RESUMO
Endosperm-embryo development in flowering plants is regulated coordinately by signal exchange during seed development. However, such a reciprocal control mechanism has not been clearly identified. In this study, we identified an endosperm-specific gene, LBD35, expressed in an embryonic development-dependent manner, by a comparative transcriptome and cytological analyses of double-fertilized and single-fertilized seeds prepared by using the kokopelli mutant, which frequently induces single fertilization events. Transcriptome analysis using LBD35 as a marker of the central cell fertilization event identified that 141 genes, including 31 genes for small cysteine-rich peptides, are expressed in a double fertilization-dependent manner. Our results reveal possible embryonic signals that regulate endosperm gene expression and provide a practicable method to identify genes involved in the communication during endosperm-embryo development.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Endosperma/genética , Endosperma/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Sementes/genética , Sementes/metabolismo , Desenvolvimento Embrionário , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Transcriptoma , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de PlantasRESUMO
Gibberellins (GAs) regulate growth and development in higher plants. To identify GA-regulated proteins during rice leaf sheath elongation, a proteomic approach was used. Proteins from the basal region of leaf sheath in rice seedling treated with GA(3) were analyzed by fluorescence two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. The levels of abscisic acid-stress-ripening-inducible 5 protein (ASR5), elongation factor-1 beta, translationally controlled tumor protein, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase and a novel protein increased; whereas the level of RuBisCO subunit binding-protein decreased by GA(3) treatment. ASR5 out of these six proteins was significantly regulated by GA(3) at the protein level but not at the mRNA level in the basal region of leaf sheaths. Since this protein is regulated not only by abscisic acid but also by GA(3), these results indicate that ASR5 might be involved in plant growth in addition to stress in the basal regions of leaf sheaths.
Assuntos
Giberelinas/farmacologia , Oryza/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Ácido Abscísico/farmacologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Sondas de DNA/genética , Eletroforese em Gel Bidimensional , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Genes de Plantas , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutação , Oryza/efeitos dos fármacos , Oryza/genética , Oryza/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/efeitos dos fármacos , Folhas de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Proteômica , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , RNA de Plantas/genética , RNA de Plantas/metabolismo , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por MatrizRESUMO
To identify the effects of auxin on rice root formation, proteins induced by exogenous addition of auxin to rice seedlings were analyzed by a proteomic approach. Root formation by rice seedlings was promoted by 0.45microM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and repressed by 60microM p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCIB). Proteins extracted from the basal part of leaf sheaths of rice seedlings treated with 2,4-D or PCIB for 48h were labeled with Cy3 and Cy5, and separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Out of nine proteins up-regulated by 2,4-D and down-regulated by PCIB, five proteins showing significant difference in abundance were used for expression analysis at the transcript abundance level. Transcript abundance of the mitochondrial complex I subunit slightly increased with 2,4-D treatment and were repressed by PCIB. The transcript abundance of EF-1beta', myosin heavy chain and mitochondrial [Mn]SOD increased with 2,4-D treatment but did not decrease with PCIB. The transcript abundance of aldehyde dehydrogenase was not effected by 2,4-D or PCIB. These results indicate that mitochondrial complex I subunit is part of the downstream signal cascade of PCIB, whereas myosin heavy chain, mitochondrial [Mn]SOD and EF-1beta' are involved in the 2,4-D signal cascade but are probably upstream of PCIB.