RESUMO
PURPOSE: Satisfaction with the nasal appearance is a crucial outcome parameter in functional rhinoplasty (fRPL). The visual analogue scale is a suitable instrument not only for the preoperative patient assessment, but also as a patient-reported outcome measure in fRPL. In this study, we analyzed whether a high discrepancy in the preoperative subjective perception of the nasal appearance between patients and other individuals predicts a lower level of satisfaction with the postoperative result and hence a worse outcome of fRPL. METHODS: Standardized facial pictures of patients (n = 80) who underwent fRPL were taken preoperatively, 3 and 12 months postoperatively. In addition, patients were asked to complete the German version of the Utrecht Outcome Assessment Questionnaire in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty (D-OAR). The standardized facial pictures of the patients were presented to surgeons as well as to examiners without a medical background, and they were asked to evaluate the patients' nasal appearance using the visual analogue scale. RESULTS: The external evaluation of patient's nasal appearance was 1.7 points higher in median than the patient's subjective perception (range -5.7-7.00). A large discrepancy between self- and external estimation significantly correlates with higher D-OAR values (r = 0.539, p < 0.001). Patients with high scores in the D-OAR trick questions, indicating a body dysmorphic disorder, show a significant larger discrepancy between the external- and the self-assessment (2.8 ± 0.5 vs. 1.4 ± 0.3, mean ± SEM, p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Large discrepancies between the self and external assessment of the nasal appearance are associated with a high-perceived influence of the appearance of the nose on the quality of life in patients undergoing functional rhinoplasty. That might be an indicator for unrealistic expectations concerning the postoperative outcome. Knowledge about this factor helps to identify the need for intensive discussion about possibilities and limitations of the planned procedure to avoid postoperative dissatisfaction.
Assuntos
Rinoplastia , Humanos , Rinoplastia/métodos , Qualidade de Vida , Satisfação do Paciente , Nariz/cirurgia , Estética , Percepção , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Tonsillectomy (TE) and tonsillotomy (TO) due to recurrent episodes of acute tonsillitis (RAT) belong to the most frequent surgical procedures. However, an adequate objective marker predicting the outcome of TE/TO preoperatively is missing. METHODS: Patients with RAT who underwent TE/TO (n = 31) were included in this pilot study. A panel of cytokines and chemokines in serum and saliva were determined preoperatively. Health-related quality of life was assessed pre- and postoperatively by the Tonsillectomy Outcome Inventory-14. RESULTS: Health-related quality of life improved significantly after surgery. Increased serum levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) are associated with a less successful outcome. No correlation between the number of acute tonsillitis episodes and the health-related quality of life after TE or TO could be observed. CONCLUSIONS: Tonsillectomy and TO improve health-related quality of life independently from the number of past acute tonsillitis episodes. Interleukin-8 and IFN-γ in serum may serve as promising markers, predicting the benefit of TE or TO for patients preoperatively.
