Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

The analysis of dietary patterns has recently drawn considerable attention as a method of investigating the association between the overall whole diet and the risk of colorectal cancer. However, the results have yielded conflicting findings. Here, we carried out a meta-analysis to identify the association between dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer. A total of 40 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The highest category of 'healthy' dietary pattern compared with the lowest category was apparently associated with a decreased risk for colorectal cancer [odds ratio (OR)=0.75; confidence interval (CI): 0.68-0.83; P<0.00001]. An increased risk of colorectal cancer was shown for the highest compared with the lowest category of a 'western-style' dietary pattern (OR=1.40; CI: 1.26-1.56; P<0.00001). There was an increased risk of colorectal cancer in the highest compared with the lowest category of 'alcohol-consumption' pattern (OR=1.44; CI: 1.13-1.82; P=0.003). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that a 'healthy' dietary pattern may decrease the risk of colorectal cancer, whereas 'western-style' and 'alcohol-consumption' patterns may increase the risk of colorectal cancer.

Dietary patterns and endometrial cancer: a meta-analysis.

Previous studies have attempted to assess the relation between different dietary patterns and the risk of endometrial cancer (EC); however, a consistent perspective has not been established to date. Therefore, we carried out this meta-analysis to evaluate the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of EC. The most common dietary patterns with high loadings of foods and/or nutrients were selected. A total of 27 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the present meta-analysis. There was evidence of a decreased risk of EC in the highest compared with the lowest categories of healthy dietary pattern [odds ratio (OR)=0.74; confidence interval (CI): 0.62-0.88; P=0.008]. An increased risk of EC was shown for the highest compared with the lowest category of a western-style dietary pattern (OR=1.37; CI: 1.15-1.64; P=0.0005). No significant association with the risk of EC was found in the highest compared with the lowest category of alcohol-drinking pattern (OR=0.98; CI: 0.73-1.30; P=0.87). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that some dietary patterns may be associated with the risk of EC.

Association between Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Hypertension among Chinese: A Cross-Sectional Study.

UNLABELLED: Epidemiological studies of different dietary patterns and the risk of hypertension among a middle-aged Chinese population remain extremely scare. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns and investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of hypertension among Chinese adults aged 45-60 years. The present cross-sectional study includes 2560 participants who reported their dietary intake using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Anthropometric measurements were obtained using standardized procedures. We used log-binomial regression analysis to examine the associations between dietary patterns and hypertension risk. Four major dietary patterns were identified and labeled as traditional Chinese, animal food, western fast-food, and high-salt patterns. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of animal food pattern scores had a greater prevalence ratio (PR) for hypertension (PR = 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.064-1.727; p < 0.05) in comparison to those from the lowest quartile. Compared with the lowest quartile of high-salt pattern, the highest quartile had a higher prevalence ratio for hypertension (PR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.013-1.635; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that animal food and high-salt patterns were associated with increased risk of hypertension, while traditional Chinese and western fast-food patterns were not associated with the risk of hypertension. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings.