Assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of glyphosate-based herbicide on glioblastoma cell lines: Role of p53 in cellular response and network analysis.

Glyphosate, the world's most widely used herbicide, has a low toxicity rating despite substantial evidence of adverse health effects. Furthermore, glyphosate-based formulations (GBFs) contain several other chemicals, some of which are known to be harmful. Additionally, chronic, and acute exposure to GBFs among rural workers may lead to health impairments, such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. P53 is known as a tumor suppressor protein, acting as a key regulator of the cellular response to stress and DNA damage. Therefore, mutations in the TP53 gene, which encodes p53, are common genetic alterations found in various types of cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of GBF in two glioblastoma cell lines: U87MG (TP53-proficient) and U251MG (TP53-mutant). Additionally, the study aimed to identify the main proteins involved in the response to GBF exposure using Systems Biology in a network containing p53 and another network without p53. The MTT assay was used to study the toxicity of GBF in the cell lines, the clonogenic assay was used to investigate cell survival, and the Comet Assay was used for genotoxicity evaluation. For data analysis, bioinformatics tools such as String 12.0 and Stitch 5.0 were applied, serving as a basis for designing binary networks in the Cytoscape 3.10.1 program. From the in vitro test analyses, it was observed a decrease in cell viability at doses starting from 10 ppm. Comet Assay at concentrations of 10 ppm and 30 ppm for the U251MG and U87MG cell lines, respectively observed DNA damage. The network generated with systems biology showed that the presence of p53 is important for the regulation of biological processes involved in genetic stability and neurotoxicity, processes that did not appear in the TP53-mutant network.

Eugenia calycina and Eugenia stigmatosa as Promising Sources of Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds.

In this study, Eugenia calycina and Eugenia stigmatosa, native Brazilian berries, were explored regarding their proximal composition, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities. The edible parts of both fruits presented a low content of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, resulting in a low caloric value (<70 kcal/100 g fw). E. stigmatosa fruit showed a high total fiber content (3.26 g/100 g fw), qualifying it as a source of dietary fiber. The sugar profile was mainly monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, and rhamnose). Significant contents of total phenolics and flavonoids, monomeric anthocyanins and, condensed tannins, were observed in both fruits. E. calycina contains a high level of anthocyanins, primarily cyanidin-3-glucoside (242.97 µg/g). Other phenolic compounds were also found, the main ones being rutin and ellagic acid. In contrast, E. stigmatosa is mainly composed of rutin and gallic acid. Furthermore, these fruits showed expressive antioxidant activity, evidenced by ORAC, FRAP, and ABTS. These Eugenia fruits are promising sources of bioactive compounds and have a low caloric and high dietary fiber content, making them interesting options for inclusion in a balanced diet, contributing to the promotion of health and the valorization and conservation of Brazilian biodiversity.

Nutritional composition, phenolic compounds and biological activities of selected unconventional food plants.

This review highlights the nutritional content, phytochemical compounds, and biological properties of three unconventional food plants consumed in the Amazon: ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.), taioba (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), and vitória-régia (Victoria amazonica). These plants show significant nutritional, functional, and economic potential, which can enhance the intake of daily nutrients, energy, and bioactive compounds. Ora-pro-nóbis is a rich source of caftaric acid, quercetin, and isorhamnetin; taioba contains syringic acid, caffeic acid, and quercetin; and vitória-régia shows cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, and sinapic acid in its composition. These compounds confer antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antiproliferative properties on these plants. These unconventional plants can be exploited by the food industry as food and supplements and therapeutic plants to develop valuable products for food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and medical applications.

Effect of extraction method on the calcium binding capacity of faba bean globulin fractions at various pH.

