RESUMO
Infrared spectroscopic imaging with 6-10 microm spatial resolution was used to characterize the changes in fracture callus mineral content, carbonate content, mineral crystallinity, and collagen maturity in femurs of 3-month-old ovariectomized rats treated with estrogen (estrogen sufficiency) or vehicle (estrogen deficiency). Comparisons were also made in these animals to cortical bone at a distance from the callus. Analyses at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post fracture demonstrated that healing was accelerated in the estrogen-sufficient animals as demonstrated by increasing mineral content and collagen maturity and decreasing carbonate incorporation.
Assuntos
Calcificação Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Estrogênios/administração & dosagem , Estrogênios/deficiência , Fraturas do Fêmur/patologia , Fraturas do Fêmur/fisiopatologia , Consolidação da Fratura/efeitos dos fármacos , Consolidação da Fratura/fisiologia , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Animais , Feminino , Fraturas do Fêmur/tratamento farmacológico , Ovariectomia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
Osteoporosis is characterized by low-energy fractures resulting from inadequate bone mass and compromised microarchicture. Bone mass is maximized by adequate nutrition and calcium intake, normal menstrual cycles, and appropriate exercises. Low bone density, as determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and high bone turnover, as characterized by elevated bone collagen breakdown products, are the primary indicators of bone fragility. Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis should emphasize adequate calcium and vitamin D intake and exercise. In addition, estrogen supplementation and selective estrogen receptor modulators (estrogen antagonists) can enhance bone mass and decrease the risk of spinal fractures, oral and intravenous bisphosphonates can significantly decrease the incidence of both spinal and hip fractures, and antiosteoporotic agents can help rebuild healthy bone.