RESUMO
Predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in high-risk neonates remains challenging despite advances in neonatal care. Early and accurate characterization of infants at risk for neurodevelopmental delays is necessary to best identify those who may benefit from existing early interventions and novel therapies that become available. Although neuroimaging is a promising biomarker in the prediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes in high-risk infants, it requires additional resources and expertise. Despite many advances in neonatal neuroimaging, there remain limitations in relating early neuroimaging findings with long-term outcomes; further studies are necessary to determine the optimal protocols to best identify high-risk patients and improve neurodevelopmental outcome prediction.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragias Intracranianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Leucomalácia Periventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Ecoencefalografia , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea , Cardiopatias Congênitas/cirurgia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Neuroimagem , Prognóstico , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório do Recém-Nascido/terapia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Substância Branca/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Prenatal diagnosis has changed perinatal medicine dramatically, allowing for additional fetal monitoring, referral and counseling, delivery planning, the option of fetal intervention, and targeted postnatal management. Teams participating in the delivery room care of infants with known anomalies should be knowledgeable about specific needs and expectations but also ready for unexpected complications. A small number of neonates will need rapid access to postnatal interventions, such as surgery, but most can be stabilized with appropriate neonatal care. These targeted perinatal interventions have been shown to improve outcome in selected diagnoses.