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1.
J Exp Med ; 217(12)2020 12 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32860704

RESUMO

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a lethal malignancy with an immunosuppressive microenvironment that is resistant to most therapies. IL17 is involved in pancreatic tumorigenesis, but its role in invasive PDAC is undetermined. We hypothesized that IL17 triggers and sustains PDAC immunosuppression. We inhibited IL17/IL17RA signaling using pharmacological and genetic strategies alongside mass cytometry and multiplex immunofluorescence techniques. We uncovered that IL17 recruits neutrophils, triggers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and excludes cytotoxic CD8 T cells from tumors. Additionally, IL17 blockade increases immune checkpoint blockade (PD-1, CTLA4) sensitivity. Inhibition of neutrophils or Padi4-dependent NETosis phenocopies IL17 neutralization. NMR spectroscopy revealed changes in tumor lactate as a potential early biomarker for IL17/PD-1 combination efficacy. Higher expression of IL17 and PADI4 in human PDAC corresponds with poorer prognosis, and the serum of patients with PDAC has higher potential for NETosis. Clinical studies with IL17 and checkpoint blockade represent a novel combinatorial therapy with potential efficacy for this lethal disease.


Assuntos
Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Armadilhas Extracelulares/metabolismo , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/uso terapêutico , Interleucina-17/farmacologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/farmacologia , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Ativação Linfocitária/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Neutrófilos/patologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/imunologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Microambiente Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos
2.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1052234

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar las características epidemiológicas de los pacientes atendidos en el programa de infecciones de transmisión sexual en los hospitales de los distritos Jaén y Chota, enero-diciembre 2016. Material y métodos: Se revisaron las historias clínicas y libro de registro diario de los pacientes; se completó la información a una base de datos de Excel, la que posteriormente se exportó al programa SPSS 21, y el análisis estadístico entre variables se realizó utilizando el estadístico chi cuadrado. Resultados: Se encontró que los pacientes atendidos en Chota y Jaén, fueron mujeres en 90% y varones en 10%, hubo una mayor frecuencia de pacientes entre los 21 y 30 años (37,8%). Las trabajadoras sexuales representan el 37,1% de la población estudiada, y la población homosexual 4,6%. Chota aportó un 40,5% de participantes y Jaén un 59,3%. Gardnerella fue el diagnóstico más frecuente con un 43,9 %, seguido de cándida albicans con un 14,6%. El rango de edad (p<0,03) el grupo poblacional (p<0,001), el número de diagnósticos (p<0,001) y la ocupación (p<0,001) mostraron asociación con la variable ciudad de procedencia. Conclusiones: La zona de procedencia con mayor frecuencia de los pacientes atendidos en el programa de infecciones de transmisión sexual en los hospitales de los distritos Jaén y Chota 2016, es la zona urbana con un 78,6%. La ocupación con mayor frecuencia de los pacientes atendidos en el programa de infecciones de transmisión sexual en los hospitales de los distritos Jaén y Chota 2016, es la de no profesional con un 68.9%.

3.
Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab ; 53(4): 157-162, dic. 2016. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-957960

RESUMO

Introducción: La diabetes es un trastorno metabólico que afecta a más de 347 millones de personas en el mundo y aproximadamente 1,1 millones en el Perú; si bien se han estudiado sus complicaciones, poco se sabe sobre su efecto en la audición. Se han planteado algunas hipótesis para intentar explicarla, sin embargo, la relación entre diabetes mellitus y la hipoacusia es motivo aún de discusión en la actualidad. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de hipoacusia y las características audiométricas en pacientes con diabetes de un hospital nivel II de la Ciudad de Chiclayo durante el año 2015. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo en el que se realizaron audiometrías a 185 pacientes con diabetes atendidos en el servicio de Endocrinología. Se incluyó a pacientes entre 18 y 70 años, con diagnóstico confirmado de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y 2, que vivan en la ciudad de Chiclayo. El muestreo fue probabilístico aleatorio simple. Se excluyó a pacientes con sordera súbita, otitis media aguda o crónica, antecedente o presencia de perforación timpánica detectados durante la exploración ótica y que utilizaran material auxiliar auditivo, consumían fármacos ototóxicos, con antecedente de hipoacusia y de exposición laboral a ruido. Los datos se registraron en una ficha de audiometría convencional en la que se agregaron las variables de interés (edad, sexo, tiempo de enfermedad y otras variables clínicas). Se describieron medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. Resultados: El 49% de los pacientes diabéticos presentaron hipoacusia, destacando la hipoacusia leve (35%), bilateral (41%) de tipo neurosensorial (45%) y con una tendencia a tonos agudos (42%). La mayoría de los pacientes con hipoacusia tuvo un tiempo de enfermedad mayor o igual a 10 años. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de hipoacusia en pacientes con diabetes es elevada en nuestro medio. Por lo general es una hipoacusia leve, de tipo neurosensorial y bilateral, independiente del tiempo de evolución. Estos datos obligan a tener un mayor énfasis en la revisión sistemática de alteraciones a nivel auditivo en los pacientes con diabetes.


Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affects more than 347 million people worldwide, and approximately 1.1 million in Peru. Its complications have been studied, but there is little about its effect on hearing. Although there are some hypotheses to try to explain this, the relationship between diabetes mellitus and hearing loss is still controversial. Objectives: To determine the frequency of hearing loss and the audiometric characteristics of diabetic patients in a Level II Hospital of Chiclayo City during 2015. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study in which audiometry was performed on 185 patients with diabetes treated in the Endocrinology Department. The patients included where between 18 and 70 years, diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, and lived in Chiclayo city. Simple random probability sampling was used. Those patients with sudden deafness, acute or chronic otitis media, a history or presence of tympanic perforation detected during ear examination, using hearing aid materials, on cytotoxic drugs, family history of hearing loss, and occupational exposure to noise, were excluded. Data were recorded in a conventional audiometry table in which other variables of interest (age, gender, and duration of the disease) were added. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were described. Results: Almost half (49%) of diabetic patients had hearing loss, mainly slight (35%), bilateral (41%), sensorineural (45%), and with a tendency towards higher-pitched tones (42%). Most patients with hearing loss had more than 10 years of disease. Conclusions: The frequency of hearing loss in patients with diabetes is high in our environment. It is usually a minor, sensorineural and bilateral type, independent of duration of disease. These data show that greater emphasis should be placed on the systematic review of changes in hearing levels in patients with diabetes.

4.
Aesthet Surg J ; 35(7): NP203-10, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26104475

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Implant malposition is becoming an increasingly recognized complication following subpectoral breast augmentation. Although several causes of medial malposition have been previously demonstrated, medial implant malposition secondary to unintended pectoralis muscle slips has not been previously described. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to describe a form of medial implant malposition caused by pectoralis major and minor musculature vectors on the implant. METHODS: The primary investigator performed a retrospective review of all patients who underwent revisional breast surgery for the diagnosis of symmastia or medial implant malposition following subpectoral augmentation. Those patients with muscular-type etiology for medial implant malposition were identified. RESULTS: Five patients with pectoralis muscle slips causing medial implant malposition were identified. The pectoralis muscle slips were successfully diagnosed on preoperative exam and corrected with specific surgical procedures aimed at balancing surrounding forces and thus correcting malposition. CONCLUSIONS: Pectoralis muscle slips contributing to medial malposition can be found in some patients after subpectoral breast augmentation. The etiology of this deformity is unknown, but theorized to be caused by anatomic predisposition, with slips inadvertently formed during subpectoral pocket formation arising from the pectoralis minor and/or incompletely released or accessory pectoralis major muscles.


Assuntos
Implante Mamário/métodos , Implantes de Mama/efeitos adversos , Músculos Peitorais/anatomia & histologia , Músculos Peitorais/cirurgia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos
5.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 31(2): 176-183, abr.-jun. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-949580

RESUMO

Introducción: la depresión es una enfermedad de alta prevalencia en adultos mayores. En Colombia su prevalencia se ha descrito entre 1,2 a 12% en mayores que viven en comunidad. Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia de depresión en un muestra de adultos mayores de Bogotá y describir los factores de riesgo psicosocial asociados. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio de corte transversal observacional-descriptivo, en 889 adultos mayores autónomos. La depresión fue evaluada con el test de depresión geriátrica Yesavage y los factores de riesgo con la sección de acontecimientos vitales del cuestionario Predict. Resultados: el 74% de la muestra estuvo constituida por mujeres, la media de edad fue de 72,51 (DS 9,4) años y la escolaridad promedio en años fue de 7,50 (DS 5,64). Así mismo, se estimó una prevalencia de depresión del 18,6%, siendo mayor en mujeres (20%) y (18%) en sujetos entre 70 y 79 años, los adultos con baja escolaridad sumaron un 43%, y el 22% lo constituyeron personas dependientes económicamente. Por otra parte, se encontró relación entre la depresión y cinco de los factores de riesgo psicosocial conocidos como acontecimientos vitales adversos: insomnio, vivir solo, padecer enfermedades crónicas, haber sufrido una crisis económica, y la muerte de un familiar o amigo cercano en el último año. Conclusión: la prevalencia de depresión en un grupo de personas mayores de la comunidad en Bogotá es más alta que lo descrito previamente en Colombia y por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Programas que reduzcan la soledad en la vejez y protejan a la mujer y a los mayores con menos escolaridad podrían mitigar esta condición.


