Treatment of Gingival Recession and Root Coverage Outcomes Using Fascia Lata Allograft: A Case Report with Two Years of Follow-Up.

Mucogingival surgery is a procedure for the treatment of gingival recession, which is a shift of marginal gingival tissue to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), exposing the surface of the root teeth. One treatment for gingival recession is the Langer and Langer bilaminar technique, which involves the use of the fascia lata (FL) membrane. This membrane is harvested from the aponeurosis of the external muscles. The purpose of this case report was to present the clinical results of a 2-year follow-up using the Langer and Langer bilaminar technique modified with FL in a patient with gingival recession. Recessions are a shift of marginal gingival tissue to the CEJ, which exposes the surface of the root teeth. At the 2-year follow-up, the patient presented with a gingival recession in tooth 41, which resulted in complete root coverage, reaching 83.3%; the amount of keratinized tissue increased to 3 mm in each tooth, changing the gingival biotype from thin to thick and scalloped. This case report supports the use of FL as a successful alternative treatment.

Identification of a de novo PUF60 variant associated with craniofacial microsomia.

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM), also known as the oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum, is a congenital disorder characterized by hypoplasia of the mandible and external ear due to tissue malformations originating from the first and second branchial arches. However, distinguishing it from other syndromes of branchial arch abnormalities is difficult, and causal variants remain unidentified in many cases. In this report, we performed an exome sequencing analysis of a Brazilian family with CFM. The proband was a 12-month-old boy with clinical findings consistent with the diagnostic criteria for CFM, including unilateral mandibular hypoplasia, microtia, and external auditory canal abnormalities. A heterozygous de novo nonsense variant (c.713C>G, p.S238*) in PUF60 was identified, which was predicted to be pathogenic in silico. PUF60 has been reported as a causal gene in Verheij syndrome, but not in CFM. Although the boy showed craniofacial abnormalities and developmental delay that overlapped with Verheij syndrome, the facial asymmetry with unilateral hypoplasia of the mandible observed in this case did not match the previously reported phenotypes of PUF60 variants. Our findings expand the phenotypic range of PUF60 variants that cover CFM and Verheij syndrome.

CD300f immune receptor contributes to healthy aging by regulating inflammaging, metabolism, and cognitive decline.

Emerging evidence suggests that immune receptors may participate in many aging-related processes such as energy metabolism, inflammation, and cognitive decline. CD300f, a TREM2-like lipid-sensing immune receptor, is an exceptional receptor as it integrates activating and inhibitory cell-signaling pathways that modulate inflammation, efferocytosis, and microglial metabolic fitness. We hypothesize that CD300f can regulate systemic aging-related processes and ultimately healthy lifespan. We closely followed several cohorts of two strains of CD300f-/- and WT mice of both sexes for 30 months and observed an important reduction in lifespan and healthspan in knockout mice. This was associated with systemic inflammaging, increased cognitive decline, reduced brain glucose uptake observed by 18FDG PET scans, enrichment in microglial aging/neurodegeneration phenotypes, proteostasis alterations, senescence, increased frailty, and sex-dependent systemic metabolic changes. Moreover, the absence of CD300f altered macrophage immunometabolic phenotype. Taken together, we provide strong evidence suggesting that myeloid cell CD300f immune receptor contributes to healthy aging.

Microglial CD300f immune receptor contributes to the maintenance of neuron viability in vitro and after a penetrating brain injury.

Emerging evidences suggest that immune receptors participate in diverse microglial and macrophage functions by regulating their immunometabolism, inflammatory phenotype and phagocytosis. CD300f, a TREM2-like lipid sensing immune receptor, that integrates activating and inhibitory cell-signalling pathways, modulates inflammation, efferocytosis and microglial metabolic fitness. In particular, CD300f overexpression was described to be neuroprotective after an acute brain injury, suggesting a role for this immune receptor in neurotrophic interactions. Thus, we hypothesised that CD300f modulates neuronal survival through neuron-microglial interactions. In order to study its biological function, we used in vitro and in vivo approaches, CD300f-/- animals and rCD300f-Fc, a fusion protein that interrupts the endogen interaction between CD300f receptor-ligands. In hippocampal cocultures containing neurons and mixed glia, we observed that rCD300f-Fc, but not control IgGs induced neuronal death. In accordance, in vivo studies performed by injecting rCD300f-Fc or control IgGs into rat or WT or CD300 KO mice neocortex, showed an increased lesioned area after a penetrating brain injury. Interestingly, this neuronal death was dependent on glia, and the neurotoxic mechanism did not involve the increase of proinflammatory cytokines, the participation of NMDA receptors or ATP release. However, exogenous addition of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) prevented this process. Taken together, our results suggest that CD300f modulates neuronal survival in vitro and after a penetrating brain injury in vivo and that CD300f inhibition alters microglial phenotype generating a neurotoxic microenvironment.

