RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) is a growing health problem, little is known about long-term radiographic outcome and factors for deterioration in patients with MAC-PD. METHODS: Data on patients with nodular bronchiectatic (NBE) MAC-PD who underwent regular follow-up for >5 years were retrospectively reviewed. Changes in plain chest radiograph (CXR) and baseline characteristics were compared between the stable and deteriorated groups. RESULTS: Seventy-two patients were investigated, including 30 patients who were examined 10 years after the initial visit. One patient (1.4%) showed progressive or remarkably progressive disease on CXR at 1 year; this rate increased to 22.2% at 5 years and to 53.3% at 10 years. Body mass index (BMI) at the initial visit was lower in the deteriorated group than in the stable group. Cavitary disease and resistance to a macrolide were seen more frequently