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1.
Neuro Oncol ; 26(7): 1247-1261, 2024 Jul 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38366847

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Precision treatment of glioblastoma is increasingly focused on molecular subtyping, with the mesenchymal subtype particularly resistant to temozolomide. Here, we aim to develop a targeted therapy for temozolomide resensitization in the mesenchymal subtype. METHODS: We integrated kinomic profiles and kinase inhibitor screens from patient-derived proneural and mesenchymal glioma-propagating cells and public clinical datasets to identify key protein kinases implicated in temozolomide resistance. RNAseq, apoptosis assays, and comet assays were used to examine the role of p38MAPK signaling and adaptive chemoresistance in mesenchymal cells. The efficacy of dual p38MAPK and MEK/ERK inhibition using ralimetinib (selective orally active p38MAPK inhibitor; phase I/II for glioblastoma) and binimetinib (approved MEK1/2 inhibitor for melanoma; phase II for high-grade glioma) in primary and recurrent mesenchymal tumors was evaluated using an intracranial patient-derived tumor xenograft model, focusing on survival analysis. RESULTS: Our transcriptomic-kinomic integrative analysis revealed p38MAPK as the prime target whose gene signature enables patient stratification based on their molecular subtypes and provides prognostic value. Repurposed p38MAPK inhibitors synergize favorably with temozolomide to promote intracellular retention of temozolomide and exacerbate DNA damage. Mesenchymal cells exhibit adaptive chemoresistance to p38MAPK inhibition through a pH-/calcium-mediated MEK/ERK pathway. Dual p38MAPK and MEK inhibition effectively maintain temozolomide sensitivity in primary and recurrent intracranial mesenchymal glioblastoma xenografts. CONCLUSIONS: Temozolomide resistance in mesenchymal glioblastoma is associated with p38MAPK activation. Adaptive chemoresistance in p38MAPK-resistant cells is mediated by MEK/ERK signaling. Adjuvant therapy with dual p38MAPK and MEK inhibition prolongs temozolomide sensitivity, which can be developed into a precision therapy for the mesenchymal subtype.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Glioblastoma , Temozolomida , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno , Temozolomida/farmacologia , Humanos , Glioblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , Glioblastoma/patologia , Glioblastoma/metabolismo , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Camundongos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Quinases de Proteína Quinase Ativadas por Mitógeno/antagonistas & inibidores , Quinases de Proteína Quinase Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Prognóstico
2.
Nat Commun ; 15(1): 954, 2024 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38296937

RESUMO

Chronic wounds are often infected with biofilm bacteria and characterized by high oxidative stress. Current dressings that promote chronic wound healing either require additional processes such as photothermal irradiation or leave behind gross amounts of undesirable residues. We report a dual-functionality hydrogel dressing with intrinsic antibiofilm and antioxidative properties that are synergistic and low-leaching. The hydrogel is a crosslinked network with tethered antibacterial cationic polyimidazolium and antioxidative N-acetylcysteine. In a murine diabetic wound model, the hydrogel accelerates the closure of wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. Furthermore, a three-dimensional ex vivo human skin equivalent model shows that N-acetylcysteine promotes the keratinocyte differentiation and accelerates the re-epithelialization process. Our hydrogel dressing can be made into different formats for the healing of both flat and deep infected chronic wounds without contamination of the wound or needing other modalities such as photothermal irradiation.


Assuntos
Surdez , Diabetes Mellitus , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Infecção dos Ferimentos , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Acetilcisteína/farmacologia , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , Cicatrização , Bandagens , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Biofilmes , Infecção dos Ferimentos/tratamento farmacológico
3.
Clin Cancer Res ; 30(4): 703-718, 2024 02 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37695642