Introduction: depression is one of the most prevalent diseases in the elderly. In Colombia, the prevalence of depression in this population ranges from 1,2 to 12%. Objective: to estimate the prevalence of depression in a group of independent elderly subjects in Bogota and describe the psychosocial risk factors associated with it. Material and methods: a cross-observational and descriptive study was done. The sample was constituted of 889 autonomous elderly subjects of Bogota city. Depression was assessed by applying the Test of Geriatric Depression-Yesavage-. Besides, the psychosocial risk factors were measured through the life events section, which is part of the Predict Questionnaire. Results: 74% of the sample was made up of women, the mean age was 72,51 years old (DS.9,4) and the average of education was of 7.50 years (DS.5,64). Besides, it was found a prevalence of depression of 18,6%. This prevalence was higher in the women (20%) and elderly between 70 and 79 years old (18%), adults with low education with 43% or 22% in economically dependent people. A relationship between depression and five psychosocial risk factors, known as adverse life events-insomnia, living alone, suffering a chronic disease or economic crisis or the death of the couple, a close friend or a relative. Conclusion: results showed a higher prevalence of depression in this sample in comparison to the findings yielded in previous studies developed in Colombia and the WHO. Programs that help to reduce the long lines protect women and older with less schooling ageing could mitigate the condition.


Assuntos
Sono , Idoso , Fatores de Risco , Depressão
6.
Ann Plast Surg ; 74(5): 543-8, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24051462

RESUMO

The deep plane cervicofacial (DPCF) rotation advancement flap has been well described for coverage of cheek and lower eyelid defects. The extension of this flap for coverage of complex combined temporofrontal and brow defects has not been previously described. The primary investigator (E.L.C.) performed a chart review of all 7 DPCF flaps performed for reconstructive purposes at the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex, from November 2011 through August 2012. Three patients with complex combined temporal and brow defects were identified. Three patients underwent coverage of complex combined temporofrontal and brow defects using the DPCF flap. Adequate coverage was provided with good skin color match. No flap loss or tip necrosis was seen, despite immediate excision of the resulting cheek standing cone deformity in 2 of the 3 patients at the time of reconstruction. All patients had suture fixation of the DPCF flap to cheek periosteum. All had none or mild lateral canthal distortion, with less than 1 mm of asymptomatic ectropion at a minimum follow-up of 4 months. The DPCF flap is a safe, effective, and reliable means to provide coverage for complex combined temporofrontal and brow defects. The deep plane elevation and musculocutaneous blood supply may improve flap mobility, viability, and resistance to tension. The standing cone deformity resulting from flap advancement can be primarily excised without risking flap necrosis. With further study, indications for the DPCF flap may include adjacent areas of the face currently being reconstructed using other means.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Basocelular/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Faciais/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Bochecha/cirurgia , Feminino , Testa/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cirurgia de Mohs , Pescoço/cirurgia
7.
Aesthet Surg J ; 34(8): 1179-84, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25121786

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The pectoralis major typically is manipulated for implant coverage and pocket design in subpectoral breast augmentation. An understanding of its anatomy can guide successful creation of the implant pocket. OBJECTIVES: The authors evaluated the anatomy of the sternal origin of the pectoralis major to inform surgical planning, help establish a technique for subpectoral augmentation mammaplasty, and identify the most common locations of perforators. METHODS: The sternal origins of 24 pectoralis major muscles were dissected and examined in 15 female cadavers to determine the structure and width of the pectoralis major sternal origin and its relationship to the locations of internal mammary perforators. RESULTS: The average width of the sternal origin of the pectoralis major was 7.1 mm (range, 3 mm-1.8 cm). This width decreased slightly from the second rib to the second intercostal space and then increased progressively in the caudal direction toward the fifth rib. The sternal origin terminated an average of 5.4 mm (range, 1-16 mm) from the midline, with the greatest distance at the fifth rib and large variability throughout. A row of perforators from the internal mammary artery traversed the subpectoral space an average of 2.7 cm from the midline (range, 1-3.7 cm). CONCLUSIONS: The sternal origin of the pectoralis major was thin and highly variable, suggesting that its partial release for implant medialization during subpectoral augmentation is unsafe.


