Survival after minimally invasive radical hysterectomy with protective colpotomy for early-stage cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Minimally invasive surgery on treatment of early-stage cervical cancer is debatable. Traditional approaches of colpotomy are considered responsible for an inferior oncological outcome. Evidence on whether protective colpotomy could optimize minimally invasive technique and improve prognoses of women with early-stage cervical cancer remains limited. We produced a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare oncological outcomes of the patients treated by minimally invasive radical hysterectomy with protective colpotomy to those treated by open surgery according to existing literature. We explored PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to December 2022. Inclusion criteria were: (1) randomized controlled trials or observational studies published in English, (2) studies comparing minimally invasive radical hysterectomy with protective colpotomy to abdominal radical hysterectomy in early-stage cervical cancer, and (3) studies comparing survival outcomes. Two reviewers performed the screening, data extraction, and quality assessment independently. A total of 8 retrospective cohort studies with 2020 women were included in the study, 821 of whom were in the minimally invasive surgery group, and 1199 of whom were in the open surgery group. The recurrence-free survival and overall survival in the minimally invasive surgery group were both similar to that in the open surgery group (pooled hazard ratio, 0.88 and 0.78, respectively; 95% confidence interval, 0.56-1.38 and 0.42-1.44, respectively). Minimally invasive radical hysterectomy with protective colpotomy on treatment of early-stage cervical cancer had similar recurrence-free survival and overall survival compared to abdominal radical hysterectomy. Protective colpotomy could be a guaranteed approach to modifying minimally invasive technique.

[Chemome profiling of Qijiao Shengbai Capsules by UPLC-IT-TOF-MS].

Qijiao Shengbai Capsules(QJ) are a common Miao medicine serving as an adjuvant cancer therapy in clinical practice.QJ consists of seven medicinal materials such as Astragalus membranaceus and Lespedeza buergeri.Its chemical components have not been clarified and the quality control needs to be improved.In this study, LC-IT-TOF-MS was used to comprehensively collect MS~1 and MS~2 fragment information of QJ and rapidly identify the chemical compositions.The chromatographic separation was performed on the Capcell core ADME column(2.1 mm×150 mm, 2.7 µm) with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution(A) and acetonitrile(B) as mobile phases for gradient elution.High-resolution mass spectrometric information was obtained by scanning in the positive and negative ion ESI modes.A total of 107 compounds were structurally identified according to the deduced MS fragmentation patterns and comparison with standards and data reported in the literature, including 54 flavonoids, 16 phthalides, 13 alkaloids, 12 phenolic acids, 7 saponins, 2 coumarins, 2 condensed tannins, and 1 purine.This study clarified the chemical composition of QJ and provided references for the improvement of its quality standards and the elucidation of its medicinal substances.

[One new cembranoid diterpene from gum resin of Boswellia carterii].

This study aims to study the chemical components from the gum resin of Boswellia carterii. Five cembranoid diterpenes were isolated from the gum resin of B. carterii by various of column chromatographies including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties, mass spectrometry(MS), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), Ultraviolet(UV) and infrared(IR) spectroscopic data. These compounds were identified as(1S,2E,4R,5S,7E,11E)-4-methoxy-5-hydroxycembrane(1),(1R~*,4R~*,5E,8E,12E,15E)-4-hydroxycembra-5,8,12,15-tetraene(2), cembrene A(3),(3S,4S,7R)-4-hydroxycembrane(4), and pavidolide D(5). Compound 1 was a new compound. Compounds 2, 4, and 5 were obtained from the gum resin of B. carterii for the first time. Compound 2 showed weak inhibition on the human liver cancer cell line HepG2.

Rapid Determination of Adenosine in Cordyceps by Online Extraction HPLC.

In this study, determination of adenosine in Cordyceps was accomplished by an online pressurized liquid extraction HPLC, and a poroshell column was employed for rapid HPLC separation. The Cordyceps sample powder was filled into a hollow guard column and extracted by thermal and pressurized water (75°C, 150 bar) for 3 min. Chromatographic separation was conducted on a poroshell 120 SB-Aq (4.6 × 50 mm, 2.7 µm) column and gradient elution was performed by water and methanol at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 260 nm. The total measurement time including sample extraction and separation was <6 min. The calibration curve of adenosine was Y = 4.502 × 106X + 1.731 × 104, which showed good linearity (r2 > 0.9993) within tested range (4.03-80.5 µg/mL). The intra- and inter-day precisions of adenosine were 0.24% and 0.94%, respectively, and the recoveries of adenosine was 96.1% (relative standard deviation, 4.49%). The validated method was then applied to determinate adenosine in six batches of Cordyceps, and the contents of adenosine were 0.28-0.48 mg/g. The developed method is beneficial for the quality control of Cordyceps.