Chemical QuantArray: A Quantitative Tool for Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a powerful analytical technique that provides spatially preserved detection and quantification of analytes in tissue specimens. However, clinical translation still requires improved throughput, precision, and accuracy. To accomplish this, we created "Chemical QuantArray", a gelatin tissue microarray (TMA) mold filled with serial dilutions of isotopically labeled endogenous metabolite standards. The mold is then cryo-sectioned onto a tissue homogenate to produce calibration curves. To improve precision and accuracy, we automatically remove pixels outside of each TMA well and investigated several intensity normalizations, including the utilization of a second stable isotope internal standard (IS). Chemical QuantArray enables the quantification of several endogenous metabolites over a wide dynamic range and significantly improve over current approaches. The technique reduces the space needed on the MALDI slides for calibration standards by approximately 80%. Furthermore, removal of empty pixels and normalization to an internal standard or matrix peak provided precision (<20% RSD) and accuracy (<20% DEV). Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of Chemical QuantArray by quantifying multiple purine metabolites in 14 clinical tumor specimens using a single MALDI slide. Chemical QuantArray improves the analytical characteristics and practical feasibility of MALDI-MSI metabolite quantification in clinical and translational applications.

The Protective Role of Cranberries and Blueberries in Oral Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Oral cancer has a high prevalence worldwide, and this disease is caused by genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. The main risk factors associated with oral cancer are smoking and alcohol. RESULTS: There are various strategies to reduce risk factors, including prevention programs as well as the consumption of an adequate diet that includes phytochemical compounds derived from cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon A.) and blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.); these compounds exhibit antitumor properties. RESULTS: The main outcome of this review is as follows: the properties of phytochemicals derived from cranberries were evaluated for protection against risk factors associated with oral cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The secondary metabolites of cranberries promote biological effects that provide protection against smoking and alcoholism. An alternative for the prevention of oral cancer can be the consumption of these cranberries and blueberries.

ANÁLISIS FILOGENÉTICO Y VARIABILIDAD MOLECULAR DEL Potato virus X (PVX) EN CULTIVOS DE PAPA DE ANTIOQUIA / Phylogenetic Analysis and Molecular Variability of Potato virus X (PVX) in Potato Crops of Antioquia

En este estudio se determinaron las relaciones filogenéticas y los niveles de variación de aislamientos de PVX obtenidos en tejidos foliares de plantas de Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena var. Diacol-Capiro y S. phureja var. Criolla Colombia en Antioquia, utilizando métodos de secuenciación de nueva generación (NGS) y de Sanger. Inicialmente, se detectó el PVX mediante DAS-ELISA (Agdia-PSA10000), confirmándose su presencia en ocho de las muestras por Inmunocaptura-RT-PCR en tiempo real (IC-RT-qPCR). Los resultados de las pruebas serológicas indicaron la infección de PVX en 14,7 % y 13,3 % de las muestras de Diacol-Capiro y Criolla Colombia, respectivamente. Su identidad fue confirmada por IC-RT-qPCR, con valores de ciclo umbral (Ct) de 15,04 a 27,59 y dos temperaturas de fusión (Tm) (Tm1 = 80,3 °C ± 0,5 y Tm2 = 83,3 °C ± 0,5), encontrándose así dos variantes de PVX en Antioquia. Utilizando NGS se detectó el PVX en bajos niveles de infección en las muestras de Criolla Colombia, siendo posible obtener contigs parciales para todos los ORFs del genoma viral. Con NGS no se detectó el virus en las muestras de Diacol-Capiro evaluadas. Los análisis filogenéticos realizados con base en secuencias de cápside y replicasa viral separaron los aislamientos de PVX de Antioquia en dos grupos, relacionados con el clado Eurasiático (I) de este virus. Los altos niveles de infección de PVX detectados en los cultivos de papa de Antioquia y la ocurrencia de al menos dos variantes, enfatizan en la necesidad de fortalecer los programas de certificación de tubérculos-semilla de papa, como principal herramienta para el control de este virus.

In this study, the phylogenetic relationships and molecular variability of PVX isolates from leaf samples of Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena var. Diacol-Capiro and S. phureja var. Criolla Colombia in Antioquia were analyzed. Sequences were obtained using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of bulk samples and Sanger sequencing. DAS-ELISA (Agdia-PSA10000) revealed infection levels of 14.7 % and 13.3 % leaf samples of Diacol-Capiro and Criolla Colombia, respectively. The presence of PVX was further confirmed by IC-RT-qPCR in eight samples, which resulted in Ct values in the 15.04-27.59 range and two melting temperatures (Tm1 = 80.3 °C ± 0.5 and Tm2 = 83.3 °C ± 0.5). These results suggest the presence of at least two PVX variants in Antioquia. Using NGS, PVX was detected at low levels in leaf samples of Criolla Colombia, which resulted in contigs for most ORFs of the viral genome; NGS did not detect PVX in Diacol-Capiro samples. Phylogenetic analysis using capsid and replicase sequences separated PVX isolates into two groups within the Eurasian class (I). The high levels of PVX infection detected in potato crops in Antioquia and the presence of at least two variants highlight the need to strenghten current tuber seed certification programs aimed at controlling the spread of this virus.

Detección serológica y molecular del Potato virus X (PVX) en tubérculos-semilla de papa (Solanum tuberosum L. y Solanum phureja Juz. & Bukasov) en Antioquia, Colombia / Serological and molecular detection of Potato virus X (PVX) in seed potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L. and Solanum phureja Juz. & Bukasov) from Antioquia, Colombia

El Potato virus X (PVX) es uno de los virus más limitantes del cultivo de la papa en el mundo. Es transmitido solamente por contacto y por tubérculo-semilla. Su control se fundamenta en la siembra de tubérculos certificados por su sanidad viral y en la disponibilidad de metodologías de diagnóstico altamente sensibles. En este trabajo se evaluó la prevalencia del PVX en cuatro diferentes tejidos de tubérculos de Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena var. Diacol-Capiro y S. phureja var. Criolla Colombia utilizando pruebas de DAS-ELISA para 128 submuestras y de RT-qPCR para 32 grupos de submuestras (4 submuestras/grupo). Los resultados de las pruebas serológicas indicaron la presencia de PVX en el 6,25 y 50% de las submuestras analizadas para la variedad Diacol-Capiro y Criolla Colombia, respectivamente; mientras que los niveles de prevalencia del PVX utilizando la detección por RT-qPCR fueron del 93,75%, independientemente de la variedad de papa y del tejido evaluado. Los valores promedio del ciclo umbral (Ct) en las RT-qPCR fueron de 25,6 (Ct=18,02 a 34,49) y el análisis de las curvas de desnaturalización permitió identificar dos variantes del virus con valores de Tm de 79,5±1°C y 83,7±1°C. La secuenciación de los amplicones obtenidos por RT-qPCR para los controles positivos y para dos de las muestras, confirmó su naturaleza viral. Estos resultados señalan unos muy altos niveles de prevalencia de PVX en el material de siembra de papa en Antioquia y la necesidad de fortalecer los programas de certificación de semilla con pruebas de detección como RT-qPCR.

Potato virus X (PVX) is one of the most important virus affecting potato crops worldwide. The virus is only transmitted mechanically and through tuber-seeds. Control of PVX is based on the usage of certified tubers, which in turn depends on the availability of sensitive diagnostic tests that allow its direct detection on seeds. In this work, the prevalence of PVX in four different tuber tissues of Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena var. Diacol-Capiro and S. phureja var. Criolla was evaluated using DAS-ELISA (128 subsamples) and RT-qPCR (4 subsamples per group). DAS-ELISA revealed the presence of PVX in 6.25 and 50% of Diacol-Capiro and Criolla Colombia subsamples; in contrast, RT-qPCR detected PVX in 93.75% of the samples independent of the potato variety or type of tissue. Ct values were in the 18.02 to 34.49 range with a mean value of 25.6. Melting curve analysis allowed the identification of two virus variants with Tm values of 79.5±1°C and 83.7±1°C. Sanger sequencing of the positive controls and two of the samples confirmed RT-qPCR amplicons to be PVX. These results reveal a high level of prevalence of PVX in potato tuber seeds used in Antioquia and the need to strengthen seed certification programs in Colombia through RT-qPCR detection assays.

Manejo clínico y quirúrgico del granuloma periférico de células gigantes / Clinical and surgical management of peripheral giant cell granuloma

El granuloma periférico de células gigantes es una lesión exofítica de la cavidad bucal, pertenece a las "hiperplasias reactivas" En la literatura solamente se han reportado 12 casos en pacientes infantiles, su crecimien-to es rápido, alcanza gran tamaño y se com-porta de manera agresiva ya que absorbe el hueso alveolar, produciendo movilidad dental e interfiere con la erupción. En este artículo se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 9 años, 6 meses de edad, el cual mostraba un crecimiento gingival en la zona de premolares superio-res derechos de color rojo, suave, forma irregular de aproximadamente 4 cm. de diámetro con una úlcera en la superficie oclusal, asintomático y de corta evolución. Refiere recidiva en menos de 6 meses; el diagnóstico histopatológico fue de granulo-ma periférico de células gigantes, el trata-miento fue quirúrgico, consistiendo en una toma de biopsia excisional y realizando el curetaje abierto . El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar oportunamente al granuloma periférico de células gigantes para evitar destrucción del hueso alveolar, evitando así la pérdida de los dientes permanentes...(AU)

The peripheral giant cell granuloma is an exophytic lesion developing in the oral ca-vity; it is one of the "reactive hyperplasias" The etiology is unknown In the literature only 12 cases have been reported in chil-dren, in these patients, it achieved rapid growth, behaving in an aggressive manner as it absorbed alveolar bone, leading to tooth mobility and interferes with eruption. This article presents the case of a male 9 years, 6 months old patient, who showed a red, soft, irregularly shaped gingival swelling involving the right maxillary premolars of 4cm in diameter with an ulcer in the oclusal side, asymptomatic and with short evolution. Recurrence appeared in less than 6 months; histopathologic diag-nosis was peripheral giant cell granuloma, the treatment was surgical. The purpose of this study was to identify the peripheral giant cell granuloma to avoid destruction of the alveolar bone, thus avoiding the loss of permanent teeth...(AU)

Técnica de endodoncia no instrumentada mediante el uso de la pasta CTZ / Non instrumented endodontic technique using CTZ paste

Los tratamientos odontológicos en niños tienen una gran complejidad en su realización y dependen de distintos factores para alcanzar el éxito clínico, estos pueden ser resumidos en tres, que son: la selección de los materiales, la habilidad o destreza por parte del clínico, además de la cooperación del paciente. Objetivo: Conocer las propiedades biológicas de la pasta CTZ, así como sus ventajas y desventajas frente a otros materiales actualmente usados en la terapia pulpar en niños. Métodos: Se realizó un tratamiento de pulpectomía, a través de la NIET (Técnica de Endodoncia No Instrumentada), en la clínica de Odontopediatría, de la DEPeI, de la Facultad de Odontología, de la UNAM, quien presentó proceso de necrosis pulpar. Resultados: Estudios recientes muestran que los componentes de la pasta CTZ, tienden a ser más efectivos en el tratamiento de pulpectomía que otros materiales, encontrando que pacientes tratado con esta pasta, a la exploración clínica dos semanas después de su colocación se encontraban asintomáticos; y el examen radiográfico realizado a los 2, 4 y 6 meses reveló una reducción o estabilización de la lesión periapical. Conclusiones: La pasta CTZ ha mostrado excelentes resultados y reduce la carga bacteriana hasta niveles mínimos. Las características de la pasta permiten al clínico realizar tratamientos pulpares en menor tiempo y obtener resultados superiores a otras técnicas convencionales...(AU)

Dental treatments in children are very complex to carry out and depend on different factors to obtain a clinical success, mainly depending in: selection of materials, clinical abilities and patient´s cooperation. Objective: To know the biological properties of the CZT paste, as well as its advantages and disadvantages compared with other materials currently used in pulpar therapy in children. Method: A pulpectomy treatment was carried out by NIET (non-instrumented endodontic technique in the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of the Postgraduate School, School of Dentistry, UNAM. All patients presented pulpar necrosis. Results: Recent studies have shown that the components of the CZT paste are more effective in pulpectomy treatment than other materials, finding asymptomatic patients after two weeks of treatment with this paste. Radiographic examination after 2, 4 and 6 months revealed a reduction or stabilization of the periapical lesion. Conclusions: The CZT paste has shown excellent results and reduces the bacteria concentration to minimal level. The characteristics of this paste allow the clinician to carry out pulpar treatment in less time and to obtain superior results comparing with conventional techniques...(AU)

Laryngeal microweb and vocal nodules. Clinical study in a Brazilian population.

The etiology and pathogenesis of laryngeal microwebs are heterogeneous, and in most cases they are an incidental finding. It has also been suggested that microwebs could be a familial trait, representing a postblastogenic embryonic vestigial structure that might alter the biomechanical and vibratory properties of the vocal fold. Vocal nodules are small benign swellings along the margins of the vocal cords, with preferential location at the junction of the anterior and middle thirds, and usually resulting from mechanical trauma. The authors studied a sample of 107 patients with vocal nodules, looking for a possible correlation with microwebs due to the predicted involvement in the vibration of vocal cord margins. Glottic proportion, type of glottic closure, nodule location and the main complaints in patients with microwebs were compared with those in a sample of patients without microwebs. In the present study, microwebs were found in 9.4% of the patients, who showed much smaller glottic proportion than patients with micronodules only. Furthermore, vocal nodule location was not related to the presence and/or absence of laryngeal microwebs.

Avaliaçäo dos parâmetros vocais antes e após treinamento em participantes do grupo de teatro da USP-Bauru / Evaluating the vocal behavior of the members of the theater group of USP in Bauru

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento vocal dos integrantes do grupo de teatro da USP-Bauru. A avaliaçäo proposta foi realizada antes e após treinamento vocal, a fim de se constatar se houve ou näo mudança com relaçäo aos parâmetros vocais pesquisados. Com esse trabalho, pudemos observar melhora variável desses parâmetros, sendo que ressonância e projeçäo vocal foram os de maior significância em termos de benefício

Ocorrência de queixas vocais em advogados, juízes e promotores / Speech-language-pathology practice in professional voice

A atuaçäo fonoaudiológica no campo da voz profissional é relativamente recente, principalmente no que diz respeito à prevençäo. Advogados, juízes e promotores säo profissionais que utilizam a voz de maneira intensiva e, assim sendo, prováveis candidatos ao aparecimento de disfonias. Em nosso trabalho, investigamos a existência ou näo de queixas por parte desses profissionais por meio de questionário e, consequentemente, as prováveis alteraçöes vocais. Os dados por nós encontrados näo foram significativos com relaçäo ao aparecimento de disfonias, uma vez que as queixas eram isoladas e, na maior parte das vezes, näo caracterizavam uma alteraçäo de voz específica

Comportamento vocal em pacientes portadores de disostose acrofacial, sequência de Robin e anomalias pré e pós axiais dos membros / Vocal behavior in patients with acrofacial dysostosis, Robin sequence, cleft mandible, pre/postaxial limb anomalies

Apresentamos neste artigo as principais características do comportamento vocal de 5 pacientes com disostose acrofacial e um tipo particular de comprometimento laríngeo. Os principais parâmetros avaliados foram tipo de voz, ressonância, pitch, loudness, emissäo dos sons da fala, ataque vocal, articulaçäo, velocidade, dinâmica respitatória, estruturas da fonaçäo e avaliaçäo corporal. As principais alteraçöes vocais encontradas foram rouquidäo e soprosidade com ressonância laringo-faríngea e tempos máximos de fonaçäo diminuídos

Análise comparativa dos tempos máximos de fonaçäo entre grupos de mulheres fumantes e näo fumantes / Comparative analysis of maximum phonation timing between smoking and non-smoking women

A medida dos tempos máximos de fonaçäo é um dos parâmetros por meio do qual se obtém de modo mais fácil as medidas respiratórias, podendo ser empregada tanto como meio de diagnóstico, como de acompanhamento da terapia de pacientes disfônicos. Propöe a medida dos tempos máximos de fonaçäo em mulheres fumantes e näo fumantes e a posterior comparaçäo desses achados