Association between periodontal disease and pericardial adipose tissue in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Background: Periodontal disease (PD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) is known as a marker of progressive CVD. This study sought to assess the association between PD and PAT in patients with CVD. Methods: We retrospectively investigated 135 patients admitted for CVD who underwent computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) and periodontal examinations. Periodontal assessment using the community periodontal index (CPI) was based on the probing pocket depth around teeth. Patients with CPI ≥3 were categorized as having PD. PAT volume was measured with a quantitative semi-automated procedure using CTCA images. Patients were divided into tertiles according to PAT volume. Baseline characteristics and PD findings were compared among the tertiles. Results: Eighty-six patients were diagnosed with PD (63.7 %). Mean PAT volume was 181.4 ml, and patients were categorized as small-PAT (PAT <148.9 ml), intermediate-PAT (148.9 ml ≤ PAT ≤204.6 ml), and large-PAT (PAT >204.6 ml). The prevalence of PD was significantly higher in large-PAT (38/46, 82.6 %) than in small-PAT (18/45, 40.0 %) and intermediate-PAT (30/44, 68.2 %) patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that body weight, history of hypertension, and the presence of PD were independent predictors for large-PAT (odds ratio [OR]: 1.12, P < 0.001, OR: 3.97, P = 0.017, and OR: 4.18, P = 0.0078, respectively). Conclusion: The presence and severity of PD were significantly correlated with PAT volume, which has been associated with progressive CVD. Further prospective studies are warranted to assess the impact of PD on the onset and outcomes of CVD.

Effect of Periodontal Disease on Long-Term Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for De Novo Coronary Lesions in Non-Smokers.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effect of periodontal disease (PD) on the outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods and Results: The study included 77 consecutive non-smoking patients with de novo coronary lesions treated with a drug-eluting stent (DES). Periodontal measurements, including the community periodontal index (CPI), were performed by independent periodontists. A CPI score of ≥3 was used to define PD. The occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), which were defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, or non-target lesion revascularization, was compared between patients with and without PD. Of the 77 patients, 49 (63.6%) exhibited a CPI score of 3 or 4 and were assigned to the PD group. The remaining 28 patients (36.4%) were assigned to the non-PD group. Baseline clinical characteristics and angiographic findings were comparable between the 2 groups. MACEs occurred in 13 (26.5%) of the PD patients and 2 (7.1%) of the non-PD patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly lower MACE-free survival rate in the PD group than for the non-PD group (P=0.034). CONCLUSIONS: PD at baseline was associated with an increased risk of MACEs in CAD patients who were treated with a DES for de novo coronary lesions.