The role of DRP1 mediated mitophagy in HT22 cells apoptosis induced by silica nanoparticles.

Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are widely used in the biomedical field and can enter the central nervous system through the blood-brain barrier, causing damage to hippocampal neurons. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. In this experiment, HT22 cells were selected as the experimental model in vitro, and the survival rate of cells under the action of SiNPs was detected by MTT method, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were tested by the kit, the ultrastructure of the cells was observed by transmission electron microscope, membrane potential (MMP), calcium ion (Ca2+) and apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry, and the expressions of mitochondrial functional protein, mitochondrial dynein, mitochondrial autophagy protein as well as apoptosis related protein were detected by Western blot. The results showed that cell survival rate, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, ATP and MMP gradually decreased with the increase of SiNPs concentration, while intracellular ROS, Ca2+, LDH and apoptosis rate increased with the increase of SiNPs concentration. In total cellular proteins,the expressions of mitochondrial functional proteins VDAC and UCP2 gradually increased, the expression of mitochondrial dynamic related protein DRP1 increased while the expressions of OPA1 and Mfn2 decreased. The expressions of mitophagy related proteins PINK1, Parkin and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ increased and P62 gradually decreased, as well as the expressions of apoptosis related proteins Apaf-1, Cleaved-Caspase-3, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bax and Cyt-C. In mitochondrial proteins, the expressions of mitochondrial dynamic related proteins DRP1 and p-DRP1 were increased, while the expressions of OPA1 and Mfn2 were decreased. Expressions of mitochondrial autophagy associated proteins PINK1, Parkin, LC3II/LC3I increased, P62 decreased gradually, as well as the expressions of apoptosis related proteins Cleaved-Caspase-3, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 increased, and Cyt-C expressions decreased. To further demonstrate the role of ROS and DRP1 in HT22 cell apoptosis induced by SiNPs, we selected the ROS inhibitor N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) and Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) inhibitor Mdivi-1. The experimental results indicated that the above effects were remarkably improved after the use of inhibitors, further confirming that SiNPs induce the production of ROS in cells, activate DRP1, cause excessive mitochondrial division, induce mitophagy, destroy mitochondrial function and eventually lead to apoptosis.

Phytochemical reduces toxicity of PM2.5: a review of research progress.

Studies have shown that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) affects various cells, systems, and organs in vivo and in vitro. PM2.5 adversely affects human health through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy, ferroptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Phytochemicals are of interest for their broad range of physiological activities and few side effects, and, in recent years, they have been widely used to mitigate the adverse effects caused by PM2.5 exposure. In this review, the roles of various phytochemicals are summarized, including those of polyphenols, carotenoids, organic sulfur compounds, and saponin compounds, in mitigating PM2.5-induced adverse reactions through different molecular mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and ferroptosis, and regulation of autophagy. These are useful as a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of disease caused by PM2.5.

Effects of contralateral versus ipsilateral electroacupuncture for analgesia and rehabilitation after unilateral total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a treatment for advanced knee osteoarthritis. Since postoperative pain affects rehabilitation, this study aimed to determine whether electroacupuncture (EA) contralateral to the surgical site is more effective than ipsilateral EA or sham EA in terms of relieving postoperative pain and promoting post-TKA rehabilitation. METHODS: In this parallel, single-blind randomized controlled trial, 114 patients undergoing unilateral TKA were assigned to the contralateral EA (EA on the contralateral side + sham EA on the ipsilateral), ipsilateral EA (EA on the ipsilateral + sham EA on the contralateral side), or sham EA (sham EA on both sides) groups (n = 38 each). Treatment was performed once daily on postoperative days 1-3. The visual analog scale (VAS) scores, additional opioid doses via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee scores, active/passive range of motion (AROM/PROM), swelling around the knee joint, and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) scores were used for postoperative evaluation. RESULTS: At 3 days postoperatively, the VAS scores, HSS scores, AROM/PROM, swelling around the knee, and HAMA scores in the contralateral EA and ipsilateral EA groups were significantly improved compared with baseline. In addition, VAS scores, HSS scores, PROM and swelling around the knee were significantly better in the contralateral and ipsilateral EA groups than in the sham EA group, but similar in the two true EA groups. Furthermore, PCA additional dose release was significantly higher in the sham EA group than in the two true EA groups (which did not significantly differ). At 10 days postoperatively, the HSS scores, AROM/PROM, and HAMA scores were better in the contralateral and ipsilateral EA groups than in the sham EA group, but similar in the two true EA groups. CONCLUSION: Contralateral EA is more effective than sham EA for treating postoperative pain following TKA, but has an analgesic effect similar to that of ipsilateral EA. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR1800020297 (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry).

