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BACKGROUND: This study investigated and compared the efficacy, safety, radiation exposure, and financial compensation of two modalities for percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG): multislice computed tomography biopsy mode (MS-CT BM)-guided and fluoroscopy-guided (FPRG). The aim was to provide insights into optimizing radiologically assisted gastrostomy procedures. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of PRG procedures performed at a single center from January 2018 to January 2024. The procedures were divided into two groups based on the imaging modality used. We compared patient demographics, intervention parameters, complication rates, and procedural times. Financial compensation was evaluated based on the tariff structure for outpatient medical services in Switzerland (TARMED). Statistical differences were determined using Fisher's exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The study cohort included 133 patients: 55 with MS-CT BM-PRG and 78 with FPRG. The cohort comprised 35 women and 98 men, with a mean age of 64.59 years (±11.91). Significant differences were observed between the modalities in effective dose (MS-CT BM-PRG: 10.95 mSv ± 11.43 vs. FPRG: 0.169 mSv ± 0.21, p < 0.001) and procedural times (MS-CT BM-PRG: 41.15 min ± 16.14 vs. FPRG: 28.71 min ± 16.03, p < 0.001). Major complications were significantly more frequent with FPRG (10% vs. 0% in MS-CT BM-PRG, p = 0.039, φ = 0.214). A higher single-digit number of MS-CT BM-guided PRG was required initially to reduce procedure duration by 10 min. Financial comparison revealed that only 4% of MS-CT BM-guided PRGs achieved reimbursement equivalent to the most frequent comparable examination, according to TARMED. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our experience from a retrospective, single-center study, the execution of a PRG using MS-CT BM, as opposed to FPRG, is currently justified in challenging cases despite a lower incidence of major complications. However, further well-designed prospective multicenter studies are needed to determine the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of these two modalities.
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PURPOSE: This study investigated strategies to reduce pneumothorax risk in CT-guided lung biopsy. The approach involved administering 10 ml of 1 % lidocaine fluid in the subpleural or pleural space before lung puncture and utilizing the gravitational effect of pleural pressure with specific patient positioning. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed 72 percutaneous CT-guided lung biopsies performed at a single center between January 2020 and April 2023. These were grouped based on fluid administration during the biopsy and whether the biopsies were conducted in dependent or non-dependent lung regions. Confounding factors like patient demographics, lesion characteristics, and procedural details were assessed. Patient characteristics and the occurrence of pneumothoraces were compared using a Kurskal-Wallis test for continuous variables and a Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify potential confounders. RESULTS: Subpleural or pleural fluid administration and performing biopsies in dependent lung areas were significantly linked to lower peri-interventional pneumothorax incidence (n = 15; 65 % without fluid in non-dependent areas, n = 5; 42 % without fluid in dependent areas, n = 5; 36 % with fluid in non-dependent areas,n = 0; 0 % with fluid in dependent areas; p = .001). Even after adjusting for various factors, biopsy in dependent areas and fluid administration remained independently associated with reduced pneumothorax risk (OR 0.071, p<=.01 for lesions with fluid administration; OR 0.077, p = .016 for lesions in dependent areas). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-puncture fluid administration to the pleura and consideration of gravitational effects during patient positioning can effectively decrease pneumothorax occurrences in CT-guided lung biopsy.
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Biópsia Guiada por Imagem , Pleura , Pneumotórax , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Pneumotórax/prevenção & controle , Pneumotórax/etiologia , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/métodos , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pleura/patologia , Pleura/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Pulmão/patologia , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Intervencionista/métodos , Gravitação , Lidocaína/administração & dosagem , Posicionamento do Paciente/métodos , Adulto , Pressão , PunçõesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to evaluate uterine artery embolization (UAE) for the management of symptomatic uterine leiomyomas regarding changes in quality of life after treatment in a large patient collective. This study retrospectively analyzed prospectively acquired standardized questionnaires of patients treated with UAE. Clinical success was evaluated before and after embolization. Patients were stratified into short- (≤ 7 months) and long-term (> 7 months) follow-up groups depending on the time of completion of the post-interventional questionnaire. Uterine leiomyomas were furthermore divided into small (< 10 cm) and large (≥ 10 cm) tumors based on the diameter of the dominant fibroid. RESULTS: A total of 245 patients were included into the final data analysis. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a cumulative clinical success rate of 75.8% after 70 months until the end of follow-up (9.9 years). All questionnaire subscales showed a highly significant clinical improvement from baseline to short- and long-term follow-up (p < 0.001). Patients with small fibroids showed a significantly better response to UAE in multiple subcategories of the questionnaire than patients with fibroids ≥ 10 cm who had a twofold higher probability of re-intervention in the Cox-regression model. CONCLUSIONS: UAE is an effective treatment method for symptomatic fibroids that leads to quick relief of fibroid-related symptoms with marked improvement of quality of life and is associated with a low risk for re-interventions. Patients with small fibroids tend to show a better response to UAE compared to patients with large fibroids. Trial registration Charité institutional review board, EA4/167/20. Registered 27 November 2020-Retrospectively registered. https://ethikkommission.charite.de/.