RESUMO

PURPOSE: We conducted research on CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) simultaneously in the preclinical and clinical spaces to gain a deeper understanding of how senescence influences tumor growth in humans. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We coordinated a first-in-kind phase II clinical trial of the CDK4/6i abemaciclib for patients with progressive dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS) with cellular studies interrogating the molecular basis of geroconversion. RESULTS: Thirty patients with progressing DDLS enrolled and were treated with 200 mg of abemaciclib twice daily. The median progression-free survival was 33 weeks at the time of the data lock, with 23 of 30 progression-free at 12 weeks (76.7%, two-sided 95% CI, 57.7%-90.1%). No new safety signals were identified. Concurrent preclinical work in liposarcoma cell lines identified ANGPTL4 as a necessary late regulator of geroconversion, the pathway from reversible cell-cycle exit to a stably arrested inflammation-provoking senescent cell. Using this insight, we were able to identify patients in which abemaciclib induced tumor cell senescence. Senescence correlated with increased leukocyte infiltration, primarily CD4-positive cells, within a month of therapy. However, those individuals with both senescence and increased TILs were also more likely to acquire resistance later in therapy. These suggest that combining senolytics with abemaciclib in a subset of patients may improve the duration of response. CONCLUSIONS: Abemaciclib was well tolerated and showed promising activity in DDLS. The discovery of ANGPTL4 as a late regulator of geroconversion helped to define how CDK4/6i-induced cellular senescence modulates the immune tumor microenvironment and contributes to both positive and negative clinical outcomes. See related commentary by Weiss et al., p. 649.


Assuntos
Aminopiridinas , Lipossarcoma , Humanos , Aminopiridinas/farmacologia , Aminopiridinas/uso terapêutico , Benzimidazóis/farmacologia , Benzimidazóis/uso terapêutico , Lipossarcoma/tratamento farmacológico , Lipossarcoma/patologia , Senescência Celular , Quinase 4 Dependente de Ciclina , Microambiente Tumoral
4.
Adv Healthc Mater ; 13(10): e2303481, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37987244

RESUMO

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in metastatic cancer progression, and current research, which relies heavily on 2D monolayer cultures, falls short in recapitulating the complexity of a 3D tumor microenvironment. To address this limitation, a transcriptomic meta-analysis is conducted on diverse cancer types undergoing EMT in 2D and 3D cultures. It is found that mechanotransduction is elevated in 3D cultures and is further intensified during EMT, but not during 2D EMT. This analysis reveals a distinct 3D EMT gene signature, characterized by extracellular matrix remodeling coordinated by angiopoietin-like 4 (Angptl4) along with other canonical EMT regulators. Utilizing hydrogel-based 3D matrices with adjustable mechanical forces, 3D cancer cultures are established at varying physiological stiffness levels. A YAP:EGR-1 mediated up-regulation of Angptl4 expression is observed, accompanied by an upregulation of mesenchymal markers, at higher stiffness during cancer EMT. Suppression of Angptl4 using antisense oligonucleotides or anti-cAngptl4 antibodies leads to a dose-dependent abolishment of EMT-mediated chemoresistance and tumor self-organization in 3D, ultimately resulting in diminished metastatic potential and stunted growth of tumor xenografts. This unique programmable 3D cancer cultures simulate stiffness levels in the tumor microenvironment and unveil Angptl4 as a promising therapeutic target to inhibit EMT and impede cancer progression.


Assuntos
Mecanotransdução Celular , Neoplasias , Humanos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Microambiente Tumoral , Fenômenos Mecânicos , Angiopoietinas , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico
5.
Nat Commun ; 14(1): 7349, 2023 Nov 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37963864

RESUMO

Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is known for eliciting immunity against single-stranded RNA viruses, and is increased in both human and cigarette smoke (CS)-induced, experimental chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here we show that the severity of CS-induced emphysema and COPD is reduced in TLR7-deficient mice, while inhalation of imiquimod, a TLR7-agonist, induces emphysema without CS exposure. This imiquimod-induced emphysema is reduced in mice deficient in mast cell protease-6, or when wild-type mice are treated with the mast cell stabilizer, cromolyn. Furthermore, therapeutic treatment with anti-TLR7 monoclonal antibody suppresses CS-induced emphysema, experimental COPD and accumulation of pulmonary mast cells in mice. Lastly, TLR7 mRNA is increased in pre-existing datasets from patients with COPD, while TLR7+ mast cells are increased in COPD lungs and associated with severity of COPD. Our results thus support roles for TLR7 in mediating emphysema and COPD through mast cell activity, and may implicate TLR7 as a potential therapeutic target.


