Temporal pattern of Fos and Jun families expression after mitogenic stimulation with FGF-2 in rat neural stem cells and fibroblasts

Intense stimulation of most living cells triggers the activation of immediate early genes, such as Fos and Jun families. These genes are important in cellular and biochemical processes, such as mitosis and cell death. The present study focused on determining the temporal expression pattern of Fos and Jun families in fibroblasts and neural stem cells of cerebellum, hippocampus, and subventricular zone (SVZ) of rats of different ages at 0, 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 h after stimulation with fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2. In neonates, a similar expression pattern was observed in all cells analyzed, with lower expression in basal condition, peak expression at 0.5 h after stimulation, returning to baseline values between 1 and 3 h after stimulation. On the other hand, cells from adult animals only showed Fra1 and JunD expression after stimulation. In fibroblasts and hippocampus, Fra1 reached peak expression at 0.5 h after stimulation, while in the SVZ, peak level was observed at 6 h after stimulation. JunD in fibroblasts presented two peak expressions, at 0.5 and 6 h after stimulation. Between these periods, the expression observed was at a basal level. Nevertheless, JunD expression in SVZ and hippocampus was low and without significant changes after stimulation. Differences in mRNA expression in neonate and adult animals characterize the significant differences in neurogenesis and cell response to stimulation at different stages of development. Characterizing these differences might be important for the development of cell cultures, replacement therapy, and the understanding of the physiological response profile of different cell types.

Productive characteristics in dairy buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in the Eastern Amazon / Características produtivas em búfalos leiteiros (Bubalus bubalis) na Amazônia

The objective of this study was to determine factors affecting phenotypic characteristics related to milk production and reproductive efficiency of dairy buffalo. Phenotypic records of 2,459 Murrah, Mediterranean and crossbred buffaloes from the Embrapa Eastern Amazônia herd, from 1969 to 2013 were used. Traits included: total milk production during lactation (TMP), milk production corrected for 305 days (P305); cow weight at calving (CW), fat milk percentage (F), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), calf birth weight (BW), as well as lactation (LP) and service periods (SP). Most traits were affected by genetic group as well as year and season or interaction between them. Genetic group affected F, CI, SP and CW. Very young and older cows showed poorer production traits. There was interaction between season and year for F, CI and CW. Correlations traits were generally medium to low. The principal component analysis showed that higher fat milk percentage was associated with higher percentage of Murrah breed, longer lactation period and older cows. Phenotypic characteristics in buffaloes reared in the Brazilian Amazon were significantly affected by genetic and management factors. This information can be used to help build sustainable production systems for the region and guide farmer decisions.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os fatores que afetam as características fenotípicas relacionadas à produção de leite e a eficiência reprodutiva de búfalas leiteiras. Foram utilizados os registros fenotípicos de 2.459 búfalas das raças Murrah, Mediterrâneo e seus cruzamentos do rebanho da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, de 1969 a 2013. As características incluídas foram: produção total de leite durante a lactação (PTL), produção de leite corrigida para 305 dias (P305), peso da búfala ao parto (PV), percentual de gordura do leite (G), idade ao primeiro parto (IPP), intervalo entre partos (IP), peso do bezerro ao nascimento (PN), assim como os períodos de lactação (PL) e de serviço (PS). A maioria das características foi afetada pelo grupo genético, bem como pelo ano e pela estação ou pela interação entre eles. O grupo genético afetou o G, IP, PS e PV. Búfalas muito jovens e mais velhas mostraram características de produção mais baixas. Houve interação entre estação e o ano para G, IP e PV. As correlações entre as características foram geralmente de médias a baixas. A análise de componentes principais mostrou que a maior porcentagem de gordura no leite foi associada com a maior porcentagem de sangue Murrah, com o maior período de lactação e com búfalas mais velhas. As características fenotípicas das búfalas criadas na Amazônia brasileira foram significativamente afetadas por fatores genéticos e de manejo. Essas informações podem ser usadas para ajudar a construir sistemas de produção sustentáveis para a região e orientar as decisões dos produtores.(AU)

Genetic evaluation of milking buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis): bull ranking / Avaliação genética de búfalas leiteiras (Bubalus bubalis): classificação de touros