VDAC1 Protein Regulation of Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Mediated Cytotoxicity by Silica Nanoparticles in SH-SY5Y Cells.

Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have been widely used in industry, electronics, and pharmaceutical industries. In addition, it is also widely used in medicine, tumor treatment and diagnosis, as well as other biomedical and biotechnology fields. The opportunities for people to contact SiNPs through iatrogenic, occupational, and environmental exposures are gradually increasing. The damage and biological effects of SiNPs on the nervous system have attracted widespread attention in the field of toxicology. Central nerve cells are rich in mitochondria. It is suggested that the effects of SiNPs on mitochondrial damage of nerve cells may involve the maintenance of neuronal membrane potential, the synthesis and operation of neurotransmitters, and the transmission of nerve pulses, and so on. We established an experimental model of SH-SY5Y cells to detect the cell survival rate, apoptosis, changes of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential, and the expression of mitochondrial function-related enzymes and proteins, so as to reveal the possible mechanism of SiNPs on neuronal mitochondrial damage. It was found that SiNPs could cause oxidative damage to cells and mitochondria, destroy some normal functions of mitochondria, and induce apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. The voltage-dependent anion channel 1(VDAC1) protein inhibitor DIDS could effectively reduce intracellular oxidative stress, such as the reduction of ROS content, and could also usefully restore some functional proteins of mitochondria to normal levels. The inhibition of VDAC1 protein may play an important role in the oxidative damage and dysfunction of neuronal mitochondria induced by SiNPs.

The role and mechanism of unfolded protein response signaling pathway in methylmercury-induced apoptosis of mouse spermatocytes germ cell-2 cells.

The study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of unfolded protein response (UPR) in methylmercury (MeHg)-induced Mouse Spermatocytes (GC-2spd[ts]) apoptosis. Methods such as MTT, flow cytometry, and Western Blot were used to evaluate the cell viability, membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium ion (Ca2+ ), rate of cell apoptosis, and the expression of apoptosis-related and UPR-related protein. The results showed that with the increase of MeHg concentration, cell viability and MMP decreased, ROS, Ca2+ , rate of cell apoptosis, and the expression of apoptosis-related protein and UPR-related protein increased. To further explore the effect of ROS-induced oxidative damage on it, the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) was used. The effects of MeHg on germ cell (GC-2) cells were partially inhibited after NAC pretreatment. Our present study proved that MeHg might induce cell apoptosis by activating the UPR signaling pathway in GC-2 cells and affect normal reproductive function.

Case Report: Differential lung ventilation with jet ventilation via a bronchial blocker for a patient with a large thoracogastric airway fistula after esophagectomy.

