Nickel doping of ferrous disulfide nanocubes exhibits enhanced oxidase-like activity for In vitro detection of total antioxidant capacity.

The development of nanomaterials that mimic oxidase-like activities has recently attracted an increasing amount of attention. Obtaining highly active and cost-effective oxidase mimics has posed a significant challenge in this area of research. In this study, we successfully synthesized nickel-doped ferrous disulfide nanocubes (Ni-FeS2) via a facile one-step method. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that Ni was predominantly distributed within the surface layer of the Ni-FeS2 nanocubes. The incorporation of nickel in density functional theory (DFT) calculations effectively reduced the d-band center of Fe, resulting in weakened adsorption to intermediates and thereby enhancing its catalytic efficiency. Moreover, we developed a novel approach based on Ni-FeS2 (the Ni-FeS2 method) for detecting reducing substances, which exhibited good sensitivity toward ascorbic acid (AA), glutathione (GSH), and cysteine (Cys). Remarkably, the established Ni-FeS2 method was successfully employed for in vitro assessment of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in cellular and organ samples, thereby enabling discrimination between normal, senescent, and malignant cells as well as distinguishing among healthy liver tissue, cancerous liver tissue, and metastatic organs.

Regulating reconstruction of oxide-derived Cu for electrochemical CO2 reduction toward n-propanol.

Oxide-derived copper (OD-Cu) is the most efficient and likely practical electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction toward multicarbon products. However, the inevitable but poorly understood reconstruction from the pristine state to the working state of OD-Cu under strong reduction conditions largely hinders the rational construction of catalysts toward multicarbon products, especially C3 products like n-propanol. Here, we simulate the reconstruction of CuO and Cu2O into their derived Cu by molecular dynamics, revealing that CuO-derived Cu (CuOD-Cu) intrinsically has a richer population of undercoordinated Cu sites and higher surficial Cu atom density than the counterpart Cu2O-derived Cu (Cu2OD-Cu) because of the vigorous oxygen removal. In situ spectroscopes disclose that the coordination number of CuOD-Cu is considerably lower than that of Cu2OD-Cu, enabling the fast kinetics of CO2 reaction and strengthened binding of *C2 intermediate(s). Benefiting from the rich undercoordinated Cu sites, CuOD-Cu achieves remarkable n-propanol faradaic efficiency up to ~17.9%, whereas the Cu2OD-Cu dominantly generates formate.

Deep learning for precision medicine: Guiding laser therapy in ischemic retinal diseases.

In this issue of Cell Reports Medicine, Zhao and colleagues1 report a multi-tasking artificial intelligence system that can assist the whole process of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) imaging and reduce the reliance on retinal specialists in FFA examination.

Effects of Branched-Chain Fatty Acids Derived from Yak Ghee on Lipid Metabolism and the Gut Microbiota in Normal-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.

Branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are natural components with a variety of biological activities. However, the regulation of lipid metabolism by BCFAs is unknown. It was dedicated to examining the impacts of BCFAs inferred from yak ghee on the expression of qualities related to lipid metabolism, natural pathways, and intestinal microbiota in mice. The treatment group (purified BCFAs from yak ghee) exhibited a decrease in cholesterol levels; a decrease in HMGCR levels; downregulation of FADS1, FADS2, ACC-α, FAS, GAPT4, GPAM, ACSL1, THRSP, A-FABP, and PPARα gene expression; and upregulation of SCD1, ACSS1, FABP1, CPT1, and DGAT-1 gene expression. Gut microbiota 16S rDNA sequencing analysis showed that the treatment group improved the gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundances and increasing the short-chain fatty acid levels produced by the genera Akkermansia, Clostridium, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, Anaerotaenia, and Prevotella. After adding BCFAs to cultured breast cancer cells, pathways that were downregulated were found to be related to fatty acid degradation and fatty acid metabolism, while 20 other pathways were upregulated. Our results suggest that BCFAs reduce body fat in mice by modulating intestinal flora and lipid metabolism and modulating fatty acid metabolism in breast cancer cells.

