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1.
Simul Healthc ; 17(4): 275-280, 2022 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34319272

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Hematology/oncology fellows must achieve bone marrow biopsy proficiency. However, opportunities for fellows to perform bone marrow biopsies on patients are highly dependent on clinical volume. An easily accessible and feasible system to practice these procedures repetitively has not been described. Other specialties use 3-dimensional (3D)-printed models to practice procedures, but hematology/oncology has not yet incorporated this novel medical education tool, which has the potential to provide such an accessible and feasible system for procedural practice. METHODS: We used design thinking to develop and pilot a bone marrow biopsy simulation using 3D-printed pelvis models. We printed and optimized 2 models through iterative prototyping. In July 2019, we conducted a 1-hour session with 9 fellows. After an anatomy review, fellows practiced biopsies using the models with faculty feedback. To evaluate feasibility, we reviewed session evaluations, measured fellow comfort, surveyed supervising attendings, and gathered fellow and attending feedback. RESULTS: Fellows rated the 3D session highly. Fellow comfort improved after orientation. Supervisors noted no difference between the 2019 fellows and prior years. Fellows praised the opportunity to rehearse mechanics, receive feedback, and internalize anatomy. Fellows suggested incorporating a female pelvis and more soft tissue. Attending feedback on the model aligned with fellow feedback. We implemented the session again in 2020 with adjustments based on feedback. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional printing represents an accessible and feasible educational tool. Three-dimensional-printed models provide opportunities for iterative practice, feedback, and anatomy visualization. Future iterations should continue to incorporate user feedback to optimize model utility.


Assuntos
Medula Óssea , Bolsas de Estudo , Biópsia , Educação de Pós-Graduação em Medicina/métodos , Retroalimentação , Feminino , Humanos
2.
Mol Cell Biochem ; 358(1-2): 387-95, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21785971

RESUMO

Estrogens have multifaceted roles in mammalian testis. In the present study, we focused on estradiol as a potential regulator of testicular cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) expression and investigated the possible mechanisms involved in the estradiol-mediated suppression. CYP1B1 protein levels were measured in the testes of rats that were treated with 17ß-estradiol benzoate (1.5 mg/kg) at different stages of development. In addition, CYP1B1 mRNA levels were measured in mouse MA-10 Leydig tumor cells treated with (a) various concentrations of 17ß-estradiol benzoate, (b) 17ß-estradiol benzoate in the presence of exogenous luteinizing hormone (LH), or (c) 17ß-estradiol benzoate in the presence of ICI 182,780, a competitive steroidal antagonist of estrogen receptors (ERs). Treatment of neonatal, pubertal, or adult rats with 17ß-estradiol benzoate was associated with a reduction of approximately 90% in testicular CYP1B1 protein content compared to age-matched controls. Treatment of MA-10 cells with 17ß-estradiol benzoate (10-500 nM) produced a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in CYP1B1 mRNA levels, but had no effect on LH receptor mRNA levels or on protein kinase A (PKA) activity. However, 17ß-estradiol benzoate (10-500 nM), regardless of the concentration tested, failed to attenuate the LH-elicited increase in CYP1B1 mRNA or PKA activity in MA-10 cells that were co-treated with LH and estradiol. Similarly, ICI 182,780 (10-1000 µM) did not reverse the suppressive effect of estradiol on CYP1B1 mRNA expression in MA-10 cells co-treated with estradiol and ICI 182,780. The results indicate that downregulation of testicular CYP1B1 by estradiol was independent of PKA activity and was not mediated by ERs in MA-10 cells.


Assuntos
Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/metabolismo , Estradiol/farmacologia , Células Intersticiais do Testículo/enzimologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Proteínas Quinases Dependentes de AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Citocromo P-450 CYP1B1 , Estradiol/análogos & derivados , Moduladores de Receptor Estrogênico/farmacologia , Fulvestranto , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Intersticiais do Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptores do LH/genética , Receptores do LH/metabolismo , Ovinos
3.
Drug Metab Dispos ; 37(3): 523-8, 2009 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19074971

RESUMO

Mammalian testis expresses xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, including cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1), which catalyzes the bioactivation of procarcinogens and other chemicals. The factors that control testicular expression of CYP1B1 are largely not known. In the present study, we investigated the influence of age and pituitary, gonadal, and thyroid hormones on CYP1B1 expression in rat testis. Immunoblot analysis showed that testicular CYP1B1 protein was expressed at a level of 5.9+/-2.0 (mean+/-S.E.M.) pmol/mg microsomal protein in prepubertal 22-day-old rats, whereas it was 6.6-fold greater in pubertal rats (34 days old) and 9.6-fold greater in adult rats (84-91 days old). Hypophysectomy decreased testicular CYP1B1 protein levels by 69% in adult rats when compared with intact rats of the same age. Intermittent subcutaneous administration of growth hormone to hypophysectomized adult rats further decreased it by 63%. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone increased CYP1B1 expression in hypophysectomized rats, but they did not restore protein levels to those in intact adult male rats. Prolactin treatment alone had no effect; however, it potentiated the increase in CYP1B1 mRNA and protein expression by LH. 3,5,3'-Triiodothyronine, but not thyroxine, resulted in a small increase in testicular CYP1B1 protein levels. Likewise, treatment of hypophysectomized rats with testosterone propionate elicited a small increase in CYP1B1 protein expression. In contrast, treatment of intact adult male rats with 17beta-estradiol benzoate decreased it by 91%. Overall, our findings indicate that rat testicular CYP1B1 protein expression is subject to developmental and endocrine control, with multiple hormones playing a role.


Assuntos
Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Hormônios/farmacologia , Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Citocromo P-450 CYP1B1 , Primers do DNA , Masculino , Hipófise/cirurgia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Testículo/enzimologia
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