The objective of this study was to evaluate genetic aspects related to production and reproductive efficiency of Murrah and Mediterranean buffaloes and their crosses. A ranking of bulls from Embrapa Eastern Amazonia was also composed to guide assisted mating. Birth records of 2,322 Murrah, Mediterranean, and crossbred buffaloes from the Embrapa Eastern Amazon herd, from 1953 to 2013, as well as information on production and reproductive traits were used. Genetic analyzes were performed in the WOMBAT software using the animal model with two-trait analysis. While heritability (h2) for total milk production (TMP) and fat milk percentage (F) were generally high, for reproductive traits h2 tended to be low. Genetic correlations for TMP with the other traits were low and negative, except for TMP with calving interval (CI) and service period (SP) in the Mediterranean breed and with age at first calving (AFC) and SP in crossbred, which were positive and high. Bull 1001 had high predicted transmitting ability (PTA) for TMP, so it should transmit a greater volume of milk to his offspring, although it had a lower PTA for F. There was sufficient variability within the herd to work with genetic management for both production and reproductive efficiency.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos genéticos relacionados à produção e à eficiência reprodutiva de búfalas das raças Murrah, Mediterrâneo e suas cruzas. Uma classificação de touros da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental também foi composta para orientar os cruzamentos assistidos. Foram utilizados 2.322 registros de nascimento de búfalas das raças Murrah, Mediterrâneo e cruzadas do rebanho da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, de 1953 a 2013, bem como características produtivas e reprodutivas. As análises genéticas foram realizadas pelo software Wombat, utilizando-se o modelo animal com análise de duas características. Enquanto a herdabilidade (h 2 ) para a produção total de leite (PTL) e para a porcentagem de gordura (G) foi alta, para as características reprodutivas a h 2 tendeu a ser baixa. As correlações genéticas da PTL com as demais características foram baixas e negativas, exceto para a PTL com intervalo entre partos (IP) e período de serviço (PS) na raça Mediterrâneo e com idade ao primeiro parto (IPP) e PS nas cruzadas, que foram positivas e altas. O touro 1001 apresentou alta capacidade de transmissão predita (CTP) para a PTL, então deve transmitir um maior volume de leite para seus descendentes, embora com um menor conteúdo transmissível de CTP para G. Portanto, existe variabilidade suficiente dentro do rebanho para trabalhar com o manejo genético para a produção e a eficiência reprodutiva.(AU)

Identification of Zika virus in immature phases of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus: a surveillance strategy for outbreak anticipation

A progressive increase in the circulation of arboviruses in tropical countries has been observed, accounting for 700,000 yearly deaths in the world. The main objective of this article was to identify the presence of Zika (ZIKV), dengue (DENV), and Chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses in immature stages of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Household collections of immature phases of the vectors were carried out in the years 2015 and 2016. A total of 2902 dwellings were visited and the rate of infestation with larvae and pupae of Aedes mosquitoes was 283/1462 (19.4%) in March 2015 and 55/1440 (3.8%) in June 2015. In March 2015, 907 larvae/pupae were collected (583 or 64.3% of Ae. aegypti and 324 or 35.7% of Ae. albopictus) while in June 2015 there was a reduction in the number of immature forms found: 197 larvae/pupae (121 or 61.4% of Ae. aegypti and 76 or 38.6% of Ae. albopictus). This reduction was accompanied by a decrease in suspected human ZIKV cases from March to June 2015. The RT-qPCR performed in 18 pools identified that three (two of Ae. aegypti and one of Ae. albopictus) were positive for ZIKV, and none were positive for DENV or CHIKV. Our findings demonstrated that ZIKV was present in immature stages of insect vectors in the study region at least five months prior to the peak of ZIKV associated cases. Xenomonitoring of immature phases of the vectors may prove useful for predicting outbreaks.