Faba bean ingredients are rich in proteins and good sources of calcium (Ca), although containing phytic acid (PA) molecules. PA, a polyphosphate compound, can affect the bioavailability of minerals/proteins through complex formation. This study evaluates the impact of two extraction processes, Alkaline Extraction-IsoElectric Precipitation (AE-IEP) and Sequential Extraction (SE), on the ability of faba bean globulin systems to bind added calcium ions. Increasing concentrations of CaCl2 were introduced into 2.5% (w/v) protein dispersions at pHs 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, and 7.5, and free Ca monitored. Near the isoelectric point of globulin (pH âˆ¼ 4-5), Ca binding capacity was found to be low. At higher pHs, significant Ca chelation occurred, initially attributed to free PA binding sites, resulting in the formation of insoluble complexes and subsequent protein precipitation. The AE-IEP globulin fraction exhibited a higher Ca binding capacity than the SE globulin, attributed to its higher PA and lower initial Ca concentrations.

Mortality of Young Women due to Breast Cancer in Low, Middle and High-Income Countries: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the difference in breast cancer mortality rates among young women according to countries' economic classification. METHODS: A systematic literature review included retrospective studies on breast cancer mortality rates in women aged 20 to 49 years. Databases used were PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library, with articles selected in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. The study selection and analysis were conducted by two pairs of researchers. Data from 54 countries were extracted, including 39 high-income, 12 upper-middle-income, and 3 lower-middle-income countries. A meta-analysis was performed with the quantitative data from two studies. RESULTS: Six articles met the inclusion criteria. Four were analyzed descriptively due to data diversity, and two were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled mortality rate for high-income countries was 10.2 per 100,000 women (95% CI: 9.8-10.6), while for upper-middle-income countries, it was 15.5 per 100,000 women (95% CI: 14.9-16.1). Lower-middle-income countries had a pooled mortality rate of 20.3 per 100,000 women (95% CI: 19.5-21.1). The decrease in mortality rates in high-income countries was statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Mortality rates for breast cancer among young women have decreased significantly in high-income countries but have increased in lower-income countries. This disparity underscores the impact of insufficient investment in preventive measures, health promotion, early diagnosis, and treatment on young women's mortality in lower-income countries.

Amantadine mitigates the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of doxorubicin in SH-SY5Y cells and reduces its mutagenicity.

Amantadine (AMA) is a useful drug in neuronal disorders, but few studies have been performed to access its toxicological profile. Conversely, doxorubicin (Dox) is a well-known antineoplastic drug that has shown neurotoxic effects leading to cognitive impairment. The aims of this study are to evaluate the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic effects of AMA, as well as its possible protective actions against deleterious effects of Dox. The Salmonella/microsome assay was performed to assess mutagenicity while cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were evaluated in SH-SY5Y cells using MTT and comet assays. Possible modulating effects of AMA on the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity induced by Dox were evaluated through cotreatment procedures. Amantadine did not induce mutations in the Salmonella/microsome assay and decreased Dox-induced mutagenicity in the TA98 strain. AMA reduced cell viability and induced DNA damage in SH-SY5Y cells. In cotreatment with Dox, AMA attenuated the cytotoxicity of Dox and showed an antigenotoxic effect. In conclusion, AMA does not induce gene mutations, although it has shown a genotoxic effect. Furthermore, AMA decreases frameshift mutations induced by Dox as well as the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Dox in SH-SY5Y cells, suggesting that AMA can interfere with Dox mutagenic activity and attenuate its neurotoxic effects.

Hybrid Nanosystem Formed by DOX-Loaded Liposomes and Extracellular Vesicles from MDA-MB-231 Is Effective against Breast Cancer Cells with Different Molecular Profiles.

Drug delivery selectivity is a challenge for cancer treatment. A hybrid pegylated pH-sensitive liposome-extracellular vesicle isolated from human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 was developed to investigate its in vitro activity against breast cancer cells of different molecular profiles to overcome this inconvenience. The hybrid nanosystem was produced by film hydration, and doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated in this system using the ammonium sulfate gradient method. The characterization of this hybrid nanosystem revealed a mean diameter of 140.20 ± 2.70 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.102 ± 0.033, an encapsulation efficiency of doxorubicin of 88.9% ± 2.4, and a great storage stability for 90 days at 4 °C. The fusion of extracellular vesicles with liposomes was confirmed by nanoflow cytometry using PE-conjugated human anti-CD63. This hybrid nanosystem demonstrated cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cell lines with different molecular subtypes, enhanced anti-migration properties, and exhibited similar cellular uptake to the free DOX treatment. Preliminary acute toxicity assessments using Balb/C female mice indicated a median lethal dose of 15-17.5 mg/kg, with no evidence of splenic, liver, heart, bone marrow, and renal damage at a dose of 15 mg/kg. These findings suggest the hybrid formulation as a versatile nanocarrier for the treatment of various breast cancer subtypes.