Background: A thoracogastric airway fistula (TGAF) is a rare and potentially fatal complication of esophagectomy for esophageal and cardia carcinomas. Isolation of the fistula and pulmonary separation is necessary during the surgical repair of a tracheal fistula. However, currently, the reported airway management techniques are not suitable for patients with a large TGAF. This case study presents an alternative technique for performing differential lung ventilation in a patient with a thoracogastric airway fistula. Case presentation: A 70-year-old man was diagnosed with a thoracogastric airway fistula situated above the carina after esophagectomy, and a thoracoscope-assisted repair of the fistula and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap transplantation were scheduled. The patient could not tolerate one-lung ventilation and the complex intubating operation due to aspiration pneumonia and the size (3.5 cm × 1.7 cm) of the fistula. We, therefore, performed differential lung ventilation in which an extended 6.5#single-lumen endotracheal tube was inserted into the left main bronchus and a 9Fr bronchial blocker was placed in the right main bronchus by using the video-flexible intubation scope. The right lung was selectively inflated with jet ventilation, while positive pressure ventilation was maintained through the left endotracheal tube. The value of SPO2 remained above 95% throughout the operation. Conclusion: For patients with a large thoracogastric airway fistula, differential lung ventilation of a combination of positive pressure ventilation and jet ventilation is useful. Inserting an extended single-lumen endotracheal tube into the left main bronchus and a bronchial blocker into the right main bronchus could be another way of providing differential ventilation for patients with a large thoracogastric airway fistula.

Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in Childhood Asthma.

Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease in children characterized by airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. Childhood asthma is usually associated with allergy and atopy, unlike adult asthma, which is commonly associated with obesity, smoking, etc. The pathogenesis and diagnosis of childhood asthma also remains more challenging than adult asthma, such as many diseases showing similar symptoms may coexist and be confused with asthma. In terms of the treatment, although most childhood asthma can potentially be self-managed and controlled with drugs, approximately 5-10% of children suffer from severe uncontrolled asthma, which carries significant health and socioeconomic burdens. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the pathogenesis of childhood asthma from a new perspective. Studies have revealed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of respiratory diseases. In addition, altered expression of ncRNAs in blood, and in condensate of sputum or exhalation affects the progression of asthma via regulating immune response. In this review, we outline the regulation and pathogenesis of asthma and summarize the role of ncRNAs in childhood asthma. We also hold promise that ncRNAs may be used for the development of biomarkers and support a new therapeutic strategy for childhood asthma.

Effects of Separate and Combined Exposure of Cadmium and Lead on the Endochondral Ossification in Bufo gargarizans.

Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and most studies have examined the potential effects of Cd or Pb alone on aquatic organisms. In the present study, chronic effects of Cd and Pb, alone and in combination, on Bufo gargarizans were investigated by exposing embryos to these contaminants throughout metamorphosis. Significant reductions in body mass and snout-to-vent length were observed in B. gargarizans at Gosner stage 42 (Gs 42) and Gs 46 exposed to a Cd/Pb mixture. Single and combined exposure with Cd and Pb induced histological alterations of the thyroid gland characterized by reduced colloid area and thickness of epithelial cells. There was a significant decrease in the maximum jump distance of froglets exposed to Cd alone and the Cd/Pb mixture, and the jumping capacity showed a positive correlation with hind limb length and tibia/fibula. Moreover, single metals and their mixture induced reduction of endochondral bone formation in B. gargarizans. Transcriptomic and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that genes involved in skeletal ossification (TRα, TRß, Dio2, Dio3, MMP9, MMP13, Runx1, Runx2, and Runx3) were transcriptionally dysregulated by Cd and Pb exposure alone or in combination. Our results suggested that despite the low concentration tested, the Cd/Pb mixture induced more severe impacts on B. gargarizans. In addition, the Cd/Pb mixture might reduce chances of survival for B. gargarizans froglets by decreasing size at metamorphosis, impaired skeletal ossification, and reduction in jumping ability, which might result from dysregulation of genes involved in thyroid hormone action and endochondral ossification. The findings obtained could add a new dimension to understanding of the mechanisms underpinning skeletal ossification response to heavy metals in amphibians. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1228-1245. © 2022 SETAC.

