Oncopeptide MBOP Encoded by LINC01234 Promotes Colorectal Cancer through MAPK Signaling Pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in incidence rate and second in mortality rate of malignancy worldwide, and the diagnosis and therapeutics of it remain to be further studied. With the emergence of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and potential peptides derived from ncRNAs across various biological processes, we here aimed to identify a ncRNA-derived peptide possible for revealing the oncogenesis of CRC. Through combined predictive analysis of the coding potential of a batch of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), the existence of an 85 amino-acid-peptide, named MEK1-binding oncopeptide (MBOP) and encoded from LINC01234 was confirmed. Mass spectrometry and Western blot assays indicated the overexpression of MBOP in CRC tissues and cell lines compared to adjacent noncancerous tissues and the normal colonic epithelial cell line. In vivo and in vitro migration and proliferation assays defined MBOP as an oncogenic peptide. Immunoprecipitation trials showed that MEK1 was the key interacting protein of MBOP, and MBOP promoted the MEK1/pERK/MMP2/MMP9 axis in CRC. Two E3-ligase enzymes MAEA and RMND5A mediated the ubiquitin-protease-system-related degradation of MBOP. This study indicates that MBOP might be a candidate prognostic indicator and a potential target for clinical therapy of CRC.

Electrochemical immunosensor based on hollow porous Pt skin AgPt alloy/NGR as a dual signal amplification strategy for sensitive detection of Neuron-specific enolase.

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a specific marker for small cell carcinoma (SCLC). Sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensors are powerful for biomarker analysis, and the electrocatalytic activity of the signal amplification platform and the performance of the substrate are critical to their sensitivity. In this work, N atom-doped graphene functionalized with hollow porous Pt-skin Ag-Pt alloy (HP-Ag/Pt/NGR) was designed as a dual signal amplifier. The hollow porous Pt skin structure improves the atomic utilization and the larger internal cavity spacing significantly increases the number of electroactive centers, thus exhibiting more extraordinary electrocatalytic activity and durability for H2O2 reduction. Using NGR with good catalytic activity as the support material of HP-Ag/Pt, the double amplification of the current signal is realized. For the substrate, polypyrrole-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PPy-PEDOT) nanotubes were synthesized by a novel chemical polymerization route, which effectively increased the interfacial electron transfer rate. By coupling Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) with PPy-PEDOT, the immune activity of biomolecules is maintained and the conductivity is further enhanced. Under optimal conditions, the linear range was 50 fg mL-1 - 100 ng mL-1, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 18.5 fg mL-1. The results confirm that the developed immunosensor has great promise for the early clinical diagnosis of SCLC.

Metastatic colorectal cancer: Perspectives on long non-coding RNAs and promising therapeutics.

Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has long been lethal despite the continuous efforts of researchers worldwide to discover and improve therapeutic regimens. Thanks to the emergence of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which has strongly reshaped our inherent perspectives on the pathophysiological patterns of disease, research in the field has been reinvigorated. Here, we focus on current understanding of the modes of action of lncRNAs, and review their regulatory roles in metastatic colorectal cancer, and discuss correlated potential lncRNA-based therapeutics. All of the discussed studies share clear and promising perspectives on future diagnostic and therapeutic remedies for metastatic colorectal cancer.

Comparison between nedaplatin and cisplatin plus docetaxel combined with intensity-modulated radiotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicenter randomized phase II clinical trial.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is highly incident in southern China. Metastasis is the major cause of death in NPC patients. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has been accepted as standard in the treatment of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, induction chemotherapy (IC) also has benefits in this disease, especially in the patients with certain high-risk factors such as bulky and/or extensive nodal disease. It has been presented that adding IC to CCRT might be a reasonable approach and need more work to confirm. The optimal chemotherapeutic regimen combined with radiotherapy has not been determined so far. It is important to explore high effective and low toxic chemotherapy for the patients. In the multicenter prospective study, 223 patients with locoregionally advanced untreated NPC were randomized into experimental group and control group. The patients received two cycles of induction chemotherapy (IC) with docetaxel (DOC) plus nedaplatin (NDP) in experimental group every 3 weeks, followed by IMRT concurrent with weekly NDP for six cycles, and NDP was replaced by cisplatin (CDDP) in control group. More patients in experimental group could receive full courses of IC and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) (P=0.013). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the percentage of reduction of GTVnx and GTVnd after IC (P=0.207 and P=0.107) and CR rate three months after completion of chemoradiotherapy (P=0.565 and P=0.738). With a mean follow-up of 35.1 months, no statistically significant difference in the 3-year OS, LRFS, RRFS, DMFS, and PFS was found. During IC, more patients suffered vomiting in control group (P=0.001). During CCRT, grade 3/4 neutropenia/thrombocytopenia were more common in experimental group (P=0.028 and P=0.035); whereas, severe anemia and vomiting were more common in control group (P=0.0001 and P=0.023). In conclusions, patients with locoregionally advanced NPC showed good tolerance and compliance with a manageable toxicity profile to the regimen of IC with DOC plus NDP followed by concomitant NDP and IMRT, which is as effective as the regimen of DOC plus CDDP as IC followed by concomitant CDDP and IMRT. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 01479504).