Assuntos
Interleucina-8/sangue , Receptores de Interferon/sangue , Tonsilectomia , Tonsilite/sangue , Tonsilite/cirurgia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Quimiocinas/sangue , Citocinas/sangue , Humanos , Projetos Piloto , Período Pré-Operatório , Qualidade de Vida , Recidiva , Resultado do Tratamento , Receptor de Interferon gamaRESUMO
Improvement of nasal breathing is considered to be the major aspect of functional rhinoplasty (fRPL). Nevertheless, simultaneous aesthetic modifications can be required to achieve sufficient functional enhancement. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the influence of the subjective perception of the nasal appearance on the outcome of fRPL. Patients undergoing fRPL were asked to complete the German version of the Utrecht Questionnaire for Outcome Assessment in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty (D-OAR) preoperatively, 1, 3 and 12 months after surgery. The patients' satisfaction with the procedure's result was determined using a five-point Likert scale 1, 3 and 12 months after rhinoplasty. In total, 87 patients (42 males and 45 females) with a median age of 25 years undergoing fRPL were included in this study. Compared to males, females showed diminished VAS scores (4.03 ± 2.02 vs 2.71 ± 1.96, p = 0.006) and higher D-OAR scores during preoperative outpatient consultation (13.34 ± 5.00 vs 16.07 ± 5.62, p = 0.020). An increase in the VAS score and a decrease in the D-OAR score were observed independent of gender post-operatively. Significant correlations between the patients' satisfaction and the D-OAR score at each time point of assessment were demonstrated, whereas no significant correlation between the post-operative patients' satisfaction and the initial D-OAR score could be identified. These results demonstrate the importance of body image and the subjective perception of the nasal appearance in particular in patients undergoing fRPL which should be taken into consideration of surgeons preoperatively. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Assuntos
Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Obstrução Nasal/cirurgia , Satisfação do Paciente , Qualidade de Vida , Rinoplastia/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obstrução Nasal/diagnóstico , Obstrução Nasal/psicologia , Medição da Dor , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rinoplastia/psicologia , Medição de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CTX) is commonly used concurrently with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. The value of CTX regimens other than cisplatin for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (LASCCHN) has not been well established. Here we compare the outcome of patients treated with different platinum-based chemotherapy regimens. METHODS: Medical records from 104 patients with LASCCHN treated with radiochemotherapy (RCTX) between February 2013 and August 2016 were analyzed. RESULTS: All patients were treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (51 definitive, 53 postoperative). The median total dose was 66.6 Gy and the median fraction dose was 1.8 Gy. 81 (78%) patients were administered cisplatin CTX, 23 (22%) patients received carboplatin and paclitaxel (CarboTaxol). The rate of recurrence was 38% in patients treated with cisplatin and 30% in CarboTaxol-treated patients (p = 0.6). Regarding the CTX regimens, event-free survival (EFS) was 37 versus 30 months (p = 0.6) and overall survival (OS) was 35 versus 28 months (p = 0.5) in cisplatin group versus CarboTaxol group, respectively. Significantly higher grade 3/4 acute toxicity in terms of dysphagia was observed following cisplatin-based RCTX (p = 0.002). In multivariable analysis, females and patients with early primary tumors (T1-2) have longer EFS and OS, regardless the CTX regimen. CONCLUSIONS: Primary or adjuvant RCXT with CarboTaxol is a safe and effective treatment alternative for LASCCHN patients with contraindication to cisplatin-based RCTX.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Transtornos de Deglutição/epidemiologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/efeitos adversos , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/métodos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Carboplatina/administração & dosagem , Carboplatina/efeitos adversos , Quimiorradioterapia/efeitos adversos , Quimiorradioterapia/métodos , Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Fracionamento da Dose de Radiação , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Paclitaxel/efeitos adversos , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Questionnaires have proven their worth in detecting changes in quality of life after medical interventions. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale (NOSE) is a reliable and valid tool to identify restrictions of quality of life in patients with nasal problems. The aim of this prospective study was the validation of the German version of the NOSE scale (D-NOSE). METHODS: Adaption of the NOSE in German language was performed by forward and backward translation process. Patients undergoing functional septorhinoplasty were asked to complete the D-NOSE preoperatively, one, three or twelve months after surgery. Healthy volunteers served as controls. Reliability, validity and responsiveness of the D-NOSE were determined. RESULTS: The D-NOSE showed a good internal consistency as well as good inter-item, item-total correlation and a satisfactory test-retest reliability. The convincing validity of the adapted NOSE scale was approved by good construct validity and an excellent discriminant validity. Furthermore, a high sensitivity to identify clinical changes due to an intervention indicates a good responsiveness of the D-NOSE. CONCLUSIONS: The adapted German version of the NOSE questionnaire (D-NOSE) is an appropriate and validated tool to assess the influence of nasal obstruction in quality of life in German speaking patients.