Privacy-preserving continual learning methods for medical image classification: a comparative analysis.

Background: The implementation of deep learning models for medical image classification poses significant challenges, including gradual performance degradation and limited adaptability to new diseases. However, frequent retraining of models is unfeasible and raises concerns about healthcare privacy due to the retention of prior patient data. To address these issues, this study investigated privacy-preserving continual learning methods as an alternative solution. Methods: We evaluated twelve privacy-preserving non-storage continual learning algorithms based deep learning models for classifying retinal diseases from public optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, in a class-incremental learning scenario. The OCT dataset comprises 108,309 OCT images. Its classes include normal (47.21%), drusen (7.96%), choroidal neovascularization (CNV) (34.35%), and diabetic macular edema (DME) (10.48%). Each class consisted of 250 testing images. For continuous training, the first task involved CNV and normal classes, the second task focused on DME class, and the third task included drusen class. All selected algorithms were further experimented with different training sequence combinations. The final model's average class accuracy was measured. The performance of the joint model obtained through retraining and the original finetune model without continual learning algorithms were compared. Additionally, a publicly available medical dataset for colon cancer detection based on histology slides was selected as a proof of concept, while the CIFAR10 dataset was included as the continual learning benchmark. Results: Among the continual learning algorithms, Brain-inspired-replay (BIR) outperformed the others in the continual learning-based classification of retinal diseases from OCT images, achieving an accuracy of 62.00% (95% confidence interval: 59.36-64.64%), with consistent top performance observed in different training sequences. For colon cancer histology classification, Efficient Feature Transformations (EFT) attained the highest accuracy of 66.82% (95% confidence interval: 64.23-69.42%). In comparison, the joint model achieved accuracies of 90.76% and 89.28%, respectively. The finetune model demonstrated catastrophic forgetting in both datasets. Conclusion: Although the joint retraining model exhibited superior performance, continual learning holds promise in mitigating catastrophic forgetting and facilitating continual model updates while preserving privacy in healthcare deep learning models. Thus, it presents a highly promising solution for the long-term clinical deployment of such models.

Electronic Structure Regulation and Surface Reconstruction of Iron Diselenide for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Activity.

Regulating the electronic structure of active sites and monitoring the evolution of the active component is essential to improve the intrinsic activity of catalysts for electrochemical reactions. Herein, a highly efficient pre-electrocatalyst of iron diselenide with rich Se vacancies achieved by phosphorus doping (denoted as P-FeSe2 ) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is reported. Systematically experimental and theoretical results show that the formed Se vacancies with phosphorus doping can synergistically modulate the electronic structure of FeSe2 and facilitate OER kinetics with the resulting enhanced electrical conductivity and electrochemical surface area. Importantly, the in situ formed FeOOH species on the surface of the P-FeSe2 nanorods (denoted as P-FeOOH(Se)) during the OER process acts as an active component to efficiently catalyze OER and exhibits a low overpotential of 217 mV to reach 10 mA cm-2 with good durability. Promisingly, an alkaline electrolyzer assembled with P-FeOOH(Se) and Pt/C electrodes requires an ultra-low cell voltage of 1.50 V at 10 mA cm-2 for overall water splitting, which is superior to the RuO2 || Pt/C counterpart and most of the state-of-the-art electrolyzers, demonstrating the high potential of the fabricated electrocatalyst by P doping strategy to explore more highly efficient selenide-based catalysts for various reactions.

Unilateral Abduction Dorsiflexion Mechanism Brace as an Attractive Alternative of Congenital Talipes Equino-Varus Treatment - a Preliminary Report.

Ponseti method of CTEV treatment includes use of a foot orthosis, compliance with this can be a challenge. A new brace- Abduction Dorsiflexion Mechanism brace (ADM, C-Prodirect) was introduced to address this. The aim of the study was to assess whether the new ADM brace improves compliance and prevents relapse in children with corrected clubfoot. Eight children with unilateral CTEV who did not tolerate the standard brace were included in the study. All children had been previously treated with Ponseti casting, Achilles tenotomy and Ponseti AFO Abduction Brace (C-Prodirect®). The mean age of children included was 27 months. Parents' satisfaction with the brace was assessed using Client Satisfaction with Device (CSD) questionnaire. Parents reported better tolerance of the brace by the child in six out of eight cases. ADM brace is viable alternative in maintaining correction of unilateral idiopathic CTEV when compliance to standard AFO abduction brace is poorly tolerated.