The importance of Brazilian Conservation Units for the diversity of gall-inducing insects: a study on gall-inducing insect richness in the Chapada Diamantina National Park, state of Bahia, Brazil.

Conservation Units (CUs) tend to have a high richness of herbivorous insects, including gall-inducing insects. Despite this, gall surveys carried out in these environments are punctual and some units have never had their galls investigated, such as the Chapada Diamantina National Park, Bahia (Chapada Diamantina Parna). Aiming to reduce this gap and contribute to future studies in CUs, this study aimed to survey the galls of the Chapada Diamantina Parna, Lençóis, as well as to investigate trends in research on galls in CUs in Brazil. For that, collections were carried out on monthly trips for one year. Published gall surveys were compiled. A total of 107 morphotypes induced in 88 host species were recorded. Most galls are formed in leaves, globoid in shape, green in color, and induced by Cecidomyiidae. This park has a relatively high richness of galls compared to other CUs, demonstrating its importance in the conservation of gall-inducing insects. The results also revealed that the number of surveys has been increasing over the years and that the Southeast concentrates the largest number of studies, a region that also gathers the largest number of specialists, demonstrating a geographic bias in the data.

Influence of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome from Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients on the Proliferation and Death of K562 and K562-Lucena Leukemia Cell Lineages.

Leukemias are among the most prevalent types of cancer worldwide. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) participate in the development of a suitable niche for hematopoietic stem cells, and are involved in the development of diseases such as leukemias, to a yet unknown extent. Here we described the effect of secretome of bone marrow MSCs obtained from healthy donors and from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) on leukemic cell lineages, sensitive (K562) or resistant (K562-Lucena) to chemotherapy drugs. Cell proliferation, viability and death were evaluated, together with cell cycle, cytokine production and gene expression of ABC transporters and cyclins. The secretome of healthy MSCs decreased proliferation and viability of both K562 and K562-Lucena cells; moreover, an increase in apoptosis and necrosis rates was observed, together with the activation of caspase 3/7, cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and changes in expression of several ABC proteins and cyclins D1 and D2. These effects were not observed using the secretome of MSCs derived from AML patients. In conclusion, the secretome of healthy MSCs have the capacity to inhibit the development of leukemia cells, at least in the studied conditions. However, MSCs from AML patients seem to have lost this capacity, and could therefore contribute to the development of leukemia.

Intention-to-treat outcomes utilising a stringent event definition in children and young people treated with tisagenlecleucel for r/r ALL through a national access scheme.

CAR T-cell therapy has transformed relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) management and outcomes, but following CAR T infusion, interventions are often needed. In a UK multicentre study, we retrospectively evaluated tisagenlecleucel outcomes in all eligible patients, analysing overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) with standard and stringent definitions, the latter including measurable residual disease (MRD) emergence and further anti-leukaemic therapy. Both intention-to-treat and infused cohorts were considered. We collected data on feasibility of delivery, manufacture, toxicity, cause of therapy failure and followed patients until death from any cause. Of 142 eligible patients, 125 received tisagenlecleucel, 115/125 (92%) achieved complete remission (CR/CRi). Severe cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity occurred in 16/123 (13%) and 10/123 (8.1%), procedural mortality was 3/126 (2.4%). The 2-year intent to treat OS and EFS were 65.2% (95%CI 57.2-74.2%) and 46.5% (95%CI 37.6-57.6%), 2-year intent to treat stringent EFS was 35.6% (95%CI 28.1-44.9%). Median OS was not reached. Sixty-two responding patients experienced CAR T failure by the stringent event definition. Post failure, 1-year OS and standard EFS were 61.2% (95%CI 49.3-75.8) and 55.3% (95%CI 43.6-70.2). Investigation of CAR T-cell therapy for B-ALL delivered on a country-wide basis, including following patients beyond therapy failure, provides clinicians with robust outcome measures. Previously, outcomes post CAR T-cell therapy failure were under-reported. Our data show that patients can be successfully salvaged in this context with good short-term survival.

