A rare clinical presentation of Desmoplastic Trichilemmoma mimicking Invasive Carcinoma.

Trichilemmoma is a benign neoplasm from the outer sheath of the pilosebaceous follicle. Desmoplastic trichilemmoma, a rare variant, is histologically characterized by a central area of desmoplasia that can clinically mimic an invasive carcinoma, requiring histopathological examination to define the diagnosis.

Case for diagnosis.

Focal acral hyperkeratosis is a rare genodermatosis with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. It is characterized by usually asymptomatic keratotic papules along the borders of the hands and/or feet. The main differential diagnosis is acrokeratoelastoidosis of Costa, which differs from the former only by not presenting elastorrhexis in histopathological examination, thus requiring this exam for a correct diagnosis.

Case for diagnosis

Focal acral hyperkeratosis is a rare genodermatosis with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. It is characterized by usually asymptomatic keratotic papules along the borders of the hands and/or feet. The main differential diagnosis is acrokeratoelastoidosis of Costa, which differs from the former only by not presenting elastorrhexis in histopathological examination, thus requiring this exam for a correct diagnosis.

A rare clinical presentation of Desmoplastic Trichilemmoma mimicking Invasive Carcinoma

Trichilemmoma is a benign neoplasm from the outer sheath of the pilosebaceous follicle. Desmoplastic trichilemmoma, a rare variant, is histologically characterized by a central area of desmoplasia that can clinically mimic an invasive carcinoma, requiring histopathological examination to define the diagnosis.

Primary essential cutis verticis gyrata - case report.

Cutis verticis gyrata is characterized by excessive formation of scalp skin. It may be primary (essential and nonessential) or secondary. In the primary essential form it presents only folding skin formation on the scalp, mimicking cerebral gyri, without associated comorbidities. We report a rare case of a 28 year-old male patient with primary essential cutis verticis gyrata.

Primary essential cutis verticis gyrata - Case report

Cutis verticis gyrata is characterized by excessive formation of scalp skin. It may be primary (essential and nonessential) or secondary. In the primary essential form it presents only folding skin formation on the scalp, mimicking cerebral gyri, without associated comorbidities. We report a rare case of a 28 year-old male patient with primary essential cutis verticis gyrata.

Curativo de hidrofibra com prata: opção de tratamento para pênfigo vulgar / Hydrofiber dressing with silver: a treatment option for Pemphigus vulgaris

O pênfigo vulgar é doença grave, que se caracteriza pelo aparecimento de bolhas e erosões mucocutâneas, tratadas sistêmica e topicamente. Alguns pacientes apresentam no tegumento lesões resistentes às terapias disponíveis. A hidrofibra com prata é curativo retentor e umidificador com amplo espectro bacteriano eficaz no tratamento de feridas e doenças bolhosas. Relata-se caso de PV com lesões na face e na região cervical que, tratado com curativo de hidrofibra com prata, apresentou melhora das lesões em dez dias.

Pemphigus vulgaris is a serious condition characterized by blisters and mucocutaneous erosions, which is treated systemically and topically. Some affected patients present lesions in the integument that are resistant to available therapies. Hydrofiber with silver is a retainer and humidifier dressing with broad bacterial spectrum, which is effective in treating wounds and bullous diseases. The authors describe a case of Pemphigus vulgaris with lesions on the face and neck that was treated with hydrofiber with silver dressing. There was an improvement in the lesions within 10 days.

Avaliação da aplicação do índice de tobin no desmame da ventilação mecânica após anestesia geral / Evaluating the use of the tobin index when weaning patients from mechanical ventilation after general anesthesia

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVO: O índice preditivo de descontinuação da ventilação mecânica é parâmetro de prognóstico de desmame. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a aplicação do índice de Tobin antes da extubação traqueal em pacientes submetidos à anestesia geral. MÉTODO: Foram analisados 80 pacientes, 40 (50 por cento) homens e 40 (50 por cento) mulheres submetidos a colecistectomia sob anestesia geral. A média de idade foi 57,7 ± 12,4 (33 a 82 anos) e a média do peso corpóreo foi 70,85 ± 11,07 (48 a 90 kg). Trinta e sete (46,2 por cento) pacientes eram tabagistas. O índice de Tobin foi obtido pela relação entre freqüência respiratória e volume corrente em ciclos/litro/minuto (c.L-1.min-1). Foram estudadas as variáveis: idade, peso, tabagismo, risco anestésico-cirúrgico, duração do procedimento, volume corrente expirado e freqüência respiratória pós-operatória, tempo de permanência na recuperação pós-anestésica, ocorrências clínicas intra-operatórias e gravidade das ocorrências clínicas após extubação. Foram utilizados testes estatísticos paramétricos e não-paramétricos, e análise de regressão logística univariada e múltipla. RESULTADOS: A idade (p = 0,019), peso corpóreo (p = 0,006), tabagismo (p = 0,014), risco anestésico (p = 0,0001), volume corrente (p < 0,0001), freqüência respiratória (p < 0,0001), tempo de permanência na recuperação pós-anestésica (p < 0,0001) e ocorrências clínicas pós-extubação (p < 0,0001) influenciaram de forma significativa o índice de Tobin. As variáveis independentes com risco de insucesso do desmame ventilatório foram idade avançada e o peso corpóreo elevado (p = 0,023). CONCLUSÕES: O desmame ventilatório pós-operatório com índice de Tobin > 80 c.L-1.min-1 e < 100 c.L-1.min-1 apresentou risco elevado de ocorrências clínicas pós-extubação traqueal. Nos pacientes com índice de Tobin > 80 c.L-1.min-1, a idade avançada e o peso corpóreo elevado constituíram variáveis independentes de risco para...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The predictive index for discontinuing mechanical ventilation is a prognostic parameter. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the Tobin index before tracheal extubation in patients undergoing general anesthesia. METHODS: Eighty patients, 40 (50 percent) men and 40 (50 percent) women undergoing cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 57.7 ± 12.4 (33 to 82 years) and mean body weight was 70.85 ± 11.07 (48 to 90 kg). Thirty-seven patients (46.2 percent) were smokers. The Tobin index was obtained through the relationship between respiratory rate and tidal volume in cycles/Liter/minute (c.L-1.min-1). Age, weight, smoking, anesthetic-surgical risk, duration of the procedure, expired tidal volume, and postoperative respiratory rate, length of time in the recovery room, intraoperative clinical intercurrences and severity of the clinical intercurrences after extubation were studied. Parametric and non-parametric statistical tests, and analysis of univariate and multiple logistic regression were used. RESULTS: Age (p = 0.019), body weight (p = 0.006), smoking (p = 0.014), anesthetic risk (p = 0.0001), tidal volume (p < 0.0001), respiratory rate (p < 0.0001), length of time in the recovery room (p < 0.0001), and post-extubation clinical intercurrences (p < 0.0001) had a significant influence in the Tobin index. The independent variables with risk of failure to wean included advanced age and elevated body weight (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Weaning patients off mechanical ventilation in the postoperative period with a Tobin Index > 80 c.L-1.min-1 and < 100 c.L-1.min-1 was associated with elevated risk of postoperative clinical intercurrences after extubation. Patients with a Tobin index > 80 c.L-1.min, advanced age and increased body weight were independent variables of risk of failure to discontinue mechanical ventilation.