Mindful gratitude journaling: psychological distress, quality of life and suffering in advanced cancer: a randomised controlled trial.

CONTEXT: Numerous studies have shown that gratitude can reduce stress and improve quality of life. OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to examine the effect of mindful gratitude journaling on suffering, psychological distress and quality of life of patients with advanced cancer. METHODS: We conducted a parallel-group, blinded, randomised controlled trial at the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia. Ninety-two adult patients with advanced cancer, and an overall suffering score ≥4/10 based on the Suffering Pictogram were recruited and randomly assigned to either a mindful gratitude journaling group (N=49) or a routine journaling group (N=43). RESULTS: After 1 week, there were significant reductions in the overall suffering score from the baseline in both the intervention group (mean difference in overall suffering score=-2.0, 95% CI=-2.7 to -1.4, t=-6.125, p=0.000) and the control group (mean difference in overall suffering score=-1.6, 95% CI=-2.3 to -0.8, t=-4.106, p=0.037). There were also significant improvements in the total Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score (mean difference=-3.4, 95% CI=-5.3 to -1.5, t=-3.525, p=0.000) and the total Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being score (mean difference=7.3, 95% CI=1.5 to 13.1, t=2.460, p=0.014) in the intervention group after 7 days, but not in the control group. CONCLUSION: The results provide evidence that 7 days of mindful gratitude journaling could positively affect the state of suffering, psychological distress and quality of life of patients with advanced cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The trial was registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN1261800172191) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

CCDC86 promotes the aggressive behavior of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by positively regulating EGFR and activating the PI3K/Akt signaling.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck. A number of studies have confirmed that coiled-coil domain-containing protein 86 (CCDC86) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lymphoma but the role of CCDC86 in NPC has not yet been reported. Here, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to explore whether CCDC86 plays a role in the pathogenesis of NPC and to identify the specific mechanism. We found that CCDC86 was highly expressed in NPC tissues and cells, and the expression level of CCDC86 was correlated with the prognosis of patients with advanced NPC. CCDC86 promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NPC cells in vivo and in vitro by promoting the EMT process and upregulating the expression of MMPs. Then, we confirmed that EGFR is a downstream target gene of CCDC86 and that CCDC86 can promote the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NPC cells by upregulating the expression of EGFR and activating downstream PI3K/Akt. Furthermore, we confirmed that CCDC86 did not directly bind to EGFR but positively regulated EGFR by binding to NPM1. CCDC86 is expected to be used as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for predicting the prognosis of NPC.

Surface-Mediated Production of Complexed •OH Radicals and FeO Species as a Mechanism for Iron Oxide Peroxidase-Like Nanozymes.

Fe3 O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with intrinsic peroxidase-like properties have attracted significant interest, although limited information is available on the definite catalytic mechanism. Here, it is shown that both complexed hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and high-valent FeO species are attributed primarily to the peroxidase-like catalytic activity of Fe3 O4 NPs under acid conditions rather than only being caused by free •OH radicals generated through the iron-driven Fenton/Haber-Weiss reactions as previously thought. The low energy barrier of OO bond dissociation of H2 O2 /•OOH (0.14 eV) and the high oxidation activity of surface FeO (0 eV) due to the reduced state of Fe on the surface of Fe3 O4 NPs thermodynamically favor both the •OH and FeO pathways. By contrast, high-valent FeO species are the key intermediates in the catalytic cycles of natural peroxidase enzymes. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the enzyme-like activity of Fe3 O4 NPs can be rationally regulated by modulating the size, surface structure, and valence of active metal atoms in the light of this newly proposed nanozyme catalytic mechanism.

Histology study and transcriptome analysis of the testis of Loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) in response to phenanthrene exposure.