One-step colorimetric detection of Staphylococcus aureus based on target-induced shielding against the peroxidase mimicking activity of aptamer-functionalized gold-coated iron oxide nanocomposites.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most threatened food-borne pathogens. Thus, it is necessary to establish fast, portable and reliable tools to realize the identification of S. aureus. Herein, the authors describe an effective colorimetric-based biosensor for the detection of S. aureus in multiple types of samples. Initially, a nanozyme composed of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles was synthesized and further modified with S. aureus-specific aptamer via Au-S bond. By utilizing the intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of the above magnetic conjugates, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) can be transferred to oxTMB by oxidation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), resulting in a visible blue color. However, the introduction of S. aureus can turn off the UV-vis absorbance signals of TMB-H2O2 system, due to the identification property of the nanozyme probe. Consequently, the optical density of the mixed solution measured at 652 nm decreased linearly as the concentration of S. aureus increased from 10 to 106 CFU mL-1, with the visible limit of detection as low as 10 CFU mL-1. The as-prepared sensor can detect S. aureus in spiked water, milk and urine samples quantitatively during 12 min without any pre-enrichment, separation or washing steps. In our perception, the one-step colorimetric assay show promise in practical on-site detection of S. aureus.

Opposing and Operated Side Electroacupuncture Generates Similar Analgesic Effects on Pain after Knee Surgery.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether opposing electroacupuncture (EA) could produce similar analgesic effects as operated side EA after knee surgery in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham surgery group, and three surgery groups: opposing EA, operated side EA, and model. After surgery, compared with the sham surgery group, three kinds of pain behavior test methods (mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), cumulative pain score [CPS], and mechanical hypersensitivity of knee) were used to assess the pain behavior of the rats in the surgery groups. After knee surgery, the three surgery groups were intervened for three consecutive days: EA on the nonoperated side in the opposing EA group, EA on the operated side in the operated side EA group, and no intervention in the model group. It was shown that MWT was higher and CPS was lower in the two EA groups than in the model group on the first and second days after surgery. On the third day after surgery, MWT in the two EA groups was the highest among the 3 days, CPS was the lowest among the 3 days, and the number of nonvocalizations in rats also increased compared with the model group. Moreover, the MWT of the nonoperated side increased more in the opposing EA group than in the model and operated side EA groups. This indicated that both opposing EA and operated side EA methods can be used to relieve pain after knee joint surgery.

Simultaneous detection of three zoonotic pathogens based on phage display peptide and multicolor quantum dots.

With the rapid development of human's exploitation of nature and animal husbandry, zoonoses have become a major public health problem worldwide. It is necessary to establish a rapid, specific and sensitive detection method to screen several zoonotic pathogenic bacteria simultaneously. In this study, phage display technology was used to screen specific peptide of three common zoonotic pathogens, E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes and B. melitensis 16 M. Then, three peptide were obtained, named E2, L4 and B4, which can identify the three pathogens respectively. Three peptide modified with biotin were synthesized and were coupled to streptavidin magnetic beads (MBs) to form peptide-MBs, which enriched the above three pathogens from the samples. Three quantum dot (QD) probes were constructed by coupling three polyclonal antibodies to different fluorescent QD surfaces (QD540, QD580 and QD630). The simultaneous detection method based on peptide-MBs and QDs multicolor fluorescent labeling was established and could detect E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes and B. melitensis 16 M simultaneously. The detection method took about 100 min with the detection limits of 103, 102 and 102 CFU/mL, respectively. The detection method could be also well utilized in real samples.

Application of electroacupuncture for postoperative pain management after total knee arthroplasty: a study protocol for a single-blinded, randomised placebo-controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) to relieve pain and promote functional rehabilitation after total knee surgery. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We propose a single-blinded, randomised placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of EA. Patients with osteoarthritis (aged 55-80 years) undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) will be included in the trial. They will be randomised to receive either EA or sham-EA. A total of 110 patients will receive EA and sham-EA for 3 days after TKA. Postoperative pain will be measured using visual analogue score, and the need for an additional dose of opioid and analgesics will be recorded as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include knee function and swelling, postoperative anxiety, postoperative nausea and vomiting among other complications. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study has been approved by the ethics committee, and subsequent modifications of the protocol will be reported and approved by it. Written informed consent will be obtained from all of the participants or their authorised agents. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR1800016200; Pre-results.