Assuntos
Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Obstrução Nasal/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Avaliação de Sintomas/normas , Adulto , Feminino , Alemanha , Humanos , Idioma , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obstrução Nasal/cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Peritonsillar inflammation is a common characteristic of both peritonsillar abscess (PTA) and peritonsillitis (PC). The aim of the present study was to apply the PTA score as an objective criterion to identify patients with peritonsillar inflammation (PI) who might profit from medical treatment. Hence, the recently developed PTA score was applied retrospectively on patients suffering from acute tonsillitis, peritonsillitis, and peritonsillar abscess. Analysis of the clinical data, the follow-up, and the initial PTA score was performed. Patients with peritonsillar inflammation show significant higher PTA score values compared to patients with acute tonsillitis without peritonsillar inflammation and healthy controls. Patients with a PTA score ≤ 2 profited from medical treatment consisting of antibiotics in 92.3% of the cases. In 89.2% of the patients with a PTA score > 2, pus was detected during abscess relief. Patients with peritonsillar inflammation who profited from medical treatment had significantly reduced PTA score values and a reduced duration of hospitalization compared to the patients with abscess relief. Thus, the PTA score has the potential as an objective criterion to identify patients with peritonsillar inflammation profiting from medical treatment. Hence, application of the PTA score helps to determine an optimal, individualized treatment approach and might reduce utilization of medical resources.
Assuntos
Calgranulina A/metabolismo , Calgranulina B/metabolismo , Abscesso Peritonsilar/imunologia , Língua/imunologia , Tonsilite/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Escala de Gravidade do Ferimento , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Outcome of functional rhinoplasty depends on different domains such as functional and aesthetic improvement. The aim of this study was to develop a brief and comprehensible questionnaire to identify patient motivation to undergo rhinoplasty and to measure the outcome of an intervention within a short time during outpatient consultation. Patients undergoing rhinoplasty were asked to complete the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) questionnaire, the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale, and the Utrecht Questionnaire for Outcome Assessment in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty (OAR) preoperatively, as well as one, three, and twelve months postoperatively. Patient satisfaction after surgery was assessed at postoperative consultations using a five-point Likert scale. Principle component analysis was performed to reveal the main domains, which were detected by the different questionnaires. Items with the strongest loading on a factor were identified by correlation matrix. Influence of the nasal appearance on the quality of life, troubles with nasal breathing, subjective perception of nasal appearance, and the wish for modification or alteration were found to be the four important domains of the questionnaires. The questions with the strongest loading on these domains were compiled and the four-component questionnaire (4CQ) was developed. The 4CQ is a very effective instrument to obtain a comprehensive impression of the varied determinants representing the major motifs to undergo functional rhinoplasty within a short time. The preoperative assessment of the 4CQ allows an estimation concerning the expected outcome.
Assuntos
Motivação , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Satisfação do Paciente , Rinoplastia/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Collagen Type VI (COLVI) is an extracellular matrix protein that is upregulated in various solid tumours during tumour progression and has been shown to stimulate proliferation, suppress apoptosis and promote invasion and metastasis. It has also been described as a mediator of chemotherapy resistance and as a therapeutic target in preclinical cancer models. Here, we aimed to analyse the prognostic role of COLVI in salivary gland cancer (SGC). METHODS: Stromal COLVI protein expression was assessed in primary SGC specimens of 91 patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The IHC expression patterns obtained were subsequently correlated with various survival and clinicopathological features, including Ki-67 and p53 expression. RESULTS: We found that COLVI was expressed in all SGC specimens. High expression was found to be associated with features of malignancy such as high histologic grades, advanced and invasive T stages and metastatic lymph node involvement (p < 0.05 for all variables). COLVI expression was also found to correlate with both Ki-67 and p53 expression (p < 0.01). We found that high COLVI expression predicted a significantly inferior 5-year overall survival (38.3%, 55.1% and 93.8%; p = 0.002) and remained a significant predictor of prognosis in a multivariate Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio, 2.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-5.61; p = 0.013). In all low-risk subgroups COLVI expression identified patients with an adverse outcome. Patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy had a poor survival when expressing high levels of COLVI. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that stromal COLVI expression associates with key features of malignancy, represents a novel independent prognostic factor and may affect response to radiotherapy in SGC. Although our results warrant validation in an independent cohort, assessing stromal COLVI expression may be suitable for future diagnostic and therapeutic decision making in patients with SGC.