An Approach for Engineering Peptides for Competitive Inhibition of the SARS-COV-2 Spike Protein.

SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for a respiratory disease called COVID-19 that devastated global public health. Since 2020, there has been an intense effort by the scientific community to develop safe and effective prophylactic and therapeutic agents against this disease. In this context, peptides have emerged as an alternative for inhibiting the causative agent. However, designing peptides that bind efficiently is still an open challenge. Here, we show an algorithm for peptide engineering. Our strategy consists of starting with a peptide whose structure is similar to the interaction region of the human ACE2 protein with the SPIKE protein, which is important for SARS-COV-2 infection. Our methodology is based on a genetic algorithm performing systematic steps of random mutation, protein-peptide docking (using the PyRosetta library) and selecting the best-optimized peptides based on the contacts made at the peptide-protein interface. We performed three case studies to evaluate the tool parameters and compared our results with proposals presented in the literature. Additionally, we performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations (three systems, 200 ns each) to probe whether our suggested peptides could interact with the spike protein. Our results suggest that our methodology could be a good strategy for designing peptides.

Genotoxic and antiproliferative properties of Endopleura uchi bark aqueous extract.

The bark extract from Endopleura uchi has been widely used in traditional medicine to treat gynecological-related disorders, diabetes, and dyslipidemias albeit without scientific proof. In addition, E. uchi bark extract safety, especially regarding mutagenic activities, is not known. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition, antitumor, and toxicological parameters attributed to an E. uchi bark aqueous extract. The phytochemical constitution was assessed by colorimetric and chromatographic analyzes. The antiproliferative effect was determined using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay using 4 cancer cell lines. Cytotoxic and genotoxic activities were assessed utilizing MTT and comet assays, respectively, while mutagenicity was determined through micronucleus and Salmonella/microsome assays. The chromatographic analysis detected predominantly the presence of gallic acid and isoquercitrin. The antiproliferative effect was more pronounced in human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. In the MTT assay, the extract presented an IC50 = 39.1 µg/ml and exhibited genotoxic (comet assay) and mutagenic (micronucleus test) activities at 20 and 40 µg/ml in mouse fibroblast cell line (L929) and mutagenicity in the TA102 and TA97a strains in the absence of S9 mix. Data demonstrated that E. uchi bark possesses bioactive compounds which exert cytotoxic and genotoxic effects that might be associated with its antitumor potential. Therefore, E. uchi bark aqueous extract consumption needs to be approached with caution in therapeutic applications.

Impacto da blefaroplastia superior na qualidade de vida e sua inserção no contexto da saúde pública brasileira: revisão de escopo / Impact of upper blepharoplasty on quality of life and its insertion in the context of Brazilian public health: scoping review