[Two new polypeptides from extract of deer bone extract].

Two new polypeptides were isolated and purified from the extract of deer bone (constitutive part of Cucumis and Cervus polypeptide injection) by various column chromatography including C4 300Å and Sephadex G-50, as well as semipreparative HPLC. Their N-terminal amino acid sequences were identified by De Novo sequencing on the basis of MALDI-TOF-MS data and Explorer™ software. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of polypeptides were identified as NH2-Gly-Pro-Val-Gly-Pro-Thr-Gly-Pro-Val-Gly-Ala-Ala-Gly-Pro-Ser-Gly-Pro-Asp (Mei18 peptide, 1) and NH2-Ala-Gly-Pro-Ala-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-Pro-Asp-Ser-Try-Asp (Mei23 peptide, 2), respectively. Mei18 and Mei 23 peptides are new polypeptides.

Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Meroterpenoids from the Fungus Penicillium purpurogenum MHZ 111.

Five new meroterpenoids, purpurogenolides A-E (1-5), and four known metabolites (6-9) were isolated from the solid substrate fermentation cultures of the fungus Penicillium purpurogenum MHz 111. The structures of the new meroterpenoids were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic and spectrometric data (1D and 2D NMR, IR, and HRESIMS). The absolute configurations of 1 and 5 were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis, and those of 2-4 were elucidated on the basis of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compounds 2-4 and 6 showed inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV-2 microglial cells with IC50 values of 0.8-30.0 µM.

Anti-inflammatory dimeric furanocoumarins from the roots of Angelica dahurica.

Seven new dimeric furanocoumarins, dahuribiethrins A-G (1-7), were isolated from the roots of Angelica dahurica. Their structures were determined by chemical derivatization and extensive spectroscopic techniques, including (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, HSQC, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HMBC, and NOESY experiments. Compounds 2, 3, 4, and 5 exhibited significant inhibition of nitric oxide production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells with IC50 values in the range of 8.8-9.8 µM.

Dihydrochalcones and homoisoflavanes from the red resin of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Chinese dragon's blood).

Two new dihydrochalcones, 4-hydroxy-2,4'-dimethoxydihydrochalcone (1) and 3,4'-dihydroxy-2,4,6-trimethoxydihydrochalcone (2), and a new homoisoflavane, 7,3'-dihydroxy-8,4'-dimethoxyhomoisoflavane (3), along with 12 known compounds (4-15), were isolated from the red resin of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Chinese dragon's blood). Their structures were assigned by a variety of spectroscopic techniques. Diversity of cleavage pathways were proposed for dihydrochalcones and homoisoflavanes based on the mass spectroscopic behaviors of those identified compounds using hybrid ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry. All the compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, and compound 9 exhibited mild inhibition of NO production in this assay with IC50 value of 50.3 µM.

Triterpene saponins from the roots of Ilex asprella.

Six new triterpene saponins, ilexasprellanosides A-F (1-6, resp.), together with eleven known compounds were isolated from the roots of Ilex asprella. The new saponins were characterized as ursa-12,18-dien-28-oic acid 3-O-ß-D-xylopyranoside (1), 19α-hydroxyursolic acid 3-O-ß-D-(2'-O-acetylxylopyranoside) (2), 19α-hydroxyursolic acid 3-O-ß-D-glucuronopyranoside (3), 3ß,19α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-23,28-dioic acid 28-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (4), 19α-hydroxyoleanolic acid 3-O-ß-D-(2'-O-acetylxylopyranoside) (5), 19α-hydroxyoleanolic acid 3-O-ß-D-glucuronopyranoside (6). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data and chemical degradation. Compounds 2, 4, oleanolic acid 3-O-ß-D-glucuronopyranoside, 3-ß-acetoxy-28-hydroxyurs-12-ene, and pomolic acid showed significant cytotoxic activities against human tumor cell line A549 (IC50 values of 1.87, 2.51, 1.41, 3.24, and 5.63 µM, resp.).

Ganoderiol A-enriched extract suppresses migration and adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells by inhibiting FAK-SRC-paxillin cascade pathway.