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine if a long versus short interval between preoperative uterine artery embolization (PUAE) and subsequent myomectomy impact perioperative blood loss and the complication rate in cases of enlarged multi-fibroid uterus. DESIGN: In cases of an enlarged multi-fibroid uterus, operative myomectomy can lead to heavy blood loss and consequently increases the risk for transfusion and hysterectomy. PUAE can possibly contribute to a reduction of these risks. Our study was designed to determine if a long versus short interval between PUAE and subsequent surgery impacts perioperative blood loss and complication rate. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: PUAE was performed 24 h before the planned myoma enucleation in 21 patients between January 2011 and March 2016 (group 1) or 19 days before the operation in 23 patients from March 2016 to May 2018 (group 2). A comparison was made to a historical sample of 57 patients with large myomas (>10 cm) without PUAE (group 3). Perioperative blood loss, need for postoperative blood transfusion, and postoperative complications were recorded. Subjective improvement of myoma-related symptoms was assessed for each group by a questionnaire. RESULTS: PUAE was carried out successfully without complications in all patients. Conversion to hysterectomy was not needed in any of the PUAE patients but was necessary in one of the control patients. In the three groups' comparison, there was a significant lower risk for high blood loss (≥500 mL) in group 1 and a lower but not significant lower risk in group 2 compared to group 3 without an embolization preoperatively. Also, a significant lower risk for postoperative blood transfusion for group 1 (OR 0.02; 0.001-0.328; p = 0.01) and 2 (OR 0.02; 0.001-0.277; p = 0.01) compared to group 3 was observed. The postoperative complication risk was lower in group 2 (model 1: OR 0.12; 0.016-0.848; p = 0.03; model 2 OR 0.07; 0.009-0.588; p = 0.01) compared to group 3. In the context of the postoperative questionnaire, 10 of 11 patients in group 1, 12 of 12 patients in group 2, and 31 of 36 patients from the control group reported an improvement of their complaints. CONCLUSION: PUAE is beneficial for uterus-preserving removal of myomas from patients with a substantially enlarged uterus. There is a significant reduction of high blood loss (≥500 mL), need for postoperative blood transfusion, and postoperative complications in patients with extensive fibroid disease after PUAE compared to no intervention before myoma enucleation.
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Leiomioma , Mioma , Embolização da Artéria Uterina , Miomectomia Uterina , Neoplasias Uterinas , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica , Feminino , Humanos , Leiomioma/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Anormalidades Urogenitais , Miomectomia Uterina/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Uterinas/cirurgia , Útero/anormalidades , Útero/irrigação sanguínea , Útero/cirurgiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To quantify the occurrence of tumor seeding in computed tomography (CT)-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) and to identify potential risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT-HDRBT is a minimally invasive therapeutic option for local ablation of unresectable tumors. The procedure involves CT-guided placement of an enclosed catheter and high-dose-rate brachytherapy using iridium-192. Transcutaneous puncture of a tumor with subsequent retraction of the applicator has the potential risk of tumor seeding along the puncture tract. A total of 1,765 consecutive CT-HDRBT procedures were performed at this center between 2006 and 2017 and were retrospectively analyzed. In addition, a distinction was made between whether the puncture tract was irradiated or not. Follow-up imaging datasets were evaluated for tumor seeding along the former puncture tracts. Descriptive and exploratory statistical analyses of the data were performed. RESULTS: Tumor seeding was observed in 25 cases (25 of 1,765 cases [1.5%]). A total of 0.008 cases occurred per person-age. Patient age was identified as a potential risk factor with an odds ratio of 1.046 (95% confidence interval, 1.003-1.091; P = .04). There were no differences between whether the puncture tract was irradiated or not (P = .552). CONCLUSIONS: Tumor seeding along the puncture tract can occur in CT-HDRBT but is rare.
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Braquiterapia , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/radioterapia , Radioisótopos de Irídio/administração & dosagem , Inoculação de Neoplasia , Doses de Radiação , Exposição à Radiação , Radiografia Intervencionista , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/administração & dosagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Braquiterapia/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Radioisótopos de Irídio/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Punções , Exposição à Radiação/efeitos adversos , Radiografia Intervencionista/efeitos adversos , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/efeitos adversos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: For local ablation of unresectable tumors, computed tomography-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic option involving CT-guided catheter placement and high-dose-rate irradiation with iridium-192. Possible complications are related to transcutaneous puncture, retraction of the applicator, and delivery of brachytherapy. To classify CT-HDRBT in comparison with other minimally invasive therapeutic options, it is essential to know the probability of complications and their risk factors. This study therefore aimed at quantifying the occurrence of complications in CT-HDRBT and identifying potential risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a period of more than 10 years from 2006 to 2017, 1877 consecutive CT-HDRBTs were performed at our center and retrospectively analyzed. In 165 cases, CT-HDRBT was combined with transarterial (chemo-) embolization. Information on complications and potential risk factors was retrospectively retrieved from electronic documentation. Statistical analysis of the data was performed. RESULTS: No complications occurred in 85.6% of the interventions. The most common complications were bleeding (5.6%), infection (2.0%), and prolonged pain (1.5%). Summarized diameter (defined as sum of maximum diameters in axial orientation) of treated tumor lesions (odds ratio 1.008; p < 0.001), target lesion site (odds ratio 1.132; p = 0.033), combined treatment (odds ratio 1.233; p = 0.038), and the presence of biliodigestive anastomosis (BDA) (odds ratio 1.824; p = 0.025) were identified as risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: CT-HDRBT is a safe minimally invasive therapeutic option. Summarized diameter of treated tumor lesions, target lesion site, combined treatment, and presence of BDA are risk factors for complications.
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Braquiterapia/métodos , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Radiografia Intervencionista/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Idoso , Braquiterapia/efeitos adversos , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Feminino , Hemorragia/etiologia , Humanos , Infecções/etiologia , Radioisótopos de Irídio , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: In this study, pre-treatment target lesion vascularisation in either contrast-enhanced (CE) CT or MRI and post-treatment lipiodol deposition in native CT scans were compared in HCC patients who underwent their first cTACE treatment. We analysed the impact of stratification according to cTACE selectivity on these correlations. METHODS: Seventy-eight HCC patients who underwent their first cTACE procedure were retrospectively included. Pre-treatment tumour vascularisation in arterial contrast phase and post-treatment lipiodol deposition in native CT scans were evaluated using the qEASL (quantitative tumour enhancement) method. Correlations were analysed using scatter plots, the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) and linear regression analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed according to lobar, segmental and subsegmental execution of cTACE. RESULTS: Arterial tumour volumes in both baseline CE CT (R2 = 0.83) and CE MR (R2 = 0.82) highly correlated with lipiodol deposition after cTACE. The regression coefficient between lipiodol deposition and enhancing tumour volume was 1.39 for CT and 0.33 for MR respectively, resulting in a ratio of 4.24. After stratification according to selectivity of cTACE, the regression coefficient was 0.94 (R2 = 1) for lobar execution, 1.38 (R2 = 0.96) for segmental execution and 1.88 (R2 = 0.89) for subsegmental execution in the CE CT group. CONCLUSIONS: Volumetric lipiodol deposition can be used as a reference to compare different imaging modalities in detecting vital tumour volumes. That approach proved CE MRI to be more sensitive than CE CT. Selectivity of cTACE significantly impacts the respective regression coefficients which allows for an innovative approach to the assessment of technical success after cTACE with a multitude of possible applications. KEY POINTS: ⢠Lipiodol deposition after cTACE highly correlates with pre-treatment tumour vascularisation and can be used as a reference to compare different imaging modalities in detecting vital tumour volumes. ⢠Lipiodol deposition also correlates with the selectivity of cTACE and can therefore be used to quantify the technical success of the intervention.