Introdução: O objetivo foi desenvolver uma revisão de escopo que mapeie pesquisas disponíveis que respondam à questão: "O que se sabe sobre o impacto da blefaroplastia na qualidade de vida? Qual sua abrangência no Sistema Único de Saúde?". Método: Levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Periódicos Capes, SciELO, LILACS, Medline e Cochrane Library, com estudos publicados nos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: Foram selecionados 323 estudos para pré-análise e a amostra final contou com 19 estudos. A qualidade de vida foi analisada em sete dos estudos incluídos (36,8%) e os demais analisaram critérios funcionais (31,5%) ou outras questões subjetivas que podem estar ligadas à qualidade de vida (26,3%). A maioria dos estudos demonstrou que a blefaroplastia traz melhora na qualidade de vida e em critérios indiretos como autoestima, satisfação pessoal e bem-estar, além de melhora da visão. Os dados sobre a cobertura da cirurgia no contexto público são escassos e não foi encontrado nenhum estudo que tratasse desse tema. Conclusão: A blefaroplastia impacta positivamente na qualidade de vida, reforçando a necessidade de se fazer cumprir o direito de realização do procedimento na saúde pública, quando comprovada sua indicação. A ausência de dados sobre a blefaroplastia no Sistema Único de Saúde demonstra alguma negligência deste tópico no âmbito da saúde pública. Portanto, a presente pesquisa tem importância em evidenciar tal lacuna, incentivando a realização de estudos que aprofundem a análise do impacto da blefaroplastia na qualidade de vida, bem como, busquem entender melhor sua cobertura e formas de ampliá-la.

Introduction: The aim was to conduct a comprehensive scoping review of available researches on the impact of blepharoplasty on quality of life and its scope within the Unified Health System. Methods: A literature search was performed in the Virtual Health Library, Capes Journals, SciELO, LILACS, Medline, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published within the past five years. Results: Out of the 323 studies initially selected, nineteen studies were included in the final sample. Seven studies (36.8%) examined the impact of blepharoplasty on quality of life, while others assessed functional criteria (31.5%) or subjective factors related to quality of life (26.3%). The majority of the studies demonstrated positive effects of blepharoplasty on quality of life, self-esteem, personal satisfaction, well-being, and visual improvement. However, limited data were found regarding the coverage of blepharoplasty in the public healthcare system, with no specific studies on this topic. Conclusion: Blepharoplasty has been shown to positively impact quality of life, highlighting the need to ensure the access to this procedure within the public healthcare when appropriate. The lack of data on blepharoplasty within the Unified Health System indicates a research gap and emphasizes the importance of further studies to explore its impact on quality of life, as well as its coverage and expansion.

Epigenetic role of LINE-1 methylation and key genes in pregnancy maintenance.

Spontaneous abortion is a pregnancy complication characterized by complex and multifactorial etiology. About 5% of childbearing women are globally affected by early pregnancy loss (EPL) and most of them experience recurrence (RPL). Epigenetic mechanisms and controlled inflammation are crucial for pregnancy maintenance and genetic predispositions may increase the risk affecting the maternal-fetal crosstalk. Combined analyses of global methylation, inflammation and inherited predispositions may contribute to define pregnancy loss etiopathogenesis. LINE-1 epigenetic regulation plays crucial roles during embryo implantation, and its hypomethylation has been associated with senescence and several complex diseases. By analysing a group of 230 women who have gone through pregnancy interruption and comparing those experiencing spontaneous EPL (n = 123; RPL, 54.5%) with a group of normal pregnant who underwent to voluntary interruption (VPI, n = 107), the single statistical analysis revealed significant lower (P < 0.00001) LINE-1 methylation and higher (P < 0.0001) mean cytokine levels (CKs: IL6, IL10, IL17A, IL23) in EPL. Genotyping of the following SNPs accounted for different EPL/RPL risk odds ratio: F13A1 rs5985 (OR = 0.24; 0.06-0.90); F13B rs6003 (OR = 0.23; 0.047-1.1); FGA rs6050 (OR = 0.58; 0.33-1.0); CRP rs2808635/rs876538 (OR = 0.15; 0.014-0.81); ABO rs657152 (OR = 0.48; 0.22-1.08); TP53 rs1042522 (OR = 0.54; 0.32-0.92); MTHFR rs1801133/rs1801131 (OR = 2.03; 1.2-3.47) and FGB rs1800790 (OR = 1.97; 1.01-3.87), although Bonferroni correction did not reach significant outputs. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and logistic regression disclosed further SNPs positive/negative associations (e.g. APOE rs7412/rs429358; FGB rs1800790; CFH rs1061170) differently arranged and sorted in four significant PCs: PC1 (F13A, methylation, CKs); PC3 (CRP, MTHFR, age, methylation); PC4 (F13B, FGA, FGB, APOE, TP53, age, methylation); PC6 (F13A, CFH, ABO, MTHFR, TP53, age), yielding further statistical power to the association models. In detail, positive EPL risk association was with PC1 (OR = 1.81; 1.33-2.45; P < 0.0001) and negative associations with PC3 (OR = 0.489; 0.37-0.66; P < 0.0001); PC4 (OR = 0.72; 0.55-0.94; P = 0.018) and PC6 (OR = 0.61; 0.46-0.81; P = 0.001). Moreover, significant inverse associations were detected between methylation and CKs levels in the whole group (rIL10 = - 0.22; rIL17A = - 0.25; rIL23 = - 0.19; rIL6 = - 0.22), and methylation with age in the whole group, EPL and RPL subgroups (r2TOT = 0.147; r2EPL = 0.136; r2 RPL = 0.248), while VPI controls lost significance (r2VPI = 0.011). This study provides a valuable multilayer approach for investigating epigenetic abnormalities in pregnancy loss suggesting genetic-driven dysregulations and anomalous epigenetic mechanisms potentially mediated by LINE-1 hypomethylation. Women with unexplained EPL might benefit of such investigations, providing new insights for predicting the pregnancy outcome and for treating at risk women with novel targeted epidrugs.