Assuntos
Colágeno Tipo VI/metabolismo , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/metabolismo , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Apoptose/genética , Proliferação de Células/genética , Proliferação de Células/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Neoplasias Parotídeas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Parotídeas/patologia , Prognóstico , Análise Serial de Tecidos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Salivary gland cancer (SGC) is a rare and heterogeneous disease with significant differences in recurrence and metastasis characteristics. As yet, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the initiation and/or progression of these diverse tumors. In recent years, the AAA+ ATPase family members Pontin (RuvBL1, Tip49a) and Reptin (RuvBL2, Tip49b) have been implicated in various processes, including transcription regulation, chromatin remodeling and DNA damage repair, that are frequently deregulated in cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and functional significance of Reptin and Pontin expression in SGC. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining of Pontin, Reptin, ß-catenin, Cyclin D1, TP53 and MIB-1 was performed on a collection of 94 SGC tumor samples comprising 13 different histological subtypes using tissue microarrays. RESULTS: We found that Reptin and Pontin were expressed in the majority of SGC samples across all histological subtypes. Patients with a high Reptin expression showed a significantly inferior 5-year overall survival rate compared to patients with a low Reptin expression (47.7% versus 78.3%; p = 0.033), whereas no such difference was observed for Pontin. A high Reptin expression strongly correlated with a high expression of the proliferation marker MIB-1 (p = 0.003), the cell cycle regulator Cyclin D1 (p = 0.006), accumulation of TP53 as a surrogate p53 mutation marker (p = 0.042) and cytoplasmic ß-catenin expression (p = 0.002). Increased Pontin expression was found to significantly correlate with both cytoplasmic and nuclear ß-catenin expression (p = 0.037 and p = 0.018, respectively), which is indicative for its oncogenic function. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a role of Reptin and Pontin in SGC tumor progression and/or patient survival. Therefore, SGC patients exhibiting a high Reptin expression may benefit from more aggressive therapeutic regimens. Future studies should clarify whether such patients may be considered for more radical surgery, extended adjuvant therapy and/or targeted therapy.
Assuntos
ATPases Associadas a Diversas Atividades Celulares/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , DNA Helicases/metabolismo , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal vestibule is a rare entity. In consequence disagreement in etiology, staging system and therapy of primary tumor with or without adjuvant treatment of regional lymph nodes are apparent. METHODS: Pubmed-Recherche of relevant literature concerning: lymphatic drainage, metastases, incidence, risk factors (leather, nickel, nicotine, human papillomavirus, Staging system (UICC, AJCC, Wang's system), therapy of the primary tumor, regional lymph nodes and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Fifty-five studies were found and analyzed. Results are inconsistent. CONCLUSION: The Wang-classification is recommended. Radiation and surgery are the treatment of choice for small lesions. Larger lesions (T3-Wang) should be treated with a combined approach. In cT1-cT2cN0-situation after accurate diagnostic, an elective therapy of regional lymph nodes is not necessary.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias Nasais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Humanos , Neoplasias Nasais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Nasais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Nasais/patologia , Neoplasias Nasais/terapia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The patient's satisfaction with the esthetic result is a major criterion of success in septorhinoplasty. However, the idea of esthetic perfection varies greatly and primarily depends on subjective perception. Hence, patient-reported instruments are important and necessary to assess the outcome in septorhinoplasty. To analyze the potential of the visual analog scale (VAS) as a patient-reported outcome measure in septorhinoplasty, the perception of the nasal appearance was assessed by a VAS pre- and postoperatively in 213 patients undergoing septorhinoplasty. Furthermore, in this prospective study, the patients' satisfaction concerning the procedure's result was analyzed using a five-point Likert scale. Females had lower preoperative VAS scores but a higher increase compared to males. Patients with lower initial VAS scores showed a higher improvement in the VAS score postoperatively compared to patients with higher initial VAS scores. Satisfaction with the result depends on the increase in the VAS score value. The VAS scale is a short and comprehensible tool to assess patients' perception of nasal appearance preoperatively and represents an appropriate instrument to assess the esthetic patient-reported outcome in septorhinoplasty.Level of Evidence IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Assuntos