Cell adhesion, migration and invasion are critical steps for carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis. Ganoderma lucidum, also called Lingzhi in China, is a traditional Chinese medicine, which exhibits anti-proliferation, anti-inflammation and anti-metastasis properties. Herein, GAEE, G. lucidum extract mainly contains ganoderiol A (GA), dihydrogenated GA and GA isomer, was shown to inhibit the abilities of adhesion and migration, while have a slight influence on that of invasion in highly metastatic breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells at non-toxic doses. Further investigation revealed that GAEE decreased the active forms of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and disrupted the interaction between FAK and SRC, which lead to deactivating of paxillin. Moreover, GAEE treatment downregulated the expressions of RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42, and decreased the interaction between neural Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (N-WASP) and Cdc42, which impair cell migration and actin assembly. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show that G.lucidum triterpenoids could suppress cell migration and adhesion through FAK-SRC-paxillin signaling pathway. Our study also suggests that GAEE may be a potential agent for treatment of breast cancer.

Sibiricasaponins A-E, five new triterpenoid saponins from the aerial parts of Polygala sibirica L.

Five new triterpenoid saponins, named as sibiricasaponins A-E (1-5), were isolated and identified from the aerial parts of Polygala sibirica L., together with nine known triterpenoid saponins (6-14). The chemical structures of the five new triterpenoid saponins (1-5) were elucidated as 3ß,19α-dihydroxyurso-12-ene-23,28-dioic acid 3-O-ß-d-glucuronopyranoside (1), pomolic acid 3-O-(3-O-sulfo)-α-l-arabinopyranoside (2), pomolic acid 3-O-(4-O-sulfo)-ß-d-xylopyranoside (3), pomolic acid 3-O-(2-O-acetyl-3-O-sulfo)-α-l-arabinopyranoside (4), and 3-O-ß-d-glucopyranosyl medicagenic acid 28-O-ß-d-galactopyranosyl (1→4)-ß-d-xylopyranosyl (1→4)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-(4-O-acetyl)-[ß-d-apiofuranosyl (1→3)]-ß-d-fucopyranosyl ester (5), respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic data and physicochemical evidences. These isolated compounds (1-14) were evaluated for their anti-ischemic effects on oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD) model in vitro, and only compound 7 showed a weak anti-ischemia effect, with EC(50) value of 46.7µM.

Rapid determination of pesticide residues in herbs using selective pressurized liquid extraction and fast gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

A selective pressurized liquid extraction and gas chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometer method was developed for simultaneous determination of 52 pesticide residues in medicine and food dual-purpose herbs. The developed extraction method integrated extraction and cleanup processes for sample preparation. The sorbents, 5 g Florisil and 100 mg graphitized carbon black, were placed inside the extraction cell to remove matrix interferences. Optimized conditions of selective pressurized liquid extraction were ethyl acetate as extraction solvent, 120°C of extraction temperature, 6 min of static extraction time, 50% of flush volume extracted for two cycles. An ultra inert capillary GC-MS HP-5 UI column (20 m × 0.18 mm id, 0.18 µm) and column backflush system were used for the analysis. Multiple-reaction monitoring was employed for the quantitative analysis with electron ionization mode. All calibration curves showed good linearity (r(2) > 0.995) within the test ranges. The average recoveries of most pesticides were from 81 to 118%. The validated method was successfully applied for the determination of pesticide residues in four herbs. The results indicate that selective pressurized liquid extraction and GC-MS/MS is a sensitive and reliable analytical method for the simultaneous determination of multiple pesticide residues in herbs.

Enantioseparation and absolute configuration determination of angular-type pyranocoumarins from peucedani radix using enzymatic hydrolysis and chiral HPLC-MS/MS analysis.

Angular-type pyranocoumarins from Peucedani Radix (Chinese name: Qian-hu) have exhibited potential for use on treatment of cancer and pulmonary hypertension. Due to the existence of C-3' and C-4' chiral centers, compounds belonging to this chemical type commonly exist in enantiomers and/or diastereoisomers, which may elicit distinct activities during their interactions with the human body. In the present study, a new method, which combines enzymatic hydrolysis with chiral LC-MS/MS analysis, has been developed to determine the absolute configurations of these angular-type pyranocoumarins. Pyranocoumarins isolated from Qian-hu, their enantiomers, or metabolites were individually incubated with rat liver microsomes. As the common end product from enzymatic hydrolysis of all tested pyranocoumarins, cis-khellactone was collected and its absolute configuration was determined by comparison with (+)-cis-khellactone and (-)-cis-khellactone using chiral LC-MS/MS. The absolute configurations of all tested parent pyranocoumarins were determined by combination of LC-MS/MS, NMR and polarimetric analysis. The results revealed that the metabolite cis-khellactone retained the same absolute configurations of the stereogenic carbons as the respective parent compound. This method was proven to be rapid and sensitive and also has advantages in discriminating single enantiomers and mixtures of optical isomers with different ratios.