Part 5: Allogeneic HSCT in refractory SJIA with lung disease; recent cases from centers in North America & Europe.

It has been increasingly recognized that there is a subset of patients with refractory systemic JIA, who have failed all available medications and may benefit from HSCT. The increasing experience with HSCT in SJIA, suggests that despite the complicated post-HSCT course, short-term, the transplanted patients either achieved SJIA remission or reduced burden of disease. Longer follow-up, however, is needed to better define the long-term outcomes. The discussion at the NextGen 2022 conference was focused on the optimal timing for the procedure, the need for a good control of inflammatory SJIA activity prior to HSCT, and the role of the reduced intensity conditioning regimens as there was a remote concern that such regimens might increase the risk of SJIA relapse after the transplantation. There was unanimous agreement about the importance of long-term registries to address these questions.

Preparing Collared Peccary (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758) for Reintroduction into the Wild: A Screening for Parasites and Hemopathogens of a Captive Population.

The reintroduction of captive animals to the wild helps restore endangered species, but it risks pathogen transmission, harming wild populations. Such transmission can impact the genetic diversity and long-term viability of these populations. This study assessed parasite diversity and load in captive Pecari tajacu, a species native to the Americas and culturally significant to Brazilian indigenous culture, prior to reintroduction. Samples from 24 peccaries were analyzed for ectoparasites, hemopathogens, and stool parasites with direct and molecular analysis. Findings showed that various parasites were present. Two peccaries (8.3%) were infested by the adult tick Amblyomma sculptum. Six (25.0%) tested positive for Trypanosoma evansi, four (16.7%) for hemobacteria of the family Anaplasmataceae, twelve (50.0%) for hemotropic Mycoplasma, and seven (29.2%) for Leishmania braziliensis. Stool samples indicated multiple parasites, with sixteen (66.7%) peccaries infected by Strongylida order parasites, Spiruridae in three (12.5%), and Ascaris suum in one (4.2%) animal. Cysts of Balantidium sp. were found in twenty (83.3%), Entamoeba polecki in five (20.8%), and Iodamoeba bütschlii in two (8.3%) peccaries. To our current knowledge, this is the first global report of Leishmania braziliensis, Iodamoeba bütschlii, and Entamoeba polecki in P. tajacu, irrespective of the environment, including both captivity and wild conditions. Some of these parasites are common in domestic animals, and others are zoonotic, indicating potential interspecies pathogen transmission.

