[Recombinant α-2 interferon in preventing the progression of melanoma].

A brief history of interferon application in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma is represented.

[Potential of prevention of metastasizing with the aid of tumor-specific transfer-factor].

The report discusses our experimental data in support of biotherapy which uses chemotherapy and antitumor immune treatment with in vivo xenogenic transfer-factor polypeptides (TFP) isolated from lymphocytes sensitized to antigens of given tumor. After excision of primary tumor--lung carcinoma of Lewis--mice C57BL/6 were injected intraperitoneally with xenogenic TFP (200 pg/body, twice) and a cytostaic dose of cyclophosphamide. Such adjuvant chemotherapy was found to prevent metastases from spreading to the lung in 100%. The marked anti-metastatic effect of the treatment correlated with recovery of splenic cell mass and its cellular structure, higher levels of large granular lymphocytes in peripheral blood and enhanced functional activity of cytotoxic cells in vitro. Our results point to a possibility of raising efficacy of treating solid malignancies with adjuvant chemotherapy in combination with adoptive immune therapy.

[Inhibition of tumor growth in rat liver induced by tumor-specific transfer factor].

A transfer factor (TF) specific to antigens of Geren's carcinoma in rat was developed using an original model of intraorganic growth. Intravenous injection (1pg/g body) inhibited primary tumor node growth in the liver by 78% and blocked dissemination to peritoneal viscera. Its effect was due to an immunospecific component promoting antitumor immunological response. The latter presented as generation of cytotoxic effector cells, vascular disorders in tumor parenchyma thus blocking tumor cell proliferation. Possible applications of tumor-specific TF for biotherapy of cancer patients are discussed.

[Antitumor immunity transfer by a factor isolated from lymphocytes of tumor bearer].

Low-molecular extracts (LMEs) of lymphocytes were obtained from spleen of noninbred rats using our experimental model of intraorganic growth of Guerin's carcinoma. They were intended to transfer immune reaction to tumor antigens in vitro. It was LMEs developed prior to tumor progression in spleen that showed immunospecific activity with respect to tumor cells. Also, they had marked antigen-independent immunopharmacological activity. Single intravenous injection of LMEs100 pg given on day 7 of tumor growth stimulated antitumor resistance in intact rats within a short time. It prevented tumor cells engrafting in 60% of tumors. A tumor-specific factor has been evolved capable of immune reaction transfer to tumor antigens in vitro thus preventing tumorigenesis in recipients in vivo.

[Morphological changes in immunogenesis organs in transplantation of Guerin carcinoma to the spleen]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia v organakh immunogeneza pri transplantatsii kartsinomy Gerena v selezenku.

The study was made in 30 male Wistar rats (b.m. 110+/-10 g) with transplanted Guerin carcinoma to their spleen. Morphological changes in the tumour, spleen, thymus and mesenteric lymph nodes on tumour growth day 7, 10, 14, 18, 22, 25 were studied. The elaborated experimental model of tumour growth in the spleen allowed to detect tumor-specific changes in organs of immunogenesis as well as the dynamics of their development. The findings show possibility of renewal of both cellular content in the tumour-activation of proliferation, and in tissue of the spleen-blast transformation with predominance of lymphoblasts. Morphologic changes in the thymus and regional lymph nodes are different this meaning that changes in the organs of immunogenesis are not of a systemic character, their reaction to the presence of tumour in organism is not always the same and has its own features.

[Immune response in non-inbred rats after implantation of Geren carcinoma into their spleens]. / Immunologicheskaia reaktivnost' u nelineinykh krys na modeli vnutriselëzenochnogo rosta kartsinomy Gerena.

Formation of specific immune response of Geren's carcinoma (GC) versus its biological properties was studied in non-inbred rat spleen. GC growth was accompanied by mounting immune response to tumor-associated antigens (TAA) which was evaluated by macrophage adherence inhibition test. Increase in cell-mediated response to such antigens passed through stages determined by the peculiarities of GC growth in spleen tissues. Immune response to TAA was reported in half the animals as the cells were taking. Enhanced proliferative pool of tumor, aneuploidy and DNA index offset by the low level of apoptosis were characteristic of tumor progression stage. The combination of those factors served as a backdrop for immunologic tolerance development in all the animals. Immune response resurfaced as apoptosis intensified during generalized tumor growth when cell proliferation in the parenchyme declined.

[The clinico-immunological characteristics of myasthenia patients]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskaia kharakteristika bol'nykh miasteniei.

Data are submitted of examination of 480 patients with myasthenia. The host protective mechanisms were studied, with the immunodeficiency (both cellular and humoral) having been ascertained. The above event were found out to be associated with severity of myasthenia, being more apparent in gravely ill patients.