Septo Nasal/cirurgia , Dor Pós-Operatória/diagnóstico , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Rinoplastia/efeitos adversos , Escala Visual Analógica , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Estudos de Coortes , Intervalos de Confiança , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Análise de Regressão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rinoplastia/métodos , Medição de Risco , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores Sexuais , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is a very frequent reason for urgent outpatient consultation and otolaryngological hospital admission. Early, correct diagnosis and therapy of peritonsillar abscess are important to prevent possible life-threatening complications. Based on physical examinations, a reliable differentiation between peritonsillar cellulitis and peritonsillar abscess is restricted. A heterodimeric complex called calprotectin consists of the S100 proteins A8 and A9 (S100A8/A9) and is predominantly expressed not only in monocytes and neutrophils but also in epithelial cells. Due to its release by activated phagocytes at local sites of inflammation, we assumed S100A8/A9 to be a potential biomarker for peritonsillar abscess. We examined serum and saliva of patients with peritonsillitis, acute tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, and healthy controls and found significantly increased levels of S100A8/A9 in patients with PTA. Furthermore, we could identify halitosis, trismus, uvula edema, and unilateral swelling of the arched palate to be characteristic symptoms for PTA. Using a combination of these characteristic symptoms and S100A8/A9 levels, we developed a PTA score as an objective and appropriate tool to differentiate between peritonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 93%.
Assuntos
Calgranulina A/sangue , Calgranulina B/sangue , Abscesso Peritonsilar/sangue , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Calgranulina A/metabolismo , Calgranulina B/metabolismo , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Abscesso Peritonsilar/metabolismo , Abscesso Peritonsilar/patologia , Saliva/metabolismoRESUMO
The outcome of aesthetic rhinoplasty is determined by the patient's subjective satisfaction with the nasal appearance which is difficult to assess. The Utrecht Questionnaire for Outcome Assessment in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty (OAR) is a brief and reliable instrument to assess the influence of the subjective nasal appearance on quality of life in patients undergoing aesthetic rhinoplasty. Preoperative application of this questionnaire reveals important aspects and possible disturbances of the body image which could be negative predictors concerning the result. On the other hand, it represents an appropriate tool to assess the postoperative outcome. The aim of this study was to determine the validity, reliability and responsiveness of the adapted German version of the OAR (D-OAR). The adaption of the OAR to German language was performed by a forward and backward translation process. Patients undergoing rhinoplasty were asked to complete the D-OAR preoperatively, 1, 3 and 12 months after procedure and healthy volunteers without any nasal complaints served as controls to test validity, reliability and responsiveness. An excellent internal consistency, a good test-retest reliability and good inter-item and item-total correlations demonstrated a good reliability of the D-OAR. The convincing validity of the adapted version was proven by an excellent discriminant and a sufficient content validity. Significant differences between pre- and postoperative D-OAR scores revealed a good responsiveness of the instrument. Hence, with a sufficient validity, reliability and sensitivity to changes, the D-OAR is a short and helpful instrument to assess the subjective perception of the nasal appearance in German patients.