Infecção de sítio cirúrgico e o telemonitoramento pelo enfermeiro no pós-operatório: uma revisão de escopo / Surgical site infection and nurse telemonitoring in the postoperative period: a scoping review

OBJETIVO: mapear evidências científicas sobre a prevenção e o manejo precoce de infecção de sítio cirúrgico por telemonitoramento em pacientes cirúrgicos após alta hospitalar. MÉTODO: revisão de escopo desenvolvida conforme proposto pelo Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI). Foi realizada a pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Cochrane Collaboration, Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science e Embase. Os estudos foram adicionados ao gerenciador Endnote Basic e Rayyan por três pesquisadores independentes. RESULTADOS: foram identificados 1.386 estudos e incluídos 31, os quais apresentaram relevância em relação a sinais de alerta precoce e tardio da infecção de sítio cirúrgico, complicações, fatores de risco, prevenção e utilização do telemonitoramento. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se que, embora os estudos abordem a infecção de sítio cirúrgico e o telemonitoramento, faz-se necessário a formulação dos instrumentos utilizados nas consultas telefônicas, contemplando com maior especificidade os critérios indispensáveis a serem abordados.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to map scientific evidence regarding the prevention and early management of surgical site infection through telemonitoring in surgical patients after discharge from the hospital. METHOD: A scoping review was conducted following the guidelines proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The search was performed across PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Cochrane Collaboration, Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase databases. Three independent researchers collect the identified studies using Endnote Basic and Rayyan. RESULTS: A total of 1,386 studies were identified, of which 31 were included in the analysis. These selected studies demonstrated significance regarding early and late warning signs of surgical site infection, complications, risk factors, prevention strategies, and the utilization of telemonitoring. CONCLUSION: While the studies address surgical site infection and telemonitoring, it is imperative to formulate the instruments employed in telephonic consultations, incorporating a more specific consideration of essential criteria to be addressed.

A combined experimental-molecular modeling study of crown ether europium complexes: Effects of the coordinated anion on structural and luminescence properties.

It is reported the synthesis, characterization by elemental analysis, thermogravimetry; electronic absorption, infrared, excitation, and emission spectroscopies of the [Eu(12C4)(phen)2(X)n]X2 complexes, where 12C4 = 12-crown-4, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, and X  = F-, Cl-, Br-, SCN-, ClO4-, and NO3-. It is verified that the polarizability of the anion X- exerts remarkable effects on the emission process. As a general trend, lower wavenumbers for the 7F0→5L6, 7F0→5D2 and 7F0→5D1 transitions are associated with the anions with higher volumes and, consequently, higher polarizability. The molecular modeling results performed with quantum methods (RHF and DFT) suggest some relationships between the calculated structures, electronic, and luminescence properties with the presence of the LMCT (ligand-to-metal charge transfer) states, which explains the differences in the emission spectra of these complexes due to the coordinated anion.

CD19/CD22 targeting with cotransduced CAR T cells to prevent antigen-negative relapse after CAR T-cell therapy for B-cell ALL.

ABSTRACT: CD19-negative relapse is a leading cause of treatment failure after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We investigated a CAR T-cell product targeting CD19 and CD22 generated by lentiviral cotransduction with vectors encoding our previously described fast-off rate CD19 CAR (AUTO1) combined with a novel CD22 CAR capable of effective signaling at low antigen density. Twelve patients with advanced B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated (CARPALL [Immunotherapy with CD19/22 CAR Redirected T Cells for High Risk/Relapsed Paediatric CD19+ and/or CD22+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia] study, NCT02443831), a third of whom had failed prior licensed CAR therapy. Toxicity was similar to that of AUTO1 alone, with no cases of severe cytokine release syndrome. Of 12 patients, 10 (83%) achieved a measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative complete remission at 2 months after infusion. Of 10 responding patients, 5 had emergence of MRD (n = 2) or relapse (n = 3) with CD19- and CD22-expressing disease associated with loss of CAR T-cell persistence. With a median follow-up of 8.7 months, there were no cases of relapse due to antigen-negative escape. Overall survival was 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 41%-91%) at 6 and 12 months. The 6- and 12-month event-free survival rates were 75% (95% CI, 41%-91%) and 60% (95% CI, 23%-84%), respectively. These data suggest dual targeting with cotransduction may prevent antigen-negative relapse after CAR T-cell therapy.