Assuntos
Enfisema , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Enfisema Pulmonar , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Triptases/genética , Receptor 7 Toll-Like/genética , Imiquimode , Pulmão , Enfisema Pulmonar/genética , Nicotiana , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL
6.
PNAS Nexus ; 2(11): pgad312, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37954159

RESUMO

The rising occurrence of allergic asthma in early life across industrialized countries suggests that environmental factors play a crucial role in determining asthma susceptibility and severity. While prior exposure to microbial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) has been found to offer protection against allergic asthma, infants residing in urban environments are increasingly exposed to environmental pollutants. Utilizing limulus lysate test screens and virtual screening models, we identified pollutants that can modulate LPS bioactivity. This investigation revealed that bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical commonly used in numerous household items and previously implicated in obesity and cancer, effectively neutralizes LPS. In-depth mechanistic analyses showed that BPA specifically binds to the lipid A component of LPS, leading to inactivation. This interaction eliminates the immunostimulatory activity of LPS, making mice more susceptible to house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic asthma. BPA reactivates lung epithelial cells, consequently amplifying type 2 responses to HDMs in dendritic cells. This chemical interplay provides new insights into the pathophysiology of asthma in relation to human exposure. Understanding the intricate relationships between environmental chemicals and microbial antigens, as well as their impacts on innate immunity, is critical for the development of intervention strategies to address immune disorders resulting from urbanization.

7.
Adv Sci (Weinh) ; 10(31): e2301714, 2023 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37759388

RESUMO

Metastasis involves epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that is regulated by complex gene networks, where their deliberate disruption may yield a promising outcome. However, little is known about mechanisms that coordinate these metastasis-associated networks. To address this gap, hub genes with broad engagement across various human cancers by analyzing the transcriptomes of different cancer cell types undergoing EMT are identified. The oncogenic signaling adaptor protein tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein gamma (YWHAG) is ranked top for its clinical relevance and impact. The cellular kinome and transcriptome data are surveyed to construct the regulome of YWHAG, revealing stress responses and metabolic processes during cancer EMT. It is demonstrated that a YWHAG-dependent cytoprotective mechanism in the regulome is embedded in EMT-associated networks to protect cancer cells from oxidative catastrophe through enhanced autophagy during EMT. YWHAG deficiency results in a rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), delayed EMT, and cell death. Tumor allografts show that metastasis potential and overall survival time are correlated with the YWHAG expression level of cancer cell lines. Metastasized tumors have higher expression of YWHAG and autophagy-related genes than primary tumors. Silencing YWHAG diminishes primary tumor volumes, prevents metastasis, and prolongs the median survival period of the mice.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Neoplasias/genética , Transdução de Sinais , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Morte Celular , Estresse Oxidativo/genética , Proteínas 14-3-3/genética
8.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(6)2023 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36982702

RESUMO

Blood is conventionally thought to be sterile. However, emerging evidence on the blood microbiome has started to challenge this notion. Recent reports have revealed the presence of genetic materials of microbes or pathogens in the blood circulation, leading to the conceptualization of a blood microbiome that is vital for physical wellbeing. Dysbiosis of the blood microbial profile has been implicated in a wide range of health conditions. Our review aims to consolidate recent findings about the blood microbiome in human health and to highlight the existing controversies, prospects, and challenges around this topic. Current evidence does not seem to support the presence of a core healthy blood microbiome. Common microbial taxa have been identified in some diseases, for instance, Legionella and Devosia in kidney impairment, Bacteroides in cirrhosis, Escherichia/Shigella and Staphylococcus in inflammatory diseases, and Janthinobacterium in mood disorders. While the presence of culturable blood microbes remains debatable, their genetic materials in the blood could potentially be exploited to improve precision medicine for cancers, pregnancy-related complications, and asthma by augmenting patient stratification. Key controversies in blood microbiome research are the susceptibility of low-biomass samples to exogenous contamination and undetermined microbial viability from NGS-based microbial profiling, however, ongoing initiatives are attempting to mitigate these issues. We also envisage future blood microbiome research to adopt more robust and standardized approaches, to delve into the origins of these multibiome genetic materials and to focus on host-microbe interactions through the elaboration of causative and mechanistic relationships with the aid of more accurate and powerful analytical tools.


