y sialorrea. Diez enfermos tenían lesiones en la mucosa oral y la endoscopia mostró úlceras y placas blanquecinas. El estudio histológico en estos casos mostró cambios característicos de infección por herpes virus. Conclusión. Doce pacientes inmunosuprimidos con sintomatología esofágica tuvieron esofagitis por herpes virus. Los síntomas más constantes fueron disfagia y sialorrea. La endoscopia permite localizar las lesiones y mediante la toma de biopsias llegar al diagnóstico etiológico e indicar el manejo a seguir.


Introduction. Herpetic esophagitis is mainly observed in immunocompromised patients; before 1985 most cases were diagnosed at autopsy but this has changed with the introduction of endoscopy. Material and methods. Clinical charts of immunocompromised patients (n =137) in which an endoscopic procedure was practiced, from January 1992 to June 2002 were reviewed period; age, gender, symptoms, oral lesions, main disease, endoscopic histopathological findings, were reviewed. Results. Herpetic esophagitis was found in 12 of 137 cases, 6 were females; age varied from 14 months to 15 years; main disease was leukemia in 5 cases, a solid tumor in 5, Kawasaki's disease in 1, and renal transplant in 1. Main symptoms observed were dysphagia and syalorrhea; in 10 cases oral lesions were present. Esophageal ulceration and white plaques were observed in the endoscopic study and the characteristic changes of Herpes virus infection were observed in the histopathological study. Conclusion. We present 12 cases of herpetic esophagitis in immunocompromised children in whom syalorrhea and dysphagia were the main symptoms.

15.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 58(2): 107-113, feb. 2001. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-306663

RESUMO

Introducción. La fibromatosis hialina juvenil es un raro trastorno del tejido conectivo que se hereda en forma autosómica recesiva y que se caracteriza por la presencia de nódulos cutáneos múltiples, hipertrofia gingival, contracturas articulares y lesiones osteolíticas.Caso clínico. Niña de 8 años de edad, con manifestaciones clínicas de tumores cutáneos múltiples, contracturas articulares e hipertrofia gingival. Sin antecedentes de consanguinidad, ni de padecimiento similar en otros miembros de la familia. Desde los 2 meses de vida la paciente presentó rigidez articular y presencia de gránulos en región perianal, siendo intervenida quirúrgicamente en más de 4 ocasiones de resección de tumores subcutáneos en varias partes del cuerpo. En los cortes realizados de estas tumoraciones se observó composición por tejido denso homogéneo de aspecto hialino, fibrosado y formando bandas irregulares. Histológicamente con extensas zonas de colágena amorfa, acidófilas, dentro de las cuales se observaban algunos cordones de fibroblastos.Conclusión. La sospecha de este padecimiento debe hacerse desde las primeras semanas de vida, con el objetivo de establecer un diagnóstico oportuno y brindar la asesoría genética en forma temprana.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Fibromatose Agressiva , Doenças do Tecido Conjuntivo , Hipertrofia Gengival
16.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-193632

RESUMO

El fenómeno conocido como MAREA ROJA es causado por dinoflagelados del género GONYAULAX. Estos sintetizan toxinas que se aculmulan en moluscos bivalvos (mejillones y pepitonas) que al ser ingeridos por los humanos pueden causarle parálisis y la muerte.


Assuntos
Animais , Molusco Contagioso , Saxitoxina , Frutos do Mar/toxicidade , Dinoflagellida
17.
Rev. méd. domin ; 56(1): 22-4, ene.-abr. 1995. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-170200

RESUMO

Este estudio prospectivo se realizó con el objetivo de establecer la eficacia de la terapia física en una población de pacientes con parálisisi facial periférica, que asistieron a un centro privado de Azua, República Dominicana, durante el año 1993. Nuestra población la constituyó 42 pacientes afectados de parálisis facial periférica, de los cuales 6 pacientes no obtuvieron seguimiento por abandono del tratamiento. En este estudio los grupos de edades 1-15; 16-30 y 31-45 años resultaron los más afectados (71.40//). La hipertensión arterial (26.18//), la diabetes (16.66//), proceso gripal (11.90//), resultaron ser los antecedentes patológicos más frecuentes. El café (30.95//) resultó ser el hábito tóxico más frecuente; la parálisis facial periférica izquierda (59.52//) resultó más frecuente. Las terapias físicas con masajes (100//), ejercicios mímicos (100//), infarrojos (97.61//) fueron las más aplicadas; El 83.33//tuvieron una recuperación parcial a los 15 días de terapia física, 63.88//se recuperaron totalmente a los 30 días. El 94.43//de estos pacientes se recuperaron totalmente y el 5.55//la recuperación no fue posible porque hubo lesión cerebral o traumatismo de cara. En este estudio además de la terapia física se utilizó complejo-B, cianocobalamina, analgésico, lágrimas naturales, como medicamentos de soporte, resultados obtenidos en otras investigaciones demuestran los beneficios de la terapia física en la parálisis facial periférica en combinación con estos medicamentos. Terapia física, parálisis facial periférica, neurología


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medicina Física e Reabilitação , Paralisia Facial/reabilitação , Paralisia Facial/terapia , Estudos Prospectivos
20.
Rev. cuba. oncol ; 5(3): 221-6, sept.-dic. 1989. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-85357

RESUMO

Se exponen los resultados obtenidos en 9 pacientes operados de cáncer del tercio medio del esófago en el Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente "Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima" de Cienfuegos, 6 pacientes correspondieron al sexo masculino y 3 al femenino. Como proceder quirúrgico se realizó esofagectomía por vía torácica derecha y laparotomía media con transposición del estómago intratorácico. Se señala el valor de la posición oblicua del paciente en la mesa de operaciones con rotación torácica de 45 grados, así como el valor de la piloroplastia y la yeyunostomía. Se analiza la supervivencia de los pacientes


Assuntos
Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Neoplasias Esofágicas/cirurgia , Esofagostomia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA