Clinical characteristics of patients with human immunodeficiency virus and immune-mediated photodermatoses: A retrospective study of 39 patients.

BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS patients are susceptible to various infectious and inflammatory dermatoses. No systemic work has been done on HIV/AIDS patients with immune-mediated photodermatoses in China. Here, we aim to determine the clinical features of immune-mediated photodermatoses in HIV/AIDS patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of HIV/AIDS patients with immune-mediated photodermatoses was carried out with demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and follow-up data at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between 2012 and 2019. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 39 HIV/AIDS patients with immune-mediated photodermatoses were enrolled, including 22 cases of polymorphic light eruption (PLE), 16 cases of chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD), and one actinic reticuloid. The CD4 count at the visit of the HIV-positive CAD group was lower than the PLE group (p = .049). The HIV-positive CAD group was more sensitive toward UVB than the PLE group (p = .020) and had a lower MED-UVB value (p = .044). There was no significant difference in UV tests among different categories of skin types. CONCLUSION: Immune-mediated photodermatoses are a manifestation of the advanced symptom of HIV infection, and sometimes also the presenting feature of HIV infection. Compared with HIV-positive PLE patients, CAD patients showed higher sensitivity to UVB radiation and had a lower MED-UVB value. The primary treatment for immune-mediated photodermatoses in HIV/AIDS patients is HAART and sun avoidance.

Primary clear cell carcinoma of the trachea: A CARE-compliant case report.

RATIONALE: Primary clear cell carcinoma of the lung is a rare condition, and presentation as an endotracheal lesion is even more unusual. In this report, we present a patient with clear cell carcinoma occurring in the trachea, which obstructed the tracheal lumen and lead to the respiratory distress. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 60-year old female patient was admitted due to a 6-month history of dyspnea with worsening symptoms for 1 month. Chest CT scan revealed a smooth nodular shadow with homogeneous density on the wall of upper trachea. DIAGNOSIS: Bronchoscopy therapy and surgical removal of the tumor were performed. The histopathological diagnosis revealed clear cell carcinoma. INTERVENTION: Surgical removal of the clear cell carcinoma was performed. OUTCOMES: The patient recovered well after the surgery and is now being followed-up after hospital discharge. LESSONS: Bronchoscopy is an essential tool for diagnosis of tracheal clear cell carcinoma. Surgical removal should be performed if possible.