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Óleo Etiodado/farmacologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Artérias/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/irrigação sanguínea , Meios de Contraste/farmacologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Carga TumoralRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate feasibility and safety of combined irinotecan chemoembolization and CT-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases > 3 cm in diameter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study included 23 patients (age, 70 y ± 11.3; 16 men) with 47 liver metastases (size, 62 mm ± 18.7). Catheter-related adverse events were reported per Society of Interventional Radiology classification, and treatment toxicities were reported per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Liver-related blood values were analyzed by Wilcoxon test, with P < .05 as significant. Time to local tumor progression, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: No catheter-related major or minor complications were recorded. Significant differences vs baseline levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT; both P < .001), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT; P = .013), and hemoglobin (P = .014) were recorded. After therapy, 11 of 23 patients (47.8%) presented with new grade I/II toxicities (bilirubin, n = 3 [13%]; AST, n = 16 [70%]; ALT, n = 18 [78%]; ALP, n = 12 [52%] and hemoglobin, n = 15 [65%]). Moreover, grade III/IV toxicities developed in 10 (43.5%; 1 grade IV): AST, n = 6 (26%), grade III, n = 5; grade IV, n = 1; ALT, n = 3 (13%); GGT, n = 7 (30%); and hemoglobin, n = 1 (4%). However, all new toxicities resolved within 3 months after therapy without additional treatment. Median local tumor control, PFS, and OS were 6, 4, and 8 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Combined irinotecan chemoembolization and CT-guided HDRBT is safe and shows a low incidence of toxicities, which were self-resolving.
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Braquiterapia , Quimioembolização Terapêutica , Quimiorradioterapia , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Irinotecano/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Inibidores da Topoisomerase I/administração & dosagem , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Braquiterapia/efeitos adversos , Braquiterapia/mortalidade , Quimioembolização Terapêutica/efeitos adversos , Quimioembolização Terapêutica/mortalidade , Quimiorradioterapia/efeitos adversos , Quimiorradioterapia/mortalidade , Neoplasias Colorretais/mortalidade , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Irinotecano/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Masculino , Microesferas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Intervalo Livre de Progressão , Estudos Prospectivos , Doses de Radiação , Fatores de Tempo , Inibidores da Topoisomerase I/efeitos adversos , Carga TumoralRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIM: Treatment of patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains challenging and survival in advanced tumor stages is limited. This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of embolization followed by computed tomography (CT)-guided interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) in patients with unresectable HCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 47 patients undergoing CT-HDRBT were divided into 2 groups: i) patients previously treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and ii) patients treated with bland transarterial embolization (TAE). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), while secondary endpoints were the time to progression (TTP) and the local progression rate. RESULTS: A total of 78 lesions were treated. The mean size of the main tumors was 58.3 mm. The median OS in TACE and TAE groups was 28.9 months and 32.3 months, respectively (p=NS). The median OS of patients classified as BCLC stage A using the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification system (BCLC) was 32.3 months, while the median OS of patients in BCLC stage B and C was 36.9 and 17.7 months, respectively. The local progression rate was 7.7% (6/78), with no statistically significant difference between TACE and TAE. The median TTP was significantly longer in the TACE group compared to the TAE group (11.7 months and 10.3 months, respectively). CONCLUSION: Treatment with transarterial embolization and subsequent CT-HDRBT leads to a very promising survival rate for patients with unresectable HCC.