Skin cancer prevention campaign in childhood: survey based on 3676 children in Brazil.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Primary skin cancer prevention campaigns are essential and more effective among children, not only because of the importance of sun exposure effects during this period, but also because this age is when individuals are developing behaviours. The Brazilian Society of Dermatology - Regional State of Sao Paulo developed and conducted the programme named 'The Sun, Friend of Childhood', a school health education and disease prevention project for children and parents. Our objective was to evaluate the cognitive and behavioural effects of the children and parents before and after an education model-based intervention of sun protection. METHODS: We carried out a study on a school population of Social Service of Industry - Regional State of São Paulo, from the first to the fifth years of the regular course (6-10 years). Our educational project was planned to be based on two children's learning tools (comic magazine and a DVD cartoon). Questionnaires in relation to habits and knowledge in sun exposure were applied to the children (3776) before and (2748) after the intervention. A questionnaire was applied to 3663 parents regarding personal details and habits of their children. RESULTS: According to the McNemar's statistical test, all changes in the children in acquiring new knowledge about good practices for sun exposure were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Educative sun exposure programmes in childhood are a relevant tool to modify the history of life for next generations, to concern the skin cancer and good health practices.

Morphometric differences and fluctuating asymmetry in Melipona subnitida Ducke 1910 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in different types of housing / Diferenças morfométricas e assimetria flutuante em Melipona subnitida Ducke 1910 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) em diferentes tipos de habitação

Abstract A geometric morphometrics approach was applied to evaluate differences in forewing patterns of the Jandaira bee (Melipona subnitida Ducke). For this, we studied the presence of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in forewing shape and size of colonies kept in either rational hive boxes or natural tree trunks. We detected significant FA for wing size as well as wing shape independent of the type of housing (rational box or tree trunks), indicating the overall presence of stress during the development of the studied specimens. FA was also significant (p < 0.01) between rational boxes, possibly related to the use of various models of rational boxes used for keeping stingless bees. In addition, a Principal Component Analysis indicated morphometric variation between bee colonies kept in either rational hive boxes or in tree trunks, that may be related to the different origins of the bees: tree trunk colonies were relocated natural colonies while rational box colonies originated from multiplying other colonies. We conclude that adequate measures should be taken to reduce the amount of stress during bee handling by using standard models of rational boxes that cause the least disruption.

Resumo A abordagem da morfometria geométrica foi aplicada para avaliar as diferenças nos padrões das asas anteriores da abelha Jandaíra (Melipona subnitida Ducke). Para isso, estudou-se a presença de assimetria flutuante (AF) na forma das asas anteriores e tamanho das colônias mantidas tanto em caixas de colméia racional ou troncos de árvores naturais. Foi detectado AF significativa para o tamanho da asa, bem como a forma da asa independente do tipo de habitação (caixa racional ou cortiço), indicando a presença global de estresse durante o desenvolvimento dos espécimes estudados. AF também foi significativa (p < 0,01) entre as caixas racionais, possivelmente relacionados com a utilização de vários modelos de caixas racionais utilizados para a conservação de abelhas sem ferrão. Além disso, a Análise de Componentes Principais indicou variações morfométricas entre as colônias de abelhas mantidos em caixas racionais ou em cortiços, que podem estar relacionados com as diferentes origens das abelhas: os cortiços foram colônias naturais realocados, enquanto as colônias das caixas racionais foram originadas da multiplicação outras colônias. Conclui-se que devem ser tomadas medidas adequadas para reduzir a quantidade de estresse durante o manuseio abelha usando modelos padrão de caixas racionais que causam a menor perturbação.

CT findings of the main pathological conditions associated with horseshoe kidneys.

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is the most common renal fusion anomaly, with a prevalence of 0.25% among the general population. It consists of kidney fusion across the midline. HSK can be present as an isolated condition in 30%, but there is a wide variety of associated abnormalities. The most frequent include ureteropelvic obstruction, lithiasis and infections. There is also a higher risk of kidney lesions in trauma and an increased incidence of malignancies. Awareness of embryology and anatomy is essential to assess and understand the complications affecting HSK. CT is an excellent method for identification of its main findings.

