Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma/tumor: 2 cases of a rare tumor of difficult clinical and pathological diagnosis.

The follicular dendritic cell sarcoma/tumor is a neoplasic proliferation of fusiform and ovoid cells with characteristic morphology and immunohistochemical pattern. The sarcoma/tumor term is designated due to the variability of the cytological status and, in many cases, its indeterminate clinical course. This report presents the 2 first cases seen at the Hospital General de México, OD (General Hospital of Mexico). The aim of this study is to contribute to the morphology and immunophenotype of this infrequent neoplasm, as well as discuss its differential diagnosis and clinical evolution.

Diseases associated with HIV infection: study of biopsies and surgical resection specimens at a large general hospital in Mexico City.

The objective of this study was to analyze the type of diseases associated with HIV infection from a survey of the surgical pathology material accessioned at a large general hospital in Mexico City. From the archives of the pathology unit of the General Hospital of Mexico (Ministry of Health), we compiled data on biopsies and surgical specimen from different organs and tissues of HIV-infected patients (HIV/AIDS) received in the period from January 2005 to July 2008. We found a total of 52 cases, 41 men and 11 women. The main affected anatomical organ was the lymphatic nodes in 33 cases (63.4%), 7 corresponded to the digestive tract (13.46), 3 corresponded to bone marrow (5.76%), 3 corresponded to the perianal region (5.76%), 2 cases corresponded to the hard palate (3.84%), and 1 case each corresponded to the following regions: peritoneum, breast, and lung. The most frequent diagnoses were non-Hodgkin's large B-cell lymphoma in 11 cases (21.12%) and its morphological variants, 8 reactive lymphadenopathy cases (15.38%), 5 atypical mycobacterioses (9.61%), 2 nonspecific granulomatous lesions (3.84%), 2 Burkitt's lymphoma (3.84%), 3 Kaposi sarcoma (5.76%), 1 mixed cellularity Hodgkin's lymphoma (1.92%), 1 Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (1.92%), and 1 with infection by cytomegalovirus + cryptosporidiosis in the duodenum (1.92%). In this series, the most affected organ in patients with HIV/AIDS was the lymphatic nodes. The most common neoplasm was the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma followed by Kaposi sarcoma. Mycobacterioses were the main infectious diseases, followed by mycotic and viral infections.

Primary lymphomas of the breast: a report on 5 cases studied in a period of 5 years at the Hospital General de México.

Breast lymphomas can be primary or secondary. Among the primary lymphomas, the most common histologic types are the large B-cell diffuse lymphomas and the extranodal B mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue lymphomas. We studied 5 cases of primary breast lymphoma in female patients. The criteria for the diagnosis were based on the proposal of Wiseman and Liao: (1) in the biopsy or surgical specimen, the lymphoma involves the breast parenchyma, and (2) nonsystemic disease at diagnosis. Clinical data, histologic findings, immunohistochemical reactions, treatment, and clinical follow-up were reviewed. The 5 patients were young women with average age of 27 years; the youngest was 20 years old, and the oldest was 44 years old. The right breast was the most affected, and 1 patient was HIV positive. The most common symptoms were the presence of nodes, progressive increase of volume, collateral venous network, and hemorrhagic discharge from the nipple. The clinical course was of 1 to 14 months before diagnosis. Three patients died because of central nervous system infiltration, one is still alive, and the other was lost during follow-up. Histologically, all primary breast lymphomas were large B-cell lymphomas; one had focal starry sky pattern, and the other 3 were centroblastic. All were positive to CD20 and CD79(a), 3 expressed bcl2, and 2 expressed bcl6. The proliferation index was between 60% and 80%. Primary breast lymphomas are rare. The average age of our patients was 27 years, and their clinical course was aggressive with central nervous system infiltration. The most common histologic type was the large B-cell diffuse lymphoma. Differential diagnosis must be established in the presence of poorly differentiated lobules and ductal carcinoma.

Mediastinal pleomorphic liposarcoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Progress in radiology and pathology for diagnosing mediastinal tumors has R been made in recent decades, thanks to the use of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) guided by computed tomography, which has replaced mediastinoscopy and open biopsies. CASE: A 66-year-old male had a history o productive coughing with mucopurulent expectoration, progressive dyspnea, arthralgias, myalgias, astenia and adynamia for the previous 3 months. A CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a poorly limited tumor mass ofheterogeneous den sity in the anterior mediastinum. FNAB of the tumor mass showed malignant cells compatible with liposarcoma. CONCLUSLON: Of the several types of mesenchymal mediastinal neoplasms, liposarcoma is the most important. Many of them are seen in adults, and <10 cases have been diagnosed in children. The symptoms are related to compression of the nearby airways. Usually liposarcomas are yellow, lobed tumors without capsules that infiltrate adjacent organs and tissues. Microscopically, they have the same histologic spectrum as tumors originating in other sites. Thus, it is common to observe all the histologic varieties of soft tissue liposarcomas. The identification of lipoblasts is the key to the correct diagnosis in FNAB material.

Mielolipoma de la glándula suprarrenal sintomático. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Suprarenal symptomatic mielolipoma. clinical case and literature review

El mielolipoma de la glándula suprarrenal es un tumor raro, benigno, endocrinológicamente inactivo, cuya estructura histológica consiste de tejido adiposo maduro con focos de células hematopoyéticas. La mayoría de los casos reportados son pequeños y asintomáticos, descubiertos en forma incidental. Presentamos el caso de un paciente del sexo femenino cuyo diagnóstico fue establecido clínicamente al presentar sintomatología dolorosa y corroborado con estudios de imagen. Se presenta el manejo quirúrgico y la evolución postoperatoria. Se efectúa una revisión de las características clínicas de estos tumores, así como su perfil por imagen y opciones de tratamiento.

Carcinoma adenoideo quístico de glándula mamaria diagnosticado mediante biopsia con aguja fina / Cysto-adenoid carcinoma of breast diagnosed by means of a fine needle biopsy

El carcinoma adenoideo quístico es un tumor poco frecuente que representa menos del 1 por ciento de los carcinomas de la glándula mamaria, tiene mejor pronóstico en comparación con los tumores del mismo tipo histológico que se presentan en glándulas salivales, lagrimales y en otros sitios. Su morfología es idéntica en todas esta glándulas. Se informa el caso de un carcinoma adenoideo quístico, cuyo diagnóstico se efectuó mediante biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina y se corroboró por cortes histológicos de la pieza quirúrgica