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Braquiterapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Quimioembolização Terapêutica , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Taxa de Sobrevida , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
PURPOSE: To validate a split-bolus contrast injection protocol for single-phase CBCT in terms of detectability of hypovascular liver tumors compared to digital subtraction angiography (DSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective, single-center study, 20 consecutive patients with in total 77 hypovascularized tumors referred for intra-arterial therapy received a split-bolus single-phase CBCT. Two readers rated the visibility of the target tumors scheduled for embolization in CBCT and DSA compared to the pre-interventional multiphasic CT or MRI used as reference on a 3-point scoring system (1 = optimal, 3 = not visible) and catheter-associated artifacts (1 = none, 3 = extended). SNR, CNR and contrast values were derived from 37 target tumors in CBCT and MRI. Statistical analysis included the kappa test to determine interrater reliability, the Friedman's test for the inter-modality comparison evaluating tumor visibility in DSA and CBCT as well as for quantitative assessment. Post hoc analysis included the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. p values < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Ninety percentage of target tumors were rated as visible in CBCT and 37.5% in DSA (p < 0.001). 70.1% of pre-interventionally detected hypovascularized tumors were depicted with CBCT and 31.2% by DSA (p < 0.001). 7.8% of known tumors were outside the FOV. Quantitative assessment showed higher image contrasts in CBCT (1.91 ± 7.01) compared to hepatobiliary-phase MRI (0.29 ± 0.14, p = 0.003) and to portal-venous (p.v.) MRI (0.31 ± 0.13, p < 0.001), but higher CNR for MRI (1.18 ± 0.80; 13.92 ± 15.82; 13.79 ± 6.65). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the split-bolus single-phase CBCT detects significantly more hypovascularized liver tumors compared to DSA performed through the proper hepatic artery with high image contrasts. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, diagnostic study.
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Quimioembolização Terapêutica/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Meios de Contraste , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Intensificação de Imagem Radiográfica/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Angiografia Digital/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/irrigação sanguínea , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Minimal invasive local therapies are alternative treatment options in patients with primary and metastatic lung malignancies being not eligible for resection. However, thermal ablations are often limited by large tumour volumes. PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of CT-HDRBT in pulmonary tumours ≥4 cm compared to smaller tumours. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 74 consecutive patients (mean age: 63 ± 12; m: 39, w: 35) with a total of 175 tumours treated in 132 interventions were enrolled between October 2003 and September 2016. Primary and assisted local tumour control (LTC), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after first CT-HDBRT were identified for two subgroups with tumours <4 cm (A) as well as ≥4 cm (B) using the Kaplan-Meier-Method. Radiation parameters and side effects were recorded. Log-Rank-Test and Mann-Whitney-U-Test were performed for statistical analyses with p-values <0.05 considered as significant. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in coverage with prescribed radiation dose (A:19.78 ± 8.62 mm (range 5-39 mm), 99.56 ± 0.99%; B:61.70 ± 21.09 mm (41-100 mm), 94.81 ± 7.19%, p = 0.263). LTC rates after 0.5-,1-,2-,3- and 5-years were higher in A compared to B (A:85%/74%/63%/60%/46%, B:71%/37%/32%/32%/32%) with longer primary (A:11months, B:5months, p = 0.003) and assisted LTC (A:9months B:20months, p = 0.339). Longer OS was observed in A (A:18.5months, B:14.5months, p = 0.011) with longer OS rates (A:96%/87%/60%/48%/19%, B:92%/73%/20%/20%/0%). Complication assessment revealed no bleedings, 16.6% pneumothoraxes and 48.5% of mild radiation fibrosis without clinical symptoms. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, higher LTC and OS were observed in patients with primary lung malignancies <4 cm. Nevertheless, CT-HDRBT is a safe and feasible alternative even in larger tumours ≥4 cm.
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Braquiterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia , Progressão da Doença , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Radiografia Intervencionista , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Radioterapia Guiada por Imagem/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIM: Thermal-ablative therapies are limited to tumors of 3-4 cm diameter. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the local tumor control (LTC) of CT-guided High-Dose-Rate-Brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) for ablation of cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) ≥4 cm compared to smaller tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-one patients (tumors: 142, interventions: 91) were treated from March 2008 to January 2017. LTC, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after first CT-HDRBT were identified for two subgroups (A:<4 cm, B:≥4 cm) and the influence of coverage and target-dose were evaluated. Log-Rank- and Mann-Whitney-U-Tests were performed for statistical analyses with p-values <0.05 considered as significant. RESULTS: Better coverage was achieved for smaller tumors (A: 99.22-0.25%, B: 95.10-1.40%, p<0.001). LTC was better in subgroup A (A: 8, B: 6 months, p=0.006). Larger tumors (4-7 cm) with incomplete coverage showed the poorest LTC (p=0.032). There were no statistical significances in PFS (A: 5, B: 3 months, p=0.597) and OS (A:15.5; B:10.0 months, p=0.107). CONCLUSION: CT-HDRBT is sufficient in CCA ≥4 cm, if full coverage with therapeutic doses can be achieved.