Phenanthrene (PHE) is one of the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAHs) in the aquatic environment. The loaches were exposed at concentrations of 0.30、1.00、3.00 mg L-1 for 60 days. The effects of PHE on the testis development were evaluated by calculating the survival rate, observing the structure of testis and analyzing transcriptome. Firstly, PHE markedly decreased the survival rate in a dose-dependent manner. Then, the number and density of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes and spermatids were substantially reduced under PHE exposure. The space in the seminiferous tubule obviously increased in the high PHE concentration group. Meanwhile, transcriptome comparative analysis identified 5329 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 2928 up-regulated and 2401 down-regulated in the testis of loach exposed PHE for 60 days. Meiotic cell cycle, arganelle fission, ATPase activity and adenylate nucleotide binding were significantly differences by GO (Gene Ontology) enrichment. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis revealed that TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor) signaling pathway, CAMs (Cell Adhesion Molecules), cytochrome P450 and lipid metabolism were markedly regulated. In addition, eight DEGs were randomly selected from the testis transcriptomics results for qPCR verification, the results were consistent with RNA-Seq. Finally, related genes (piwil2, dmc1, vasa, ubr2, dnd, rnf17, plcb2, c-fos, gpx4) of testis development were further confirmed and they were differentially regulated after PHE exposure. In summary, a survey of the mechanism of loach testis response to PHE was performed, and a large number of gene expression levels regarding metabolism, spermatogenesis and immunity genes were acquired from RNA-seq. This study provide informations for elucidating the molecular mechanism of PHE affected the testis development of loach.

[Comparative analysis of powder and piece decocting processes of Yinqiao Powder based on determination of multiple primary components].

The present study established specific chromatograms and a method for determining multiple primary components in Yinqiao Powder decoctions and compared the change rules of chemical composition in powder and piece decocting processes of Yinqiao Powder to provide a scientific basis for the modern research of preparations of Yinqiao Powder. Powder and piece decoctions of Yinqiao Powder were prepared. The specific chromatograms were determined and the content of 17 primary components was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), including adoxosidic acid, neochlorogenic acid, forsythoside E, loganic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, sweroside, forsythoside Ⅰ, forsythoside H, forsythoside A, isochlorogenic acid B, E-aldosecologanin, hesperidin, phillyrin, arctiin, liquiritigenin, and dipotassium glycyrrhizinate. The effect of decocting time on the chemical composition in powder and piece decoctions of Yinqiao Powder was investigated. As a result, the specific chromatogram similarities of powder decoctions of Yinqiao Powder with different decocting time were high, which indicated that their chemical compositions were similar, while the similarities of piece decoctions were low, suggesting similar chemical compositions with big differences. In powder decoctions, the concentrations of neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, forsytherin H, and isochlorogenic acid B increased with the prolongation of decocting time, and those of adoxosidic acid, forsythoside E, forsythoside Ⅰ, E-aldosecologanin, phillyrin, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, loganic acid, arctiin, sweroside, and liquiritigenin increased firstly and tended to be stable, while those of forsythoside A, chlorogenic acid, and hesperidin increased firstly and then decreased. In piece decoctions, the concentration of chlorogenic acid increased firstly and then decreased with the prolongation of decocting time, while those of the remaining 16 components showed an upward trend. The concentrations of adoxosidic acid, forsythoside E, forsythoside Ⅰ, E-aldosecologanin, phillyrin, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, forsythoside A, forsythoside H, and chlorogenic acid in powder decoctions were higher than those in piece decoctions. The concentrations of hesperidin, loganic acid, phillyrin, sweroside, liquiritigenin, neochlorogenic acid, and cryptochlorogenic acid in powder decoctions were higher than those in piece decoctions within 40 min of decocting. The concentration of isochlorogenic acid B in powder decoctions was lower than that in piece decoction 10 min after decocting. The results showed that the decocting time and particle size of raw medicinal materials had certain effects on the content of chemical components in decoctions of Yinqiao Powder. Compared with the piece decocting, the powder decocting could achieve faster resolution of chemical components and higher concentrations, which confirmed the scientific evidence of the traditional powder decocting method of Yinqiao Powder. For the piece decocting of prescriptions of Yinqiao Powder, extraction time should be prolonged and extraction times should be increased to achieve the same effect as the powder decocting.