Fluorescence signal amplification assay for the detection of B. melitensis 16M, based on peptide-mediated magnetic separation technology and a AuNP-mediated bio-barcode assembled by quantum dot technology.

Members of the Brucella spp. are facultative intracellular bacteria that can cause global brucellosis, a zoonotic disease. Herein, a novel fluorescence signal amplification (FSA) method for the rapid detection of B. melitensis 16M was developed based on peptide-mediated magnetic separation (PMS) technology and Au nanoparticle (AuNP)-mediated bio-barcode assay technology assembled by quantum dots (QDs). The PMS technology was used to specifically capture and isolate B. melitensis 16M from food. The immunomagnetic bead-B. melitensis 16M bioconjugates (IMBs-B. melitensis 16M) were then identified by IgY on the surface of AuNPs and the oligonucleotide chains on the surface of the gold nanoparticles were hybridized with bio-barcodes assembled by quantum dots (QD-probe2). The IMB/B. melitensis 16M/IgY-AuNP-probe1/QD-probe2 bioconjugates were concentrated by magnetic separation. Therefore, as the concentration of B. melitensis 16M in the sample increased, the unbound QD-probe2 in the supernatant reduced, and the B. melitensis 16M in the sample could be indirectly measured by detecting the fluorescence in the supernatant. This FSA method can detect B. melitensis 16M concentration in the range of 10 to 106 cfu ml-1 without pre-enrichment, and the limit of detection (LOD) is as low as 10 cfu ml-1 with high specificity. Furthermore, the proposed method for the detection of B. melitensis 16M has a LOD of 1.07 × 102 cfu ml-1 and a linear range from 102 to 107 cfu ml-1 in milk, and a LOD of 1.72 × 102 cfu ml-1, and a linear range from 102 to 106 cfu ml-1 in lamb leach. In addition, this method takes less than 3 h to perform. Thus, the assay that was developed in this study shows promise for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of B. melitensis 16M.

Noninvasive temperature monitoring for dual-modal tumor therapy based on lanthanide-doped up-conversion nanocomposites.

Accurate treatment of photothermal therapy (PTT) is crucial to avoid the unnecessary injury of normal cells and tissues. Therefore the real-time temperature monitoring in the PTT process has drawn more and more attention in recent years. Herein, we designed and prepared one kind of lanthanide (Ln3+)-doped up-conversion nanocomposites with multi-functions, which can not only provide temperature feedback in PTT process, but also play the photodynamic therapy (PDT) function for the synergistic effect of tumor therapy. Based on NaYF4:Yb, Er up-conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), mesoporous SiO2 was modified on the surface combined with photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) molecules, which could be excited by red emission of Er3+ under the 980 nm laser. Cit-CuS NPs were further linked on the surface of the composite served as photothermal conversion agent, therefore, the temperature of the PTT site can be monitored by recording the ratio of I525/I545 of green emissions, especially within the physiological range. Based on the guidance obtained from spectral experiments, we further investigated the dual-modal therapy effect both in vitro and in vivo, respectively, and acquired decent results.

[Research Advance on Role of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation-Review].