Major cysteine protease (cruzipain) in Z3 sylvatic isolates of Trypanosoma cruzi from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas' disease, is represented by a set of parasites which circulate between man, vectors, domestic and wild animals. Recently, our group isolated from Triatoma vitticeps strains of T. cruzi that were characterized as belonging to the Z3 phylogenetic lineage. Since very little is known about the biological and/or biochemical markers of sylvatic Z3 isolates, we have studied the protein and protease profiles of distinct Z3 isolates designated as SMM10, SMM53, SMM88, and SMM98. By means of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, both quantitative and qualitative differences were observed in the protein profiles of these strains. All strains produced an acidic cysteine protease of 45 kDa, resembling cruzipain activity. The strain SMM10 synthesized an additional 55 kDa metalloprotease. Using Western blotting and anti-cruzipain antibody to detect cruzipain-like molecules, a 40-kDa reactive molecule was identified in all strains; in the strain SMM10, an 80-kDa protein was also reacted. Studies about cruzipain isoforms from sylvatic parasites could be valuable tools in the comprehension of the genetic variability in the pathogenesis of Chagas' disease.

Cervical neoplasia after diagnosis and follow-up of women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance.

BACKGROUND: Although the cytological finding of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) occurs in around 5% of women undergoing cytological screening, the clinical evolution is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate women with a diagnosis of ASCUS and compare the histological findings and clinical evolution over six and 12 months. METHODS: 1244 patients with ASCUS (two diagnostic cytologists) were evaluated in this study with Pap Smears and colposcopy (biopsy if necessary) at the first visit, and thereafter at second and third visits (6 and 12 months after the first visit). Comparisons were made between cytological findings and histological diagnoses at every visit during the study and during evolution. RESULTS: At the first visit, 60.3% of the biopsied patients presented histological findings of CIN I, 17.46% CIN II/III and 6.3% invasive neoplasia. At the second visit, 48.3% of the biopsied patients presented CIN I, 24.1% CIN II/III and none invasive neoplasia. At the third visit, 68.9% of the biopsied patients presented CIN I, 13.8% CIN II/III and none invasive carcinoma. If we consider all visits, a total of 213 colposcopy-guided biopsies were performed, representing 17.1% of all the patients included. Of these, 164 (13.2%) presented a histological diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and eight (0.6%) presented with invasive carcinoma. CONCLUSION: We conclude that CIN or invasive lesions frequently occur in women with a diagnosis of ASCUS. Immediate review of the thin sections, new cytological tests or colposcopy and rigorous follow-up should be considered when making a diagnosis of ASCUS.

Characterization of the gene expression related to the process of DNA damage tolerance in Schistosoma mansoni

In the course of its complex life cycle, the parasite Schistosoma mansoni need to adapt to distinct environments, and consequently is exposed to various DNA damaging agents. The Schistosoma genome sequencing initiative has uncovered sequences from genes and transcripts related to the process of DNA damage tolerance as the enzymes UBC13, MMS2, and RAD6. In the present work, we evaluate the importance of this process in different stages of the life cycle of this parasite. The importance is evidenced by expression and phylogenetic profiles, which show the conservation of this pathway from protozoa to mammalians on evolution.

Comparison of morning and afternoon exercise training for asthmatic children

Fitness improvement was used to compare morning with afternoon exercise periods for asthmatic children. Children with persistent moderate asthma (according to GINA criteria), 8 to 11 years old, were divided into 3 groups: morning training group (N = 23), afternoon training group (N = 23), and non-training group (N = 23). The program was based on twice a week 90-min sessions for 4 months. We measured the 9-min running distance, resting heart rate and abdominal muscle strength (sit-up number) before and after the training. All children took budesonide, 400 æg/day, and an on demand inhaled ß-agonist. The distance covered in 9 min increased (mean ± SEM) from 1344 ± 30 m by 248 ± 30 m for the morning group, from 1327 ± 30 m by 162 ± 20 m for the afternoon group, and from 1310 ± 20 m by 2 ± 20 m for the control group (P < 0.05 for the comparison of morning and afternoon groups with the control group by ANOVA and P > 0.05 for morning with afternoon comparison). The reduction of resting heart rate from 83 ± 1, 85 ± 2 and 86 ± 1 bpm was 5.1 ± 0.8 bpm in the morning group, 4.4 ± 0.8 bpm in the afternoon group, and -0.2 ± 0.7 bpm in the control group (P > 0.05 for morning with afternoon comparison and P < 0.05 versus control). The number of sit-ups in the morning, afternoon and control groups increased from 22.0 ± 1.7, 24.3 ± 1.4 and 23 ± 1.1 sit-ups by 9.8 ± 0.9, 7.7 ± 1.4, and 1.9 ± 0.7 sit-ups, respectively (P > 0.05 for morning with afternoon comparison and P < 0.05 versus control). No statistically significant differences were detected between the morning and afternoon groups in terms of physical training of asthmatic children.