Metaverse and Virtual Health Care in Ophthalmology: Opportunities and Challenges.

ABSTRACT: The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 has further increased the urgent need for digital transformation within the health care settings, with the use of artificial intelligence/deep learning, internet of things, telecommunication network/virtual platform, and blockchain. The recent advent of metaverse, an interconnected online universe, with the synergistic combination of augmented, virtual, and mixed reality described several years ago, presents a new era of immersive and real-time experiences to enhance human-to-human social interaction and connection. In health care and ophthalmology, the creation of virtual environment with three-dimensional (3D) space and avatar, could be particularly useful in patient-fronting platforms (eg, telemedicine platforms), operational uses (eg, meeting organization), digital education (eg, simulated medical and surgical education), diagnostics, and therapeutics. On the other hand, the implementation and adoption of these emerging virtual health care technologies will require multipronged approaches to ensure interoperability with real-world virtual clinical settings, user-friendliness of the technologies and clinical efficiencies while complying to the clinical, health economics, regulatory, and cybersecurity standards. To serve the urgent need, it is important for the eye community to continue to innovate, invent, adapt, and harness the unique abilities of virtual health care technology to provide better eye care worldwide.

Two Olean-27-carboxylic Acid-Type Triterpenoids as Chemical Markers Isolated from Saxifraga umbellulata.

Two olean-27-carboxylic acid-type triterpenoids (1 and 2) were isolated from Saxifraga umbellulata (Saxifragaceae), representing the first case in the chemical discoveries of genus Saxifraga. Compound 1 was determined to be a new compound named 'Saxifragic acid' based on the comprehensive spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses. Compound 2 (deacetylated saxifragic acid) is a known compound reported before, but its absolute configuration through X-ray crystallographic analyses was first described here. In addition, their cytotoxicity against five digestive human cancer cell lines (BGC-823, GBC-SD, CCC-9810, HT-29, and HepG2) and hepatoprotective activity against CCl4 -induced L-o2 cell injury in vitro were evaluated. Interestingly, UPLC-QTOFMS analysis showed that these two compounds could be used as chemical markers to discriminate between S. umbellulata and S. tangutica, both of which are used for the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases in traditional Tibetan medicine.

Study of the Contents of Analogues of Aristolochic Acid in Houttuynia cordata by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

In this study, a new and simple method was established for the simultaneous determination of analogues of aristolochic acids (aristolochic acid I, aristolochic acid II, aristolactam I and aristolactam AII) in Houttuynia cordata by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS). The samples were ultrasonically extracted with methanol, purified with HC-C18, and then separated on a C18 column (75 × 2.1 mm, 2.0 µm) at 35 °C. Under the optimized conditions, aristolochic acid I (AA-I), aristolochic acid II (AA-II), aristolactam I (AL-I) and aristolactam AII (AL-AII) all showed good linear regression (not less than 0.9987). The average recoveries of the four analytes were within the range of 72.3-105.5%, with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) being ≤7.6%. The proposed method was then applied to the determination of Houttuynia cordata samples collected from different regions in China. The results showed that none of the three carcinogenic substances (aristolochic acid I, aristolochic acid II and aristolactam I) were detected in any of the 22 samples collected from 22 different regions of China, while aristolactam AII, which has not been reported to have genotoxicity, was detected in all samples. This study provides a valuable reference for the further safety assessment of Houttuynia cordata.

Contributing and Relieving Factors of Suffering in Palliative Care Cancer Patients: A Descriptive Study.