JUSTIFICATIVAS Y OBJETIVOS: El índice de predicción de descontinuación de la ventilación mecánica es parámetro de pronóstico de destete. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la aplicación del índice de Tobin antes de la extubación traqueal en pacientes sometidos a la anestesia general. MÉTODO: Fueron analizados 80 pacientes, 40 (50 por ciento) hombres y 40 (50 por ciento) mujeres sometidos a colecistectomía bajo anestesia general. El promedio de edad fue 57,7 ± 12,4 (33 a 82 años) y la media del peso corporal fue 70,85 ± 11,07 (48 a 90 kg). Treinta y siete (46,2 por ciento) pacientes eran tabaquistas. El índice de Tobin se obtuvo por la relación entre frecuencia respiratoria y volumen corriente en ciclos/litro/minuto (c.L-1.min-1). Fueron estudiadas las variables edad, peso, tabaquismo, riesgo anestésico-quirúrgico, duración del procedimiento, volumen corriente expirado y frecuencia respiratoria postoperatoria, tiempo de permanencia en la recuperación post anestésica, incidencias clínicas intraoperatorias y gravedad de las incidencias clínicas después de la extubación. Fueron utilizados pruebas estadísticas paramétricos y no paramétricos, y análisis de regresión logística variada y múltiple. RESULTADOS: La edad (p = 0,019), peso corpóreo (p = 0,006), tabaquismo (p = 0,014), riesgo anestésico (p = 0,0001), volumen corriente (p < 0,0001), frecuencia respiratoria (p < 0,0001), tiempo de permanencia en la recuperación post anestésica (p < 0,0001) e incidencias clínicas pos extubación (p < 0,0001) influyeron significativamente en el índice de Tobin. Las variables independientes con riesgo de fracaso del destete por ventilación fueron edad avanzada y el peso corpóreo elevado (p = 0,023). CONCLUSIONES: El destete por ventilación postoperatorio con índice de Tobin > 80 c.L-1.min-1 y < 100 c.L-1.min-1 presentó riesgo elevado de incidencias clínicas después de la extubación traqueal. En los pacientes con índice de Tobin...

[Evaluating the use of the tobin index when weaning patients from mechanical ventilation after general anesthesia.]. / Avaliação da aplicação do índice de tobin no desmame da ventilação mecânica após anestesia geral.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The predictive index for discontinuing mechanical ventilation is a prognostic parameter. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the Tobin index before tracheal extubation in patients undergoing general anesthesia. METHODS: Eighty patients, 40 (50%) men and 40 (50%) women undergoing cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 57.7 +/- 12.4 (33 to 82 years) and mean body weight was 70.85 +/- 11.07 (48 to 90 kg). Thirty-seven patients (46.2%) were smokers. The Tobin index was obtained through the relationship between respiratory rate and tidal volume in cycles/Liter/minute (c.L-1.min-1). Age, weight, smoking, anesthetic-surgical risk, duration of the procedure, expired tidal volume, and postoperative respiratory rate, length of time in the recovery room, intraoperative clinical intercurrences and severity of the clinical intercurrences after extubation were studied. Parametric and non-parametric statistical tests, and analysis of univariate and multiple logistic regression were used. RESULTS: Age (p = 0.019), body weight (p = 0.006), smoking (p = 0.014), anesthetic risk (p = 0.0001), tidal volume (p < 0.0001), respiratory rate (p < 0.0001), length of time in the recovery room (p < 0.0001), and post-extubation clinical intercurrences (p < 0.0001) had a significant influence in the Tobin index. The independent variables with risk of failure to wean included advanced age and elevated body weight (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Weaning patients off mechanical ventilation in the postoperative period with a Tobin Index > 80 c.L-1.min-1 and < 100 c.L-1.min-1 was associated with elevated risk of postoperative clinical intercurrences after extubation. Patients with a Tobin index > 80 c.L-1.min, advanced age and increased body weight were independent variables of risk of failure to discontinue mechanical ventilation.