Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in a Canada lynx with phacoclastic uveitis.

A 4-year-old male Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) was referred to the ophthalmology service at the University of Saskatchewan with a 7-month history of cataract and chronic phacoclastic uveitis secondary to penetrating trauma from a lynx claw. Ophthalmic examination of the right eye revealed a corneal scar, marked aqueous flare, extensive fibrovascular membranes extending from the iris to the lens, anterior and posterior synechiae, immature cataract, and anterior vitritis; the fundus was not visible. Phacoemulsification surgery and intraocular lens implantation using a custom lens of D+46 and 14 mm (An-vision, West Jordan, Utah, USA) was performed. Post-operative medications included sub-conjunctival injections of atropine, cefazolin, and triamcinolone, and oral doxycycline and prednisolone. At the 5-month follow-up, the uveitis was controlled, and a normal fundus was visualized; at 21 mo, the eye remained comfortable and visual. This is the first case report to describe phacoemulsification in a wild felid as a treatment for a traumatic cataract and severe phacoclastic uveitis. Key clinical message: Despite chronic phacoclastic uveitis, phacoemulsification surgery can provide a positive outcome for mature wild felids with traumatic lens rupture, even when topical treatment cannot be administered.

Phacoémulsification et implantation de lentilles intraoculaires chez un lynx du Canada atteint d'uvéite phacoclastique. Un lynx du Canada mâle de 4 ans (Lynx canadensis) a été référé au service d'ophtalmologie de l'University of Saskatchewan avec une histoire de 7 mois de cataracte et d'uvéite phacoclastique chronique secondaire à un traumatisme pénétrant d'une griffe de lynx. L'examen ophtalmique de l'oeil droit a révélé une cicatrice cornéenne, un phénomène de Tyndall marqué, des membranes fibrovasculaires étendues s'étendant de l'iris au cristallin, des synéchies antérieure et postérieure, une cataracte immature et une vitreite antérieure; le fond d'oeil n'était pas visible. Une chirurgie de phacoémulsification et une implantation de lentille intraoculaire à l'aide d'une lentille personnalisée de D+46 et 14 mm (An-vision, West Jordan, Utah, USA) ont été réalisées. Les médicaments postopératoires comprenaient des injections sous-conjonctivales d'atropine, de céfazoline et de triamcinolone, ainsi que de la doxycycline et de la prednisolone par voie orale. Au suivi à 5 mois, l'uvéite était contrôlée et un fond d'oeil normal était visualisé; à 21 mois, l'oeil restait confortable et visuel. Il s'agit du premier rapport de cas décrivant la phacoémulsification chez un félin sauvage comme traitement d'une cataracte traumatique et d'une uvéite phacoclastique sévère.Message clinique clé:Malgré l'uvéite phacoclastique chronique, la chirurgie de phacoémulsification peut donner un résultat positif pour les félins sauvages matures présentant une rupture traumatique du cristallin, même lorsqu'un traitement topique ne peut pas être administré.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).

In vivo imaging comparison of unilateral circular retinal plaques in retriever dogs to dysplasia and detachment in the English Springer Spaniel.

PURPOSE: To compare the scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiography (FA) findings in retrievers with a single unilateral circular retinal plaque to those of an English springer spaniel with bilateral retinal dysplasia. PROCEDURES: A retrospective record review identified three dogs with circular retinal plaques that underwent SLO and OCT; in two of the three dogs, FA was also completed. Morphologic changes, lesion measurements, and angiogram characteristics were documented. An English springer spaniel with bilateral retinal dysplasia that had undergone SLO, OCT, and FA was used for comparison. RESULTS: Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy of the retriever dogs revealed circular retinal plaques with a dark periphery located in the tapetal retina. OCT revealed a thickening of the nerve fiber layer corresponding to the circular pattern observed on SLO. Within the circular plaque, the retina was predominantly of normal architecture. FA revealed variable hypofluorescence of both the rim and the center of the circular lesion throughout the early angiogram phases. In the late recirculation phase, small multifocal areas of hyperfluorescence were observed. OCT of geographic retinal dysplasia in the English springer spaniel revealed disorganization of both inner and outer retinal layers, and retinal detachment. CONCLUSIONS: Circular plaques observed in the tapetal retina are predominantly formed by a thickening of inner retina, while retinal dysplasia has disorganization of both inner and outer retinal layers. Further etiologic research is needed, including pedigree mapping to determine whether retinal plaques are an acquired or inherited condition.

Effect of intracameral epinephrine on heart rate, post-operative ocular hypertension, and long-term outcome following canine phacoemulsification.

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of intrsacameral epinephrine on heart rate, blood pressure, post-operative ocular hypertension, and complications following canine phacoemulsification. PROCEDURES: A prospective, double-blinded, controlled trial was carried out using 30 client-owned dogs undergoing phacoemulsification. Eyes were randomly assigned to a treatment group receiving intracameral (IC) epinephrine (n = 31) or balanced salt solution (n = 25) at the beginning of surgery. Heart rate, post-operative intraocular pressures, and outcomes were compared between treatment groups. RESULTS: No adverse reactions to IC epinephrine or saline were observed. Post-operative ocular hypertension developed at the 2 and/or 4 hours pressure reading in 35% and 46% in the epinephrine and saline groups, respectively (P = .5072). There were 9.7% and 23.1% eyes that developed complications in the IC epinephrine and saline groups, respectively (P = .2373). CONCLUSIONS: Intracameral epinephrine is safe to use, and non-significant decreases in post-operative ocular hypertension and long-term complications were observed.