Assuntos
Legionella , Microbiota , Humanos , Interações entre Hospedeiro e Microrganismos , Disbiose/microbiologia , Previsões
9.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med ; 207(7): 908-920, 2023 04 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36288294

RESUMO

Rationale: Emerging data support the existence of a microbial "gut-lung" axis that remains unexplored in bronchiectasis. Methods: Prospective and concurrent sampling of gut (stool) and lung (sputum) was performed in a cohort of n = 57 individuals with bronchiectasis and subjected to bacteriome (16S rRNA) and mycobiome (18S Internal Transcribed Spacer) sequencing (total, 228 microbiomes). Shotgun metagenomics was performed in a subset (n = 15; 30 microbiomes). Data from gut and lung compartments were integrated by weighted similarity network fusion, clustered, and subjected to co-occurrence analysis to evaluate gut-lung networks. Murine experiments were undertaken to validate specific Pseudomonas-driven gut-lung interactions. Results: Microbial communities in stable bronchiectasis demonstrate a significant gut-lung interaction. Multibiome integration followed by unsupervised clustering reveals two patient clusters, differing by gut-lung interactions and with contrasting clinical phenotypes. A high gut-lung interaction cluster, characterized by lung Pseudomonas, gut Bacteroides, and gut Saccharomyces, is associated with increased exacerbations and greater radiological and overall bronchiectasis severity, whereas the low gut-lung interaction cluster demonstrates an overrepresentation of lung commensals, including Prevotella, Fusobacterium, and Porphyromonas with gut Candida. The lung Pseudomonas-gut Bacteroides relationship, observed in the high gut-lung interaction bronchiectasis cluster, was validated in a murine model of lung Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. This interaction was abrogated after antibiotic (imipenem) pretreatment in mice confirming the relevance and therapeutic potential of targeting the gut microbiome to influence the gut-lung axis. Metagenomics in a subset of individuals with bronchiectasis corroborated our findings from targeted analyses. Conclusions: A dysregulated gut-lung axis, driven by lung Pseudomonas, associates with poorer clinical outcomes in bronchiectasis.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia , Microbiota , Animais , Camundongos , Estudos Prospectivos , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Pulmão/microbiologia , Bronquiectasia/tratamento farmacológico
10.
Adv Healthc Mater ; 12(1): e2201900, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36177679

RESUMO

Chronic wounds are non-healing wounds characterized by a prolonged inflammation phase. Excessive inflammation leads to elevated protease levels and consequently to a decrease in growth factors at wound sites. Stem cell secretome therapy has been identified as a treatment strategy to modulate the microenvironment of chronic wounds via supplementation with anti-inflammatory/growth factors. However, there is a need to develop better secretome delivery systems that are able to encapsulate the secretome without denaturation, in a sustained manner, and that are fully biocompatible. To address this gap, a recombinant squid suckerin-spider silk fusion protein is developed with cell-adhesion motifs capable of thermal gelation at physiological temperatures to form hydrogels for encapsulation and subsequent release of the stem cell secretome. Freeze-thaw treatment of the protein hydrogel results in a modified porous cryogel that maintains slow degradation and sustained secretome release. Chronic wounds of diabetic mice treated with the secretome-laden cryogel display increased wound closure, presence of endothelial cells, granulation wound tissue thickness, and reduced inflammation with no fibrotic scar formation. Overall, these in vivo indicators of wound healing demonstrate that the fusion protein hydrogel displays remarkable potential as a delivery system for secretome-assisted chronic wound healing.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Camundongos , Animais , Humanos , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , Criogéis , Seda , Secretoma , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana
11.
Int J Mol Sci ; 23(23)2022 Nov 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36499091

RESUMO

Fatty liver disease is an emerging contributor to disease burden worldwide. The past decades of work established the heterogeneous nature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) etiology and systemic contributions to the pathogenesis of the disease. This called for the proposal of a redefinition in 2020 to that of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) to better reflect the current understanding of the disease. To date, several clinical cohort studies comparing NAFLD and MAFLD hint at the relevancy of the new nomenclature in enriching for patients with more severe hepatic injury and extrahepatic comorbidities. However, the underlying systemic pathogenesis is still not fully understood. Preclinical animal models have been imperative in elucidating key biological mechanisms in various contexts, including intrahepatic disease progression, interorgan crosstalk and systemic dysregulation. Furthermore, they are integral in developing novel therapeutics against MAFLD. However, substantial contextual variabilities exist across different models due to the lack of standardization in several aspects. As such, it is crucial to understand the strengths and weaknesses of existing models to better align them to the human condition. In this review, we consolidate the implications arising from the change in nomenclature and summarize MAFLD pathogenesis. Subsequently, we provide an updated evaluation of existing MAFLD preclinical models in alignment with the new definitions and perspectives to improve their translational relevance.


Assuntos
Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Animais , Humanos , Modelos Animais , Progressão da Doença , Reações Cruzadas
12.
Cell Host Microbe ; 30(9): 1311-1327.e8, 2022 09 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36108613

RESUMO

Neisseria species are frequently identified in the bronchiectasis microbiome, but they are regarded as respiratory commensals. Using a combination of human cohorts, next-generation sequencing, systems biology, and animal models, we show that bronchiectasis bacteriomes defined by the presence of Neisseria spp. associate with poor clinical outcomes, including exacerbations. Neisseria subflava cultivated from bronchiectasis patients promotes the loss of epithelial integrity and inflammation in primary epithelial cells. In vivo animal models of Neisseria subflava infection and metabolipidome analysis highlight immunoinflammatory functional gene clusters and provide evidence for pulmonary inflammation. The murine metabolipidomic data were validated with human Neisseria-dominant bronchiectasis samples and compared with disease in which Pseudomonas-, an established bronchiectasis pathogen, is dominant. Metagenomic surveillance of Neisseria across various respiratory disorders reveals broader importance, and the assessment of the home environment in bronchiectasis implies potential environmental sources of exposure. Thus, we identify Neisseria species as pathobionts in bronchiectasis, allowing for improved risk stratification in this high-risk group.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia , Microbiota , Animais , Bronquiectasia/epidemiologia , Humanos , Metagenoma , Camundongos , Neisseria/genética
13.
Biomater Sci ; 10(14): 3963-3971, 2022 Jul 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35708018

RESUMO

Currently, there is no effective method to prevent the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids, which can cause severe physical and psychological burdens to patients. Secreted protein acidic and cysteine-rich (SPARC) is involved in wound fibrosis by modulating fibroblast functions, causing excessive collagen deposition during wound healing. Thus, the reduction in SPARC gene expression after wounding can contribute to the downstream reduction in collagen production at the wound site and prevent scar formation. In this study, a dissolvable and biocompatible hyaluronic acid (HA) microneedle patch loaded with nanoplexes containing tyramine-modified gelatin and siRNA for SPARC (siSPARC/Gtn-Tyr) was investigated for topical scar prevention. Tyramine-modified gelatin (Gtn-Tyr) provides electrostatic protection and enhances cell internalization for siSPARC. In vitro studies using human dermal fibroblasts showed that both siSPARC/Gtn-Tyr nanoplexes and siSPARC/Gtn-Tyr-loaded microneedle patches can significantly reduce SPARC gene expression (P < 0.05) and do not cause discernable cytotoxic effects. Further studies using a mouse wound model demonstrate that the siSPARC/Gtn-Tyr-loaded microneedle patch can reduce collagen production during wound healing without triggering an immune response. When Gtn-Tyr-siSPARC is administered transdermally at the wound site, effective collagen reduction is achieved through silencing of the matricellular SPARC protein, thus promising the reduction of scar formation. Overall, the siSPARC/Gtn-Tyr loaded microneedle patch can potentially provide an effective transdermal anti-fibrotic treatment.