Assuntos
Implante Mamário , Mamoplastia , Músculos Peitorais/anatomia & histologia , Esterno/anatomia & histologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Pesos e Medidas Corporais/métodos , Cadáver , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
8.
Aesthet Surg J ; 34(2): 258-63, 2014 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24402060

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Although the anatomy of the individual pectoralis major and minor muscles has been described previously, never before has the anatomic relationship between these muscles been investigated. OBJECTIVE: The authors identify the anatomic relationship of the costal origins of the pectoralis major and minor muscles. METHODS: Bilateral thoracic wall dissection was completed in 102 cadavers. In each dissection, the chest wall soft tissue was removed, and the distance between costal origins of the pectoralis major and the pectoralis minor muscles was measured. RESULTS: In 49 female and 53 male cadavers, 202 pectoralis major muscles were lifted to expose the costal origins of the pectoralis major and minor muscles. Distances between pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles were separated into 3 categories: less than 1 cm, between 1 and 3 cm, and greater than 3 cm. Forty-nine (24%) pectoralis muscle dissections displayed a distance of less than 1 cm between costal muscle origins. Eighty-three dissections (41%) showed an intermediate distance of between 1 and 3 cm, while the remaining 70 (35%) were over 3 cm. No significant difference was observed in these percentages with regard to sex. Ten cadavers displayed asymmetry in pectoralis muscle origin distance. Eight specimens displayed shared fibers between pectoralis major and minor muscles. CONCLUSIONS: The anatomic relationship between the costal origin of the pectoralis major and minor muscles is highly variable. Understanding this spatial relationship has important implications for cosmetic and reconstructive breast surgery.


Assuntos
Músculos Peitorais/anatomia & histologia , Adulto , Cadáver , Dissecação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Músculos Peitorais/cirurgia , Costelas/anatomia & histologia
9.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 30(1): 22-31, ene.-mar. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-724885

RESUMO

Introducción. Diferentes pruebas neuropsicológicas permiten explorar las funciones cognitivas del adulto mayor, en un tiempo corto. En Colombia se dispone de pocos estudios sobre puntuaciones y puntos de corte para el MMSE y para el MoCA en relación al diagnóstico de deterioro cognitivo. Objetivo. Describir la distribución de las puntuaciones del MMSE y el MoCA y los puntos de corte con mejor discriminación, para el diagnóstico de deterioro cognitivo leve y demencia, en una muestra de pacientes de Bogotá. Material y métodos. Se evaluaron 248 pacientes por un equipo multidisciplinario, que consultaron a la Clínica de Memoria del HIUSJ entre 2009-2012, siguiendo un protocolo establecido. Se identificaron las puntuaciones del MoCA y MMSE, que permitieron obtener el mayor porcentaje de pacientes correctamente clasificados. Resultados. En el 70% de los pacientes con DCL y en el 69 % de los sujetos normales, se encontraron puntuaciones del MMSE inferiores o iguales a 28. En 91% de pacientes con DCL y 84% de los sujetos normales, se presentaron puntuaciones del MoCA inferiores o iguales a 25. Los pacientes con cualquier tipo de demencia, presentaron puntuaciones del MMSE inferiores o iguales a 27 e inferiores o iguales a 24 en el MoCA. Conclusión. Según el presente estudio, el tamizaje de funciones cognitivas, utilizando el MoCA, clasifica de manera más acertada que el MMSE, a los sujetos con deterioro cognitivo. Creemos que en atención primaria, estos puntos de corte del MoCA, pueden ser considerados por ahora, cuando se trate especialmente de sujetos con alta escolaridad.


Introduction. Some cognitive tests allow the evaluation of cognitive functions on the elderly in a short period of time. There are few studies in Colombia about cut-off point for the MMSE and the MoCA test. Objectives. To describe the distribution on scores on MMSE and MoCA test and the cut-off point with a better discrimination criteria for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and dementia, in a sample of patients from Bogotá. Materials and methods. Two hundred forty eight patients were included in this study, being evaluated by a multidisciplinary team that followed an established protocol, on patients who attended to the Memory Clinic of HIUSJ between 2009-2012. MoCA test and MMSE scores that allow higher percentages of correctly classified patients were identified. Results. Seventy percent of patients with mild cognitive impairment and 69% of normal individuals had scores on MMSE below or equal to 28. Ninety-one percent of patients with MCI and 89% of normal patients, had scores below or equal to 25. Patients with any type of dementia had scores on MMSE below or equal to 27 and below or equal to 24 in MoCA test. Conclusion. According to the study, the screening of cognitive functions, using MoCA test, is more accurate than MMSE in patients with cognitive decline. The cut-off points, identified in our study, can be considered useful until now in primary attention, in patients with a high level of education.

