RESUMO
Alzheimer's disease contributes to 60-70% of all dementia cases in the general population. Belonging to the BIN1/amphiphysin/RVS167 (BAR) superfamily, the bridging integrator (BIN1) has been identified to impact two major pathological hallmarks in Alzheimer's disease (AD), i.e., amyloid beta (Aß) and tau accumulation. Aß accumulation is found to increase by BIN1 knockdown in cortical neurons in late-onset AD, due to BACE1 accumulation at enlarged early endosomes. Two BIN1 mutants, KR and PL, were identified to exhibit Aß accumulation. Furthermore, BIN1 deficiency by BIN1-related polymorphisms impairs the interaction with tau, thus elevating tau phosphorylation, altering synapse structure and tau function. Even though the precise role of BIN1 in the neuronal tissue needs further investigation, the authors aim to throw light on the potential of BIN1 and unfold its implications on tau and Aß pathology, to aid AD researchers across the globe to examine BIN1, as an appropriate target gene for disease management.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Humanos , Doença de Alzheimer/genética , Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Secretases da Proteína Precursora do Amiloide/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Ácido Aspártico Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Proteínas tau/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/genética , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/metabolismoRESUMO
Recently, the outbreak of COVID-19 caused serious global health issues and the world is facing a crisis of antiviral resistance. To overcome the crisis, we reviewed the existing therapies that could be an alternative and effective treatment for COVID-19. Therapies such as ozone, laser, UV radiation and radiation therapy are discussed and the mechanism of killing is elaborated. In conclusion, the ozone, laser and radiation therapy could be considered as an alternative therapy in extirpating the coronavirus from bloodstreams and the challenges in bringing these therapies to clinical trials.
RESUMO
[reaction: see text] Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemistry of linear and tribranched polyphenylacetylenes having redox-active ferrocene and/or (arene)chromiumtricarbonyl as end groups are reported in this study. The methodology adopts polymerization of phenylacetylene by a metathesis pathway, initiated by W(CO)(6) when photolyzed. A distance-dependent electronic communication between the metal centers is demonstrated in these polymers by means of cyclic voltammetry.