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an important method for the treatment of hematological malignancies. The hematopoietic recovery after transplantation, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention and treatment are the key to affect transplant success. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) can improve the hematopoietic microenvironment, promote hematopoietic stem cell homing and hematopoietic recovery, support hematopoiesis. In aduition, the hUC-MSC have immune function for a variety of immune cells, can avoid and alleviate the host immune response, have a certain effect on the treatment of GVHD. This article reviews the research advances on umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Effects of remifentanil on hemodynamics, liver function and ICAM-1 expression in liver cancer patients undergoing surgery.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of remifentanil on hemodynamics, liver function, and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in patients with liver cancer undergoing surgery. A total of 60 patients who underwent liver cancer resection in The First People's Hospital of Xiangyang, Hubei University of Medicine from January 2014 to January 2016 were selected, including 33 males and 27 females, with an average age of 54.12±4.77 years. Patients were randomly divided into the control group and experimental group (n=30 each). The control group and experimental group were anesthetized with propofol/isoflurane and remifentanil/propofol, respectively. In addition to general parameters, the following parameters were analyzed: mean systolic blood pressure and mean diastolic blood pressure were obtained before treatment, during anesthesia induction and intubation, during blockade of traction reflexes in surgery, and before extubation at the end of surgery. The recovery time from anesthesia withdrawal to spontaneous breathing, time of eye opening, time of extubation, and level of consciousness were recorded. Liver expression of ICAM-1 was measured with SABC staining, and the expression of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin (TBIL) were recorded on the first, third, fifth, and seventh day after surgery. According to hemodynamic parameters, patients in the experimental group experienced a more stable condition than patients in the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the recovery time of the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). Markers of liver function (AST, ALT and TBIL) of the two groups after surgery were higher than those before surgery, and the increases of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group. ICAM-1 expression in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, anesthesia with remifentanil better maintained the stability of hemodynamics, played a protective role against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, and reduced ICAM-1 expression.

Preliminary effectiveness of breast cancer screening among 1.22 million Chinese females and different cancer patterns between urban and rural women.

To determine the preliminary effectiveness of breast cancer screening among Chinese females, 1226714 women aged 35-69 years first received clinical breast examinations. Urban women with suspected cancer received mammography followed by breast ultrasound (BUS), while rural suspected women underwent BUS followed by mammography. After one-year follow-up, 223 and 431 breast cancers were detected among urban and rural women (respectively), with overall detection rates of 0.56/1000 and 0.52/1000. Higher detection rates were significantly associated with older age at screening for both urban and rural women; additionally, urban women were at significantly higher risk if they had no job, no insurance, or were obese; additional risk factors specific to rural women included Han nationality, higher income, being unmarried, and having a family history of cancer (all P values < 0.05). Among screening-detected breast cancers in urban vs. rural women, 46.2% and 38.8% (respectively) were early stage, 62.5% and 66.3% were ≤2 centimeters, 38.0% and 47.3% included lymph-node involvement, and 14.0% and 6.0% were identified as carcinoma in situ. All abovementioned cancer characteristics were significantly better than clinic-detected cancers (all P values < 0.001). In conclusion, several important differences were found between urban and rural women in screening effectiveness and patterns of cancer distribution.

Household smoking restrictions related to secondhand smoke exposure in Guangdong, China: a population representative survey.

INTRODUCTION: China has a higher household secondhand smoke exposure rate than other countries. This study aims to estimate the prevalence rate of households implementing smoking bans in Guangdong and to identify factors correlated with household smoking bans. METHODS: A cross-sectional, stratified random cluster sampling survey was conducted in Guangdong in 2010. A total of 2,114 adults aged 15 and older completed the face-to-face interviews with a response rate of 70%. The survey employed an adapted and validated questionnaire from the China Global Adult Tobacco Survey. Household smoking policy was divided into 3 groups: full ban, partial ban, and no ban. A multiple logistic regression model was employed to explore factors related to a full household smoking ban. RESULTS: The survey found 14.2% of respondents reported a full ban, 23.6% reported a partial ban, and 62.2% reported no ban of smoking at home. Current smoking status was the strongest predictor for less restrictive household smoking policies (odds ratio [OR] = 4.9, 95% CI = 2.634-8.999). Our study suggested that people with a high level of education were more likely to implement a full household smoking ban (OR = 4.4, 95% CI = 2.388-8.178). Additionally, urban residents were significantly more likely to report a full household smoking ban than rural residents (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.202-2.322). CONCLUSIONS: Household smoking bans were not sufficiently established in Guangdong, China. Intensified efforts were called to promote home smoking bans, especially for those with a lower education level, with lower income, and living in rural areas.