Extensive nodular cutaneous amyloidosis: an unusual presentation.

Amyloidosis is characterized by the deposition of a group of unrelated proteins leading to changes in tissue architecture and function. The nodular variant is the rarest form of the cutaneous amyloidoses. We report a patient with localized nodular amyloidosis without systemic amyloid involvement or paraproteinaemia after 6 years of follow-up. The unusual aspects of our case were a plaque presentation rather than nodular, and the disseminated pattern observed.

Ultrasonographic criteria and tumor marker assay are good procedures for the diagnosis of ovarian neoplasia in preselected outpatients.

PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: To identify parameters for the diagnosis of ovarian neoplasia using ultrasonography (US) and serum tumor marker (TM: CA125, CA19.9, CA15.3, AFP, CEA and estradiol) assay. METHODS: Prospective study which included 373 women with increased ovarian volume (> 18 cm3 in premenopause and > 8 cm3 in postmenopause). US criteria (> or = 1) for surgery were: persistent (> 4 months) or increased cyst, cysts with > 1 thick septum or > or = 2 thin septa, cyst diameter > or = 7 cm, vegetation, calcification or cystic predominance (> 50%), solid tumor (> 50%). Doppler with a resistance index (RI) < 0.4 was considered abnormal. RESULTS: Laparotomy was performed in 164 (44%) patients with 66 (40.2%) benign neoplasias and 19 (11.6%) malignant cases (73.6% at Stage I or II). Two hundred and nine patients were maintained on clinical follow-up. The sensitivity for neoplasia and malignant neoplasia was, respectively, for RI: 17 and 63.6 and RI plus TM: 53.1 and 90.9. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound criteria and TM assay were indicated for the diagnosis of ovarian neoplasia.

Aplicação da impedância elétrica na determinação de alterações da pele provocadas por produtos químicos / Application of electrical impedance in determining changes in the skin caused by chemicals

Electrical impedance is one of the methods that have recently been applied to study the response of skin to an irritant stimulus...

Clinical and histopathological changes of the nasal mucosa induced by occupational exposure to sulphuric acid mists.

AIMS: To assess potential alterations of the nasal mucosa by clinical and histopathological evaluation of workers exposed to sulphuric acid mists at anodising plants, correlating the findings with duration of exposure and sulphuric acid concentrations in the air, and comparing them with a control group. METHODS: Fifty two workers from five plants underwent a clinical evaluation (standard questionnaire, clinical, and ear, nose, and throat examination including nasal endoscopy). For the histopathological study, 20 of the 52 subjects (study group) were randomly selected, as well as 11 unexposed subjects (control group), matched by sex, age, and smoking habits. Nasal biopsy specimens were obtained from the anterior septum mucosa and the anterior curvature of the middle turbinate in each individual. A total of 56 nasal mucosa specimens (37 in the study group and 19 in the control group) were evaluated with regard to normal respiratory epithelium or metaplastic epithelium, atypia or dysplasia, and alterations of the lamina propria. RESULTS: The histopathological study revealed squamous metaplasia in 29 (79%) and atypia in 13 (35%) of the 37 study group samples. No association was found between exposure duration and the clinical and histopathological variables, but a significant association was found between sulphuric acid concentrations higher than 200 micro g/m(3) and pale mucosal patches and ulcerations in the exposed subjects. Logistic regression analysis showed that the exposed subjects had a fivefold risk of developing atypia compared with the unexposed subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Workers exposed to sulphuric acid mists presented with a high incidence of nasal symptoms, and macroscopic and microscopic changes of the nasal mucosa, including squamous atypia and dysplasia. The risk for these histopthological lesions increased with higher sulphuric acid concentrations in the air, revealing an exposure-response relation.