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Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/radioterapia , Braquiterapia , Colangiocarcinoma/radioterapia , Radioisótopos de Irídio/uso terapêutico , Planejamento da Radioterapia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Radioterapia Guiada por Imagem/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Idoso , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/patologia , Colangiocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Colangiocarcinoma/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Prognóstico , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Purpose of this paper to present results of a group of 21 consecutive patients who underwent uterine artery embolization (UAE) immediately before myomectomy. Surgical myomectomy can lead to a substantial blood loss in case of large or multiple tumors due to the hypervascularization of the tumors. This may lead to multiple blood transfusion or hysterectomy. In cases were the preservation of the uterus is demanded, pre-operative embolization could reduce the risk of substantial bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2011 and March 2016, 21 patients underwent UAE 24 hours before myomectomy. All patients were asked by questionnaire about post-surgical follow-up, complications, the length of the scar, satisfaction and improvement of symptoms. Data of the operation and embolization were retrospectively assessed. RESULTS: UAE could be performed in all patients without complications. Mean diameter of the largest myoma was 12.7â±â3.2âcm, primary preservation of the uterus succeeded in all cases. In none of the cases a perioperative blood transfusion was necessary. One patient underwent hysterectomy in another hospital after primary successful resection, one patient received transfusion of 2 bags of red blood cell concentrate during her stay in hospital.11 of 21 patients responded to the questionnaire. 10 of 11 had subjective symptom improvement. Mean inability to work was 31 days, the mean self-measured length was 12âcm. 9 of 11 patients would recommend the procedure, one patient was in the second trimester of pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Preoperative uterine artery embolization facilitates a safe and uterus-preserving myomectomy in patients with very large or multiple fibroids. KEY POINTS: · Uterus-preserving myomectomy can be used in cases of large uteri or with multiple fibroids with low amount of blood loss.. · The combination of preoperative embolization and subsequent myomectomy may be a therapeutic option in cases of infertility due to a fibroid-induced uterine deformation.. · Good interdisciplinary cooperation is essential for sustainable results in this complex group of patients.. CITATION FORMAT: · Schnapauff D, Russ M, Kröncke T etâal. Analysis of presurgical uterine artery embolization (PUAE) for very large uterus myomatosus; patient's desire to preserve the uterus; case series and literature review. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2018; 190: 616â-â622.
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Leiomioma/cirurgia , Preferência do Paciente , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Embolização da Artéria Uterina/métodos , Miomectomia Uterina/métodos , Neoplasias Uterinas/cirurgia , Adulto , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Leiomioma/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tamanho do Órgão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Uterinas/patologia , Útero/irrigação sanguíneaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Totally implantable central venous port systems provide a safe and effective, long-term means of access for administration of hyperosmolar, local irritant medication, such as chemotherapy, antibiotics and parenteral nutrition. AIM: To evaluate the combination of access site and level of experience on fluoroscopy times (FT) and dose area products (DAP) during implantation of port catheters in a large patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,870 patients (992 women, 878 men; age: 61±13.14 years) were reviewed investigating two groups of junior (≤50 implantations) and senior (>50) radiologists. RESULTS: Senior radiologists required less FT/DAP (0.24 s/57.3 µGy m2 versus 0.43 s/68.2 µGy m2, respectively; p<0.001). Right jugular vein access required the least FT/DAP (0.25 s/56.15 µGy m2) and right-sided implantation lower FT/DAP (right: 0.26 s/56.4 µGy m2, left: 0.40 s/85.10 µGy m2, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Due to DAP/FT reductions, the right jugular vein seems to be the most favorable implantation side for port systems. For further dose reduction, residents should be well-trained.