Assuntos
Estética , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Qualidade de Vida , Rinoplastia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Alemanha , Humanos , Idioma , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação do Paciente , Percepção , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIMS: Cancer of the major salivary glands comprises a morphologically diverse group of rare tumours of largely unknown cause. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to play a significant prognostic role in various human cancers. The aim was to assess the expression of EMT markers in different histological subtypes of parotid gland cancer (PGC) and analyse their prognostic value. METHODS: We examined 94 PGC samples (13 histological subtypes) for the expression of MIB-1, epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), ß-catenin, vimentin and cytokeratin 8/18 (CK8/18) by means of immunohistochemistry. The experimental findings were correlated with clinicopathological and survival parameters. RESULTS: We detected all analysed EMT and proliferation markers in specifically different constellations within the examined histological subtypes of PGC. We found high epithelial marker expressions (CK8/18, E-cadherin, membranous ß-catenin) only in a distinct variety of carcinomas. A high proliferation rate (high MIB-1 expression) as well as a combination of high CK8/18 and low vimentin expression was associated with a significantly worse survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that activation of the EMT pathway is a relevant explanation for tumour progression in individual histological subtypes of malignant parotid gland lesions, but by far not in all. Evidence of EMT activation in PGC cannot be seen as an isolated prognostic factor.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Caderinas/metabolismo , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Neoplasias Parotídeas/diagnóstico , Vimentina/metabolismo , beta Catenina/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antígenos CD , Proliferação de Células , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Glândula Parótida/patologia , Neoplasias Parotídeas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Parotídeas/patologia , Neoplasias Parotídeas/cirurgia , Prognóstico , Análise Serial de Tecidos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A 60-year-old woman was referred to contrast-enhanced CT for evaluation of jugular vein thrombosis incidentally detected by ultrasound. Contrast-enhanced CT showed an enhanced tumor of the right skull base highly suspicious of jugulotympanic paraganglioma. However, the jugular veins showed a nearly symmetric contrast enhancement without clear evidence of thrombosis. Consecutive Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT depicted high tumor uptake, which comprised the entire internal jugular vein. Endovascular growth of paraganglioma might be missed on contrast-enhanced CT because of high vascularization of the lesion. Ga-DOTATATE PET is suited for accurate determination of tumor extent.
Assuntos
Tumor do Glomo Jugular/diagnóstico por imagem , Paraganglioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons combinada à Tomografia Computadorizada , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Compostos Organometálicos , Compostos RadiofarmacêuticosRESUMO
Although septorhinoplasty is the most commonly performed operation in plastic surgery, and the surgical plan as well as its outcome is directly related to the configuration of the anatomical structures in the nose, these are not routinely assessed preoperatively. The aim of our study was to evaluate the nasal soft tissue and cartilaginous structures by means of high-resolution ultrasonography to set up clinical correlations and standard values. We examined 44 patients before septorhinoplasty by high-resolution ultrasonography in noncontact mode. All pictures were quantitatively evaluated by measuring 13 lengths and 4 ratios. All patients underwent a rhinomanometry measuring the nasal air flow. Besides others, men as well as older patients have a significantly thicker alar cartilage. Patients with thinner alar cartilages have a significantly smaller interdomal distance as well as significantly thinner upper lateral cartilages. The soft tissue above the bony dorsum was significantly thicker in older patients. Younger patients have significantly thicker soft tissue in relation to their cartilage. Patients with thicker soft tissue and thinner cartilage have a smaller tip. The interdomal distance and the thickness of the cartilaginous septum significantly correlated with the nasal air flow. We set up standard values of nasal structures in septorhinoplasty patients which can be used as reference values. By judging cartilage and soft tissue characteristics preoperatively, relevant factors for distinct procedures could be analyzed and the surgical steps can be better planned. Visualization by ultrasonography enables the surgeon to achieve treatment goals in a more predictable fashion.
Assuntos
Nariz/anatomia & histologia , Nariz/diagnóstico por imagem , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Rinoplastia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Septo Nasal/cirurgia , Nariz/fisiologia , Nariz/cirurgia , Valores de Referência , Rinoplastia/métodos , Ultrassonografia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an aggressive adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands associated with poor clinical outcome. SDCs are known to carry TP53 mutations in about 50%, however, only little is known about alternative pathogenic mechanisms within the p53 regulatory network. Particularly, data on alterations of the oncogenes MDM2 and CDK4 located in the chromosomal region 12q13-15 are limited in SDC, while genomic rearrangements of the adjacent HMGA2 gene locus are well documented in subsets of SDCs. We here analyzed the mutational status of the TP53 gene, genomic amplification of MDM2, CDK4 and HMGA2 rearrangement/amplification as well as protein expression of TP53 (p53), MDM2 and CDK4 in 51 de novo and ex pleomorphic adenoma SDCs.25 of 51 cases were found to carry TP53 mutations, associated with extreme positive immunohistochemical p53 staining levels in 13 cases. Three out of 51 tumors had an MDM2 amplification, one of them coinciding with a CDK4 amplification and two with a HMGA2 rearrangement/amplification. Two of the MDM2 amplifications occurred in the setting of a TP53 mutation. Two out of 51 cases showed a CDK4 amplification, one synchronously being MDM2 amplified and the other one displaying concurrent low copy number increases of both, MDM2 and HMGA2.In summary, we here show that subgroups of SDCs display genomic amplifications of MDM2 and/or CDK4, partly in association with TP53 mutations and rearrangement/amplification of HMGA2. Further research is necessary to clarify the role of chromosomal region 12q13-15 alterations in SDC tumorigenesis and their potential prognostic and therapeutic relevance.