Assuntos
Cicatriz , Ácido Hialurônico , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , Colágeno/metabolismo , Fibrose , Gelatina , Humanos , Pele/metabolismo , Tiramina
15.
Biology (Basel) ; 11(4)2022 Apr 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35453780

RESUMO

Neural Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (N-WASP) regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling. It has been known that reduced N-WASP expression in breast and colorectal cancers is associated with poor prognosis. Here, we found reduced N-WASP expression in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patient samples. The SCC cell line HSC-5 with reduced N-WASP expression was used to generate HSC-5CN (control) and HSC-5NW (N-WASP overexpression) cells. HSC-5NW cells had reduced cell proliferation and migration compared to HSC-5CN cells. HSC-5NW cells had increased phospho-ERK2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2), phosphorylated Forkhead box protein class O1 (FOXO1) and reduced nuclear FOXO1 staining compared to HSC-5CN cells. Proteasome inhibition stabilized total FOXO1, however, not nuclear staining, suggesting that FOXO1 could be degraded in the cytoplasm. Inhibition of ERK2 enhanced nuclear FOXO1 levels and restored cell proliferation and migration of HSC-5NW to those of HSC-5CN cells, suggesting that ERK2 regulates FOXO1 activity. The expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a FOXO1 target that inhibits thioredoxin and glucose uptake, was higher in HSC-5NW cells than in HSC-5CN cells. Knockdown of TXNIP in HSC-5NW cells restored cell proliferation and migration to those of HSC-5CN cells. Thus, we propose that N-WASP regulates cell proliferation and migration via an N-WASP-ERK2-FOXO1-TXNIP pathway.

16.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 119(11): e2113074119, 2022 03 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35254894

RESUMO

SignificanceWith obesity on the rise, there is a growing appreciation for intracellular lipid droplet (LD) regulation. Here, we show how saturated fatty acids (SFAs) reduce fat storage-inducing transmembrane protein 2 (FIT2)-facilitated, pancreatic ß cell LD biogenesis, which in turn induces ß cell dysfunction and death, leading to diabetes. This mechanism involves direct acylation of FIT2 cysteine residues, which then marks the FIT2 protein for endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation. Loss of ß cell FIT2 and LDs reduces insulin secretion, increases intracellular ceramides, stimulates ER stress, and exacerbates diet-induced diabetes in mice. While palmitate and stearate degrade FIT2, unsaturated fatty acids such as palmitoleate and oleate do not, results of which extend to nutrition and diabetes.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/etiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/metabolismo , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , Gotículas Lipídicas/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Glucose/metabolismo , Intolerância à Glucose , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Camundongos , Mutação , Palmitatos/metabolismo , Estearatos/metabolismo
17.
ACS Nano ; 16(2): 2629-2639, 2022 02 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35040314

RESUMO

Population-wide surveillance of COVID-19 requires tests to be quick and accurate to minimize community transmissions. The detection of breath volatile organic compounds presents a promising option for COVID-19 surveillance but is currently limited by bulky instrumentation and inflexible analysis protocol. Here, we design a hand-held surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based breathalyzer to identify COVID-19 infected individuals in under 5 min, achieving >95% sensitivity and specificity across 501 participants regardless of their displayed symptoms. Our SERS-based breathalyzer harnesses key variations in vibrational fingerprints arising from interactions between breath metabolites and multiple molecular receptors to establish a robust partial least-squares discriminant analysis model for high throughput classifications. Crucially, spectral regions influencing classification show strong corroboration with reported potential COVID-19 breath biomarkers, both through experiment and in silico. Our strategy strives to spur the development of next-generation, noninvasive human breath diagnostic toolkits tailored for mass screening purposes.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito , SARS-CoV-2 , Análise Espectral Raman/métodos
18.
J Invest Dermatol ; 142(1): 179-188.e4, 2022 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34224745

