RESUMO
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) are the most common primary liver malignancies. HCC and ICC have characteristic imaging findings, but a number of benign entities can appear similar and can cause diagnostic dilemma. Ideally, accurate and timely diagnosis of these conditions can help the patient to avoid a needle biopsy or even unnecessary treatment. In this article, we present various benign liver lesions that display imaging characteristics that are similar to HCC and ICC on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and discuss salient features that may assist in accurate diagnosis.
Assuntos
Adenoma de Células Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Colangiocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Adenoma de Ducto Biliar/diagnóstico por imagem , Adenoma de Ducto Biliar/patologia , Adenoma de Células Hepáticas/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Angiomiolipoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Angiomiolipoma/patologia , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/patologia , Meios de Contraste , Cistos/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistos/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/patologia , Hemangioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemangioma/patologia , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/diagnóstico por imagem , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/patologia , Humanos , Abscesso Hepático/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Derivação Portossistêmica Cirúrgica/estatística & dados numéricos , Esplenose/diagnóstico por imagem , Esplenose/patologiaRESUMO
A 92-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with urinary symptoms, fever and suprapubic tenderness. Her inflammatory markers were raised. Urine and blood cultures were negative. Computed tomography performed to look for a source of sepsis showed distension of the uterine cavity with high-attenuation fluid, an air-fluid level and gas locules along the uterine wall. The causes, clinical presentation and imaging features of pyometra are discussed.
Assuntos
Leiomioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Piometra/diagnóstico por imagem , Sepse/diagnóstico por imagem , Útero/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , China , Complicações do Diabetes/diagnóstico por imagem , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Feminino , Febre/complicações , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Inflamação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Isquemia Miocárdica/diagnóstico por imagem , Necrose , Peritonite/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Background Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate insecticide, acaricide, and miticide used primarily to control foliage and soilborne insect pests on a variety of food and feed crops. Since trace amounts of these compounds are found in water and food products, they easily enter into the organ system unnoticed. In the same way, the compound or its metabolite gets transmitted from the parent to the embryo mainly through blood vessels. Since blood vessels form the major route of transport, it is pertinent to study the effect of these compounds during angiogenesis. The effect of CPF and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) on the angiogenesis of chick embryo was evaluated in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) using an ex vivo model. Methods Nine-day-old incubated eggs where inoculated with various doses of CPF and TCPy. After 48 h of incubation, the CAM layers were retrieved and analyzed using angiogenesis software to obtain the density of blood vessels. Histomorphometric studies were performed to measure the thickness of vessel walls. The expression of VEGF, VEGFR2, and N-cadherin genes responsible for angiogenesis were analyzed. Results The exposure to the parent compound CPF and its metabolite TCPy promoted angiogenesis in groups administered with lower concentration of the pesticide and its metabolite, whereas a decline in angiogenesis was observed at higher concentrations. These observations were made by analyzing the density, histomorphometry results, and semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results. The density, thickness, and lumen size of blood vessels in the groups with low concentration of CPF and TCPy were 28.34, 9 µm, and 30 µm, respectively, whereas in the groups with higher CPF and TCPy concentrations, they were 12, 3 µm, and 9 µm, respectively. Conclusions Hence, CPF and its metabolites interfere with angiogenesis in the CAM of chick embryos. Because of their estrogen-mimicking ability, pesticides are the prime etiological suspects of increasing alteration in blood vessel formation. These results may be of help in future studies on the effect of CPF in embryonic growth, wound healing, diabetes, and tumors.
Assuntos
Indutores da Angiogênese/farmacologia , Clorpirifos/metabolismo , Clorpirifos/farmacologia , Membrana Corioalantoide/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Embrião de GalinhaRESUMO
A 25-year-old man presented with chronic low back pain and occasional radiation to the right lower limb. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography (CT) of the lumbar spine showed an osteolytic expansile lesion with a central sclerotic nidus in the right superior facet of the L5 vertebra and surrounding marrow oedema. The diagnosis of osteoblastoma was made based on imaging findings and confirmed after CT-guided biopsy. Radiofrequency ablation of the lesion was successfully performed. The patient tolerated the procedure well and showed symptomatic relief. The imaging features and management of osteoblastoma are discussed.
Assuntos
Dor Crônica/diagnóstico por imagem , Dor Lombar/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Ablação por Cateter , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Osteoblastoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteólise , Osteoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Ondas de Rádio , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Dental prosthesis is an uncommon ingested non-food foreign body in adults. Once swallowed, it can lead to serious complications and morbidity. Hence, early localization of the offending foreign body is crucial for timely management. As the dentures are usually made up of non-metallic material and often impacted at or below the level of C7 vertebra, conventional radiograph has limited role in their evaluation. We describe the clinical history and imaging findings of swallowed partial dentures in four patients who presented to the emergency department. The dentures were localized using unenhanced CT of the neck that showed the characteristic mildly hyperdense curvilinear or irregular appearance of the dentures within the upper esophagus. Multiplanar CT reconstructions provide an orientation of the ingested denture within the esophagus, thus guiding the endoscopist.
Assuntos
Dentaduras , Esôfago/diagnóstico por imagem , Corpos Estranhos/diagnóstico por imagem , Corpos Estranhos/terapia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Acidentes por Quedas , Adulto , Deglutição , Esofagoscopia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Diverticular disease of the appendix is rare and is usually diagnosed during surgery. We report a case of a 50-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with right lower quadrant pain of 1-day duration. A preoperative diagnosis of appendiceal diverticulitis was made by computed tomography of the abdomen. The patient underwent emergency laparoscopic appendectomy, which confirmed the diagnosis.
Assuntos
Apendicectomia , Apendicite/diagnóstico por imagem , Apendicite/cirurgia , Diverticulite/diagnóstico por imagem , Diverticulite/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Meios de Contraste , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
A 46-year-old man presented with right loin tenderness following a road traffic accident. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-defined, smooth, enhancing oval lesion in the wall of the first part of the duodenum. The lesion was seen separately from the normal pancreas. It showed attenuation, intensity and enhancement similar to that of normal pancreas. Based on the imaging appearance, a diagnosis of ectopic pancreas was made. The patient underwent oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology of the lesion, which confirmed ectopic pancreatic tissue. Since the patient was asymptomatic, surgical resection was deferred. The embryologic origin, various locations, imaging appearance and clinical significance of ectopic pancreas are discussed.