Association between sociodemographic and clinical features, health behaviors, and health literacy of patients with prostate cancer and prostate cancer prognostic stage.

Patient characteristics may influence access and acceptance of Prostate Specific Antigen test, and therefore, the timing of prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. A group of 361 patients from a cohort (n = 451) diagnosed with PCa in 2018-2020 at the Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto was evaluated before treatment, using a structured interview, the Medical Term Recognition Test, and the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire QLQ-PR25. PCa prognostic stages (I, II, III, IV) were attributed according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compute the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (OR [95% CI]), considering PCa stage II, the most frequent, as reference. Older age (OR = 4.21 [2.24-7.93]), living outside the Porto Metropolitan Area while having low income (OR = 6.25 [1.53-25.62]), and erectile dysfunction (OR = 2.22 [0.99-4.99]) were associated with stage III, while urination during the night (OR = 3.02 [1.42-6.41]) was associated with stage IV. Urine leakage was less frequent in stage III (OR = 0.23 [0.08-0.68]), and living with a partner (OR = 0.41 [0.19-0.88]) and family history of cancer (OR = 0.25 [0.07-0.86]) in stage IV. Health literacy was not associated with PCa stage but lower education was less frequent in stage I (OR = 0.27 [0.11-0.69]). Patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics should be considered as targets to improve PCa early detection and prognosis.

Gastrointestinal delivery of codfish Skin-Derived collagen Hydrolysates: Deep eutectic solvent extraction and bioactivity analysis.

The fishing industry produces substantial by-products, such as heads, skins, bones, and scales, rich in collagen-a prevalent protein in these materials. However, further application of deep eutectic solvent-based extraction remains unexplored. In this study, we extracted collagen with urea: propanoic acid mixture (U:PA; 1:2) with a 2.2 % yield, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with alcalase for 120 min. The resulting bioactive peptides demonstrated notable antioxidant activity (961 µmol TE) and antihypertensive properties (39.3 % ACE inhibition). Subsequently, we encapsulated 39.3 % of these hydrolysates in chitosan-TPP capsules, which released about 58 % of their content, primarily in the intestine, as mimicked in the in vitro model of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the digestion process did not significantly alter the size of the non-encapsulated collagen peptides, it did influence their health benefits. The promising results suggest that further research could optimize the use of collagen from fish by-products, potentially offering a sustainable source for health products.

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Young Adults (18-25 Years) in Mozambique.

The life course development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and the undergoing epidemiological transition in Mozambique highlight the importance of monitoring the cardiovascular risk profile in young adults. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of CVD risk factors in a population aged 18-25 years living in Mozambique. A total of 776 young adults from a nationally representative sample were evaluated in 2014/2015 following the World Health Organization's STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance. Current smoking was the most prevalent among rural men (10.8%, 95%CI: 6.3-17.8), and drinking was most prevalent among urban men (38.6%, 95%CI: 29.3-48.8). The proportion of young adults not engaging in at least 75 min of vigorous physical activity per week ranged between 14.5% in rural men and 61.6% in urban women. The prevalence of being overweight/obese and hypertension were highest among urban women (21.6%, 95%CI: 14.7-30.6) and urban men (25.2%, 95%CI: 15.9-37.6), respectively. Education >8 years (vs. none) was independently associated with lower odds of being a current smoker, and increased monthly household income was associated with increased odds of low levels of physical activity. This study shows that important CVD risk factors are already common in the young adult population of Mozambique.

Unmet needs and quality of life in multiple myeloma patients.

This cross-sectional study analysed the contributors and moderators of quality of life. The sample comprised 124 Portuguese multiple myeloma patients assessed on social support, spirituality, unmet needs, psychological morbidity and quality-of-life measures. Results showed that being older and a woman, as well as psychological morbidity and unmet emotional needs were significant predictors of worse quality of life as measured by the QLQ-C30. Unmet financial needs moderated the relationship between psychological morbidity and quality of life. Results emphasize the importance of intervening in patients' unmet emotional needs and psychological morbidity in order to promote quality of life, in this population.

Trauma cranioencefálico: perfil dos pacientes atendidos em um hospital público de Teresina / Traumatic brain injury: profile of patients admitted in a public hospital from Teresina city / Trauma cranioencefálico: perfil de los pacientes atendidos en un hospital público de Teresina

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil dos pacientes acometidos com traumatismo cranioencefálico atendidas em um hospital público de Teresina. Método: Estudo descritivo, exploratório, retrospectivo, documental de abordagem quantitativa realizado em um hospital público de Teresina-PI. Os dados foram coletados no período set/out/ de 2016 e janeiro de 2017 por meio de pesquisa nos prontuários através do formulário elaborado pelas pesquisadoras. Resultados: Registraram-se 1603 internações com o diagnóstico de traumatismo cranioencefálico destes, 5,67% tiveram traumatismo cranioencefálico leve, 92,67% moderado e 1,67% grave. Houve predomínio da faixa etária de 18 a 29 anos, sexo masculino, solteiro e o ensino fundamental. Nesta busca, 19,33% dos pacientes foram a óbito. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o perfil do paciente acometido por trauma cranioencefálico, no hospital estudado, é caracterizado por um predomínio do sexo masculino com uma faixa etária de 19 a 29 anos, solteiros e com escolaridade de até o ensino fundamental

Objective: This study meant to identifying the traumatic brain injury patients' profile in a public hospital of Teresina city, Piauí State, Brazil. Methods: It is a descriptive-exploratory, retrospective and documental study with a quantitative approach, which was performed in a public hospital from Teresina city. Data collection took place from September 2016 to January 2017 by researching medical records based on a developed form. Results: Considering the total number of traumatic brain injury hospitalizations, 5.67% were mild, 92.67% were moderate, and 1.67% were severe injuries. There was a predominance of single males within the age group from 19 to 29 years old, holding at most elementary school education. According to the study results, 19.33% of the patients died. Conclusion: It was concluded that the traumatic brain injury patients' profile is characterized by a predominance of single males within the age group from 19 to 29 years old, holding at most elementary school education

Objetivo: identificar el perfil de los pacientes acometidos con traumatismo craneoencefálico atendidos en un hospital público de Teresina. Método: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, retrospectivo, documental de abordaje cuantitativo realizado en un hospital público de Teresina-PI. Los datos fueron recolectados en el período set / out / de 2016 y enero de 2017 por medio de investigación en los prontuarios a través del formulario elaborado por las investigadoras. Resultados: Se registraron 1603 internaciones con el diagnóstico de traumatismo craneoencefálico de éstos, 5,67% tuvieron traumatismo craneoencefálico leve, 92,67% moderado y 1,67% grave. Se observó predominio del grupo de edad de 18 a 29 años, sexo masculino, soltero y la enseñanza fundamental. En esta búsqueda, el 19,33% de los pacientes fueron a muerte. Conclusión: Se concluye que el perfil del paciente acometido por trauma craneoencefálico, en el hospital estudiado, se caracteriza por un predominio del sexo masculino con una franja etaria de 19 a 29 años, solteros y con escolaridad de hasta la enseñanza fundamental