To palliate suffering, understanding the circumstances leading to suffering and its amelioration could be helpful. Our study aimed to explore contributing and relieving factors of suffering in palliative care. Adult palliative care stage III or IV cancer in-patients were recruited from University of Malaya Medical Centre. Participants recorded their overall suffering score from 0 to 10 three times daily, followed by descriptions of their contributing and relieving factors. Factors of suffering were thematically analysed with NVIVO. Descriptive data were analysed with SPSS. 108 patients participated. The most common contributing factor of suffering was health factor (96.3%), followed by healthcare factor (78.7%), psychological factor (63.0%) and community factor (20.4%). The most common relieving factor was health factor (88.9%), followed by psychological factor (78.7%), community factor (75.9%) and healthcare factor (70.4%). Self-reported assessment of suffering offers a rapid approach to detect bothering issues that require immediate attention and further in-depth exploration.

Photoexcited NO2 Enables Accelerated Response and Recovery Kinetics in Light-Activated NO2 Gas Sensing.

Slow response and recovery kinetics is a major challenge for practical room-temperature NO2 gas sensing. Here, we report the use of visible light illumination to significantly shorten the response and recovery times of a PbSe quantum dot (QD) gel sensor by 21% (to 27 s) and 63% (to 102 s), respectively. When combined with its high response (0.04%/ppb) and ultralow limit of detection (3 ppb), the reduction in response and recovery time makes the PbSe QD gel sensor among the best p-type room-temperature NO2 sensors reported to date. A combined experimental and theoretical investigation reveals that the accelerated response and recovery time is primarily due to photoexcitation of NO2 gaseous molecules and adsorbed NO2 on the gel surface, rather than the excitation of the semiconductor sensing material, as suggested by the currently prevailing light-activated gas-sensing theory. Furthermore, we find that the extent of improvement attained in the recovery speed also depends on the distribution of excited electrons in the adsorbed NO2/QD gel system. This work suggests that the design of light-activated sensor platforms may benefit from a careful assessment of the photophysics of the analyte in the gas phase and when adsorbed onto the semiconductor surface.

Benzene decomposition by non-thermal plasma: A detailed mechanism study by synchrotron radiation photoionization mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations.

Non-thermal Plasma (NTP) catalysis is considered as one of the most promising technologies to address a wide range of environmental needs, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NOx removal. To meet the updated environmental emission standard, the NTP catalysis reaction system needs to be better understood and further optimized. In this work, the degradation process of benzene in NTP, which is still regarded as a "black box" process, was explored by synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry (SVUV-PIMS). For the first time, we observed over 20 representative species by PIMS and identified their structures accurately by photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectra. Phenol, acetylene and acrolein were recognized as the three main products. More intriguingly, concentration profiles demonstrated that a large amount of acrolein and also several higher-order products, which were usually neglected in previous research, were produced during the NTP destruction process. The details of the benzene degradation reaction mechanism, were finally established by the combination of SVUV-PIMS results, thermochemistry and theoretical calculations. This work helps to complete the mechanistic picture of plasma chemistry, which may be helpful on raveling the more complicated NTP catalysis mechanism in the future therefore contributing to design of improved NTP system for environmental applications.

Quassinoids from Brucea javanica and attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathways.

Four new quassinoids (1-4) and twenty known analogues (5-24) were isolated from the seeds of Brucea javanica. All the compounds belong to tetracyclic quassinoids. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS and 1D, 2D NMR. In in vitro bioassays, (5-9, 17-19 and 23) showed inhibitory activities for nitric oxide (NO) release in LPS-activated MH-S macrophages and IC50 values of 0.11-45.56 µM. Among them, bruceoside B significantly decreased LPS-induced NO, secretion of inflammatory factor cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß). Western Blot was used to verify the expression of p-IκB-α, IκB-α, p-NF-κB, NF-κB, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-Akt, and Akt proteins in PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signal pathway. Bruceoside B inhibited the activity of Akt and its downstream pathways and reduced the activation of apoptotic. In vivo, it was found that bruceoside B had obvious therapeutic effect on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice, and the effect of tissue section was obvious. The regulatory signal pathway of bruceoside B on inflammation was consistent with the anti-inflammatory pathway in vitro. Therefore, the results implied that bruceoside B has a certain therapeutic effect on inflammation and has a certainly effect on acute lung injury.