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Cateterismo Venoso Central/métodos , Cateteres de Demora , Fluoroscopia/métodos , Veias Jugulares , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Punções , Doses de Radiação , Exposição à Radiação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Background Several interventional procedures show a dependency on fluoroscopy times (FT) and level of training. Furthermore, FT and dose area products (DAP) vary depending on access site and target vessel for chest port implantations, but not for other thoracic interventions such as percutaneous coronary interventions. Purpose To evaluate the influence of the combination of venous access site and level of training on FTs and DAPs during peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) implantations in a large cohort of patients. Material and Methods In this retrospective study, PICC implantations of 681 consecutive patients (385 women, 296 men; mean age = 55.0 ± 16.7 years) were analyzed. Two groups of junior (< 50 interventions) and senior (≥ 50 implantations) radiologists were investigated in respect to FT and DAP during PICC placement procedures. Statistical analysis included the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results Senior radiologists required significantly less FT (senior = 0.43 s, junior = 0.53 s, P = 0.041), but there was no significant difference in DAPs (senior = 56.3 µGy*m2, junior = 60.6 µGy*m2, P = 0.151). PICC implantations through the left side resulted in a significant reduction of the median FT by 60.9% (left = 0.45 s, right = 1.15 s, P = 0.010). Conclusion Due to considerable dose reduction, the left-sided puncture, especially via the basilic and brachial veins, performed by well-trained interventional radiologists seem to be the preferable approach for PICCs.
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Cateterismo Venoso Central/métodos , Cateterismo Periférico , Competência Clínica , Fluoroscopia , Exposição à Radiação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Punções , Doses de Radiação , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
PURPOSE: Portal vein embolization (PVE) is applied in patients with extended oncologic liver disease to induce hyperplasia of the future liver remnant and make resection feasible. Ultrasound (US) guidance is the gold standard for percutaneous portal vein access. This study evaluated feasibility and safety of C-arm cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for needle guidance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 10 patients, puncture was performed under 3D needle guidance in a CBCT data set. Contrast-enhanced (CE) CBCT was generated (n = 7), or native CBCT was registered to pre-examination CE-CT via image fusion (n = 3). Technical success, number of punctures, puncture time (time between CBCT acquisition and successful portal vein access), dose parameters and safety were evaluated. For comparison, 10 patients with PVE under US guidance were analyzed retrospectively. Study and control group were matched for age, BMI, INR, platelets, portal vein anatomy. RESULTS: All interventions were technically successful without intervention-related complications. In the study group, the mean number of puncture attempts was 3.1 ± 2.5. Mean puncture time was 12 min (±10). Mean total dose area product (DAP) was 288 Gy cm2 (±154). The mean relative share of CBCT-related radiation exposure was 6% (±3). Intervention times and DAP were slightly higher compared to the control group without reaching significance. CONCLUSION: CBCT-guided PVE is feasible and safe. The relative dose of CBCT is low compared to the overall dose of the intervention. This technique may be a promising approach for difficult anatomic situations that limit the use of US for needle guidance.
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Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Hepatopatias/terapia , Veia Porta/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Punções/métodos , Radiografia Intervencionista/métodos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate detectability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using split-bolus cone-beam CT in intraindividual comparison between cone-beam CT and contrast-enhanced MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a retrospective, single-center study, 28 patients with 85 HCC tumors were treated with transarterial chemoembolization between May 2015 and June 2016. All patients underwent arterial and hepatobiliary phase (HBP) MR imaging within 1 month before transarterial chemoembolization. Cone-beam CT images were acquired using a split-bolus contrast injection with 2 contrast injections and 1 cone-beam CT acquisition. Statistical analyses included Friedman 2-way analysis, Kendall coefficient of concordance, and Wilcoxon test. Tumor detectability was scored using a 5-point system (1 = best; 5 = worst) by 2 independent readers resulting in 170 evaluated tumors. Quantitative analysis included signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratio and contrast measurements. P values < .05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Better tumor detection was provided with split-bolus cone-beam CT (2.91/2.73) and HBP MR imaging (2.93/2.21) compared with arterial MR imaging (3.72/3.05; P < .001) without statistical difference between cone-beam CT and HBP MR imaging in terms of detectability (P = .154) and sensitivity for hypervascularized tumors. More tumors were identified on cone-beam CT (n = 121/170) than on arterial MR imaging (n = 94/170). Average contrast-to-noise ratio values of arterial and HBP MR imaging were higher than for cone-beam CT (7.79, 8.58, 4.43), whereas contrast values were higher for cone-beam CT than for MR imaging (0.11, 0.13, 0.97). CONCLUSIONS: Split-bolus cone-beam CT showed excellent detectability of HCC. Sensitivity is comparable to HBP MR imaging and better than arterial phase MR imaging.