Hyper-IgE syndrome: a case report.

Introduction and importance: Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES), also known as Job syndrome, is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by elevated serum IgE levels, recurrent infections, and various clinical features. Early diagnosis, prompt management of infections, and supportive care are essential in improving outcomes for individuals with HIES. Genetic testing, including STAT3 gene sequencing, plays a crucial role in confirming the diagnosis. Further research is needed to enhance our understanding of HIES and develop targeted therapies to improve the quality of life for affected individuals. Case presentation: This case report presents the clinical features and management of a 37-year-old male with HIES, diagnosed at the age of 2 due to recurrent cold abscesses caused by Staphylococcal infections. Clinical discussion: The patient exhibited typical symptoms of HIES, including recurrent eczema, frequent bacterial infections, mucocutaneous candidiasis, and various physical abnormalities. Diagnostic markers such as elevated IgE levels and eosinophilia supported the HIES diagnosis, which was further confirmed by the identification of a STAT3 gene mutation. Treatment primarily involved supportive measures and antibiotics for infections. The patient's blood test results and imaging findings revealed abnormalities such as low red blood cell count, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and pulmonary nodules. Conclusion: This case report highlights the importance of early diagnosis, prompt management of infections, and the need for ongoing research to improve our understanding and treatment of HIES.

Testicular mesothelioma disguised as hydrocele: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Testicular tumors have many different manifestations. The majority of these cases are presented as an incidental finding during hydrocelectomy. Malignant mesotheliomas are uncommon tumours that can arise from the coelomic epithelium of the pleura, peritoneum, pericardium, and tunica vaginalis. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 51-year-old South Asian (Indian) male patient with a rare case of mesothelioma, presenting with right hydrocele, to whom a right hydrocelectomy was performed. Any history of trauma or asbestos exposure was not present. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry reports revealed a malignant mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis. There was no invasion of the tumour to the epididymis and spermatic cord. Imaging studies showed no signs of metastasis. 1 month later, a high inguinal orchidectomy was performed. The patient underwent adjuvant chemotherapy thereafter and is still on follow-up. CONCLUSION: Although hydrocele is common, detailed evaluation is mandatory to rule out certain rare tumours-testicular and paratesticular variants.

Efficacy of Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined With Camrelizumab in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary cancer of liver tissue and is often caused by chronic liver diseases. The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system is commonly used to determine the stage and prognosis of HCC. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the recommended first-line therapy for intermediate-stage HCC (patients who have asymptomatic, multi-nodular hepatocellular carcinoma). Over the past 10 years, the combination of TACE with immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as Camrelizumab, has shown promising results in treating HCC. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Elsevier, Scopus, ATC abstracts, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases was performed to identify relevant studies on the effectiveness of TACE combined with Camrelizumab in the treatment of HCC. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assurance were conducted by independent investigators. From 1023 identified citations, six studies were included in the final analysis. The combined results of these studies showed a complete response rate of 7.35%, a partial response rate of 37.10%, stable disease in 28.76% of patients, an objective response rate of 46.13%, a disease control rate of 77.19%, and progression-free survival of 6.2 months. The combination of TACE and Camrelizumab appears to be a safe and effective treatment option for patients with advanced, recurrent, and unresectable HCC. However, the included studies had limitations such as retrospective design and small sample sizes. Further research is needed to validate and expand on these findings.