Influência do estresse nos níveis sangüíneos de lipídios, de ácido ascórbico, de zinco e de outros parâmetros bioquímicos / Stress' influence on blood levels of lipid, ascorbic acid, zinc and other biochemical parameters

Muitos estudos apontam quanto à possibilidade de que o estresse afete a concentração de lipídeos, de ácido ascórbico, de zinco e de outros parâmetros bioquímicos e que estes elementos devem provocar alterações hormonais e bioquímicas, prejudicando o sistema cardiovascular. Assim, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar o estresse em suas diferentes modalidades: tolerância, tensão, fontes, estado e vulnerabilidade e depois correlacionar as respostas de tais questionários com as alterações bioquímicas propostas em análise. A população examinada foi de 29 pacientes trabalhadores ou estudantes da Universidade federal de Santa Catarina - Brasil. Observou-se que a maioria das pessoas, da comunidade universitária analisada, convive com problemas de estresse e que os indivíduos mais tolerantes ao estresse são os menos vulneráveis. Da mesma forma, foi possível observar que os indivíduos mais tensos foram aqueles com estado de sofrimento ou sofrimento severo. Para correlação das análises bioquímicas o questionário sobre estado de estresse foi o que mais apresentou alterações significativas com os diversos parâmetros bioquímicos analisados. Nesta pesquisa pode-se notar que os problemas de estresse provocam um aumento de colesterol total e LDL-colesterol e uma pequena diminuição da fração HDL-colesterol, cálcio, magnésio, ácido ascórbico e zinco. Contudo, em nenhum dos questionários utilizados observou-se qualquer correlação entre os problemas de estresse e as análises bioquímicas como o fósforo, sódio, potássio e vitamina B12. Conclui-se que os parâmetros bioquímicos são ferramentas importantes na análise do estresse e que este deve acelerar o curso da aterosclerose coronariana.

Increased frequency of abnormal Papanicolaou smears in adolescents.

Abnormal Papanicolaou smears has increased in adolescents. Our objective was to analyze the frequency of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in adolescents (< 20 years of age) over the last 12 years, comparing to adult (> or = 20 years of age). We studied 110,283 (10.85% of adolescents) reports from Papanicolaou smears between 1987 and 1999 in a public university hospital that has a screening program for cervical cancer prevention. The tests were divided into 3 periods (1987-1991, 1992-1995 and 1996-1999) for studying the evolution of frequencies. CIN I was more frequent among adolescents (1.73% vs. 0.99%) and CIN III and invasive cancer among adult women (0.62% vs. 0.05%, and 0.39% vs. 0.0083%, respectively). Between the periods 1987-1991 and 1996-1999 there was an increased in the frequency of CIN I among adolescents (from 0.78-2.17%) and adults (from 0.72-1.16%); CIN II decreased among adult patients (from 0.52-0.28%) and tripled among adolescents over recent years (from 0.15-0.47%), and CIN III increased in both group, although without statistical significance. One case of invasive carcinoma among adolescents occurred in the period from 1996-1999. We strongly recommend the inclusion of adolescent populations in the screening programs, from the time that they begin sexual activity.

Investigacao da variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca de mulheres nos periodos manha e noite / Investigation of heart rate variability in women during morning and evening periods

A proposta desta investigacao foi comparar a variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca (VFC) de mulheres de manha e a noite. Foram estudadas sete mulheres saudaveis, com idade media de 23(+-2, 03) anos. As voluntarias foram avaliadas em repouso nas posicoes supina e sentada e durante o teste de esforco fisico dinamico do tipo degraus descontinuos, submaximo, nas potencias de 20, 30, 40 e 50 watts(W) em cicloergometro eletromagnetico na posicao sentada. A frequencia cardiaca foi coletada a partir do eletrocardiograma em tempo real pela manha (8h) e pela noite (20h). A VFC foi analisada pelo indice de RMSSD dos intervalos R-R(iR-R) em milssegundos (ms). Em relacao aos periodos do dia, foi observado que a VFC no periodo da manha, em comparacao ao periodo da noite, nas condicoes de repouso supino, sentado e durante o exercicio fisico na potencia de 40 W apresentou diferenca estatisticamente significativa (p< 0,05). Os resultados mostram ainda, que da transicao do repouso para o exercicio fisico nos dois periodos ocorre uma diminuicao crescente da VFC com o aumento dos niveis de potencia. Esses resultados sugerem maior modulacao vagal no periodo da manha, tanto no repouso quanto no exercicio fisico