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Quimioembolização Terapêutica/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Meios de Contraste/administração & dosagem , Gadolínio DTPA/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: CT-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) is an interventional radiologic technique for local ablation of primary and secondary malignomas applying a radiation source through a brachycatheter percutaneously into the targeted lesion. The aim of this study was to assess local tumor control, safety and efficacy of CT-HDRBT in the treatment of liver metastases of pancreatic cancer. METHODS: Twenty consecutive patients with 49 unresectable liver metastases of pancreatic cancer were included in this retrospective trial and treated with CT-HDRBT, applied as a single fraction high-dose irradiation (15-20 Gy) using a 192Ir-source. Primary endpoint was local tumor control and secondary endpoints were complications, progression-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS: The mean tumor diameter was 29 mm (range 10-73). The mean irradiation time was 20 minutes (range 7-42). The mean coverage of the clinical target volume was 98% (range 88%-100%). The mean D100 was 18.1 Gy and the median D100 was 19.78 Gy. Three major complications occurred with post-interventional abscesses, three of which were seen in 15 patients with biliodigestive anastomosis (20%) and overall 15%. The mean follow-up time was 13.7 months (range 1.4-55.0). The median progression-free survival was 4.9 months (range 1.4-42.9, mean 9.4). Local recurrence occurred in 5 (10%) of 49 metastases treated. The median overall survival after CT-HDRBT was 8.6 months (range 1.5-55.3). Eleven patients received chemotherapy after ablation with a median progression-free survival of 4.9 months (mean 12.9). Nine patients did not receive chemotherapy after intervention with a median progression-free survival of 3.2 months (mean 5.0). The rate of local tumor control was 91% in both groups after 12 months. CONCLUSION: CT-HDRBT was safe and effective for the treatment of liver metastases of pancreatic cancer.
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Adenocarcinoma/radioterapia , Braquiterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/secundário , Adulto , Idoso , Braquiterapia/efeitos adversos , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Progressão da Doença , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Radioisótopos de Irídio/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Radiologia Intervencionista , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Planejamento da Radioterapia Assistida por Computador , Radioterapia Guiada por Imagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is established as bridging therapy of HCC listed for transplantation (LT). CT-guided brachytherapy (CTB) has not been evaluated as a bridging concept. We compared CTB and TACE for bridging before LT in HCC patients. METHODS: Twelve patients with HCC received LT after CTB (minimal tumour dose, 15-20 Gy). Patients were matched (CTB:TACE, 1:2) by sex, age, number and size of lesions, and underlying liver disease with patients who received TACE before transplantation. Study endpoints were extent of necrosis at histopathology and recurrence rate after OLT. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the CTB and TACE groups regarding Child-Pugh category (p = 0.732), AFP (0.765), time on waiting list (p = 0.659), number (p = 0.698) and size (p = 0.853) of HCC lesions, fulfilment of Milan-criteria (p = 0.638), or previous liver-specific treatments. CTB achieved higher tumour necrosis rates than TACE (p = 0.018). The 1- and 3-year recurrence rate in the CTB group was 10 and 10 % vs. TACE, 14 and 30 % (p = 0.292). CONCLUSIONS: Our data show comparable or even better response and post-LT recurrence rates of CTB compared to TACE for treating HCC in patients prior to LT. CTB should be further evaluated as an alternative bridging modality, especially for patients not suited for TACE. KEY POINTS: ⢠CT-guided interstitial brachytherapy (CTB) is a promising alternative to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). ⢠CTB instead of TACE is possible for bridging to liver transplantation in HCC patients. ⢠HCC recurrence was not associated with CTB despite potential tumour seeding.
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Braquiterapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/radioterapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapia , Transplante de Fígado , Radiografia Intervencionista , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
AIM: Prevalence of patients with unresectable recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after previous resection is rising. The purpose of this study was to determine survival of patients undergoing computed tomography-guided brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Altogether 19 patients with unresectable HCC recurrence were treated with CT-HDRBT at our Institution. Patients underwent single-fraction high-dose irradiation by an iridium-192 source after CT fluoroscopy-guided catheter placement. The median tumor-enclosing target dose was 20 Gy. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 33 months. According to the Kaplan-Meier method, median overall survival after CT-HDRBT was 50 months, and median survival after first hepatic resection was 87 months. The median duration of local tumor control was 32 months and time to disease progression was 20 months. There were no serious complications after CT-HDRBT and no treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSION: CT-HDRBT is a safe, potentially life prolonging technique in patients with recurrence of HCC who have few therapeutic options.