10.
Acta pediátr. costarric ; 20(1): 33-39, 2008. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-637453

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar y describir la experiencia con la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina (BAAF) en el Hospital Nacional de Niños "Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera" (HNN) de San José, Costa Rica durante los primeros 21 meses de funcionamiento de dicho servicio. Métodos: Estudio observacional y retrospectivo del material de BAAF obtenido en el HNN desde octubre de 2004 a junio de 2006 (extendidos del material, inmunofenotipo, citogenética, cultivos microbiológicos). En aquellos casos en que se realizó cirugía, se hizo correlación entre material de biopsias convencionales anteriores o posteriores y la BAAF. La evolución de los pacientes se obtuvo por medio del expediente clínico. Resultados: Se realizó un total de 142 diagnósticos en 132 pacientes. La clasificación de dichos diagnósticos fue: benigno 86 (61%), maligno 36 (25%), sospechoso 5 (3.5%), atípico 5 (3.5%); se obtuvo material insuficiente para diagnóstico en 10 (7%) de las BAAF. De los diagnósticos benignos 74 (86%) consistieron en linfadenopatía reactiva-infecciosa. Los diagnósticos malignos fueron variados, siendo el linfoma el más frecuente 14 (39%); con el linfoma de Hodgkin como el mas común 9 (25%), detectándose tanto enfermedad de novo como recurrencias. Se determino el inmunofenotipo por citometría de flujo en 17 (12%) casos y se realizó cariotipo en 2 (1.4%) casos. Conclusiones: La BAAF es un procedimiento seguro, rápido y eficaz en el diagnóstico de múltiples patologías de la población pediátrica atendida en HNN. Los dos escenarios clínicos más frecuentes en que la BAAF cumplió un rol importante fueron el diagnóstico de recurrencia del linfoma de Hodgkin y el tamizaje de linfadenopatías en niños sin historia de malignidad. En algunos casos la BAAF hace innecesaria la realización de una biopsia convencional.


Aim: To evaluate the performance of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) and describe the experience at Hospital Nacional de Niños "Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera" (HNN) in San José, Costa Rica during the first 21 months since introduction of this procedure. Methods: Retrospective review of all FNAB material collected at HNN from October 2004 to June 2006 (glass slides, flow cytometric analyses, cytogenetics, and cultures). When available, previous or later surgical biopsy material was also reviewed and results were correlated with FNAB. Patient followup was assessed from clinical charts. Results: A total of 142 diagnoses in 132 patients were performed. These were classified as follows: benign 86 (61%), malignant 36 (25%), suspicious 5 (3.5%), atypical 4 (3.5%). Material insufficient for diagnosis was obtained in 10 (7%) cases. Reactive-infectious lymphadenopathy comprised 74 (86%) of benign diagnoses. Most common malignant diagnosis was lymphoma. New cases and recurrences of Hodgkin’s disease were the most common specific malignancy 9 (25%) detected. Flow cytometric analysis was performed in 17 (12%) of the cases and conventional cytogenetics in 2 (1.4%). Conclusions: FNAB demonstrated to be a fast, safe and efficient diagnostic tool at HNN. Diagnosis of recurrence of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and screening of lymphadenopathies in children without history of malignancy were the two most common clinical scenarios where FNAB played an important role. FNAB can obviate the need for surgical intervention in some cases.


Assuntos
Biópsia por Agulha Fina/métodos , Hospitais Pediátricos , Costa Rica
12.
Univ. med ; 43(1): 74-77, 2002. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-346808

Assuntos
Coma
13.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 17(4): 304-308, dez. 2001.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-307254

RESUMO

La clasificación de la enfermedad cerebrovascular inquémica por subtipos conlleva el doble interés de permitir un mejor y más rápido tratamiento para el paciente y una más fácil y adecuada caracterización de los factores de riesgo, lo que facilita la prevención secundaria. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la factibilidad de clasificar la enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica según los parámetros utilizados por el TOAST, en los pacientes atendidos en un hospital universitario de la ciudad de Bogotá. La aplicación de los criterios dwe TOAST generó una alta proporción de ECV de etiología no determinada. La falta de estudios de los vasos intracerebrales ocasiona una sobreestimación de este grupo y una subestimación de pacientes con múltiples factores de riesgo y de gran vaso. Esta limitación obliga a replantear su uso en nuestro medio


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares
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