RESUMO

The hedgehog (Hh) pathway is essential for animal development, but aberrant activation promotes cancer growth. In this study, we show that GIPC3, a PDZ domain-containing protein with putative adaptor protein function, positively modulates Hh target gene expression in normal fibroblasts and melanoma cells and supports melanoma tumor growth. Using overexpression and epistasis studies, we show that Gipc3 potentiates Hh transcriptional output and that it modulates GLI-dependent transcription independently of Sufu. Whereas we find that GIPC3 protein does not interact with Hh pathway components, Ingenuity Pathway Analyses of GIPC3-interacting proteins identified by coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry show an association with cancer pathogenesis. Subsequent interrogation of The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Human Protein Atlas databases reveals GIPC3 upregulation in many cancers. Using expression screens in selected groups of GIPC3-upregulated cancers with reported Hh pathway activation, we find a significant positive correlation of GIPC3 expression with Hh pathway components GLI1, GLI2, and GPR161 in melanoma lines. Consistently, GIPC3 knockdown in melanoma lines significantly reduces GLI1 and GLI2 expression, cell viability, colony formation, and allograft tumor growth. Our findings highlight previously unidentified roles of GIPC3 in potentiating Hh response and melanoma tumorigenesis and suggest that GIPC3 modulation on Hh signaling may be targeted to reduce melanoma growth.


Assuntos
Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Melanoma/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/genética , Aloenxertos , Animais , Carcinogênese , Processos de Crescimento Celular , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Ouriços/metabolismo , Melanoma Experimental , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/genética , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Proteína GLI1 em Dedos de Zinco/genética , Proteína GLI1 em Dedos de Zinco/metabolismo , Proteína Gli2 com Dedos de Zinco/genética , Proteína Gli2 com Dedos de Zinco/metabolismo
19.
Inorg Chem ; 60(22): 17276-17287, 2021 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34709031

RESUMO

A series of activated vinyl azoles was hydrophosphinated in the presence of a chiral palladacycle catalyst under mild conditions to give enantioenriched phosphine azoles with moderate enantioselectivities and yields. The racemic phosphine azoles were transformed into eleven novel chelating phosphine-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) platinum complexes. The drug efficacies of nine selected phosphine-NHC platinum(II) chlorides in two cancer cell lines (MKN74 and MCF7) were evaluated, and two were found to exhibit activities comparable to that of cisplatin.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Quelantes/farmacologia , Metano/análogos & derivados , Compostos Organoplatínicos/farmacologia , Fosfinas/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/química , Quelantes/síntese química , Quelantes/química , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Metano/química , Metano/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Compostos Organoplatínicos/química , Fosfinas/química , Células Tumorais Cultivadas
20.
Acta Biomater ; 136: 111-123, 2021 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34551327

RESUMO

A short bioinspired octapeptide, GV8, can self-assemble under mild conditions into biodegradable supramolecular physical hydrogels with high storage modulus and good biocompatibility. GV8 hydrogels can encapsulate both single or multiple macromolecular protein-based therapeutics in a simple one-pot formulation manner, making it a promising candidate to address challenges faced by existing synthetic polymer or peptide hydrogels with complex gelation and drug-encapsulation processes. Alongside its versatility, the hydrogel exhibits concentration-dependent storage modulus and controlled drug-release action. We demonstrate that GV8 hydrogels loaded with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) secretome remain mechanically robust, and exhibit promising potential for wound healing applications by preserving secretome activity while maintaining a constant supply of ADMSC secretome to promote epithelial cell migration. Overall, our work highlights the potential of GV8 peptide hydrogel as a versatile and safe carrier for encapsulation and delivery of macromolecular therapeutics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Supramolecular peptide hydrogels are a popular choice for protein-based macromolecular therapeutics delivery; however, despite the development of abundant hydrogel systems, several challenges limit their adaptability and practical applications. GV8 short peptide hydrogel circumvents these drawbacks and demonstrates the ability to function as a versatile growth factor (GF) encapsulant. It can encapsulate precise concentrations of complex adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells secretome mixtures with a one-pot formulation approach and perform controlled release of GFs with preserved activity without compromising the self-assembly and mechanical properties of the hydrogel's supramolecular network. The significance of GV8 hydrogel lies in its gelation simplicity and versatility to encapsulate and deliver macromolecular therapeutics, thus representing a promising biomaterial for regenerative medicine applications.


Assuntos
Hidrogéis , Secretoma , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular , Peptídeos
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