Assuntos
Quinase 4 Dependente de Ciclina/genética , Amplificação de Genes , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-mdm2/genética , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Feminino , Genes p53 , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mutação , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/mortalidade , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/terapiaRESUMO
The objective of this study is to analyze the accuracy of computed tomography in detecting malignant thyroid cartilage invasion. In a retrospective chart review, 120 patients with carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx underwent computed tomography before total laryngectomy. These data were compared with the histological specimens. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scan had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 76 % and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 69 %. The specificity of MDCT was 89 % and sensitivity was 46 %. Comparison between radiologic suspected cartilage invasion and histologic results showed a significant correlation (p < 0.02). We found no significant impact of cartilage invasion concerning survival rates (5-year overall survival p = 0.683; 5-year disease-free survival p = 0.711). Preoperative CT scan is an important instrument in detecting neoplastic cartilage invasion.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hipofaríngeas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirurgia , Laringectomia , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores , Cartilagem Tireóidea/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Neoplasias Hipofaríngeas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hipofaríngeas/patologia , Neoplasias Laríngeas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patologia , Laringectomia/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Cartilagem Tireóidea/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has received more and more attention as an outcome in cancer therapy. In this exploratory study, we assessed the long-term HRQOL among 77 surgically treated patients with parotid gland cancer. METHODS: The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30-questions (EORTC-QLQ-C30) and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 Head and Neck 35-questions (EORTC-QLQ-C30-H&N35) questionnaires were used in a cross-sectional design. The mean time-lag between initial diagnosis and completion of the questionnaire was 89.7 months. RESULTS: The HRQOL significantly increased with the time-lag to surgery and decreased with the patients' age. Factors with clinically significant effects in several areas of long-term HRQOL (ie, more than 4 scores) were age, type of neck dissection, preoperative facial nerve palsy, and postoperative radiation therapy. CONCLUSION: In parotid gland cancer surgery, factors, such as sex, age, type of surgery, facial nerve palsy, and radiation therapy, seem to be associated with clinically meaningful differences in long-term HRQOL scores.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Parotídeas/cirurgia , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esvaziamento Cervical/métodos , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Parotídeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Parotídeas/radioterapia , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Salivary gland cancer represents a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors. Due to their low incidence and the existence of multiple morphologically defined subtypes, these tumors are still poorly understood with regard to their molecular pathogenesis and therapeutically relevant genetic alterations.Performing a systematic and comprehensive study covering 13 subtypes of salivary gland cancer, next generation sequencing was done on 84 tissue samples of parotid gland cancer using multiplex PCR for enrichment of cancer related gene loci covering hotspots of 46 cancer genes.Mutations were identified in 22 different genes. The most frequent alterations affected TP53, followed by RAS genes, PIK3CA, SMAD4 and members of the ERB family. HRAS mutations accounted for more than 90% of RAS mutations, occurring especially in epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas and salivary duct carcinomas. Additional mutations in PIK3CA also affected particularly epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas and salivary duct carcinomas, occurring simultaneously with HRAS mutations in almost all cases, pointing to an unknown and therapeutically relevant molecular constellation. Interestingly, 14% of tumors revealed mutations in surface growth factor receptor genes including ALK, HER2, ERBB4, FGFR, cMET and RET, which might prove to be targetable by new therapeutic agents. 6% of tumors revealed mutations in SMAD4.In summary, our data provide novel insight into the fundamental molecular heterogeneity of salivary gland cancer, relevant in terms of tumor classification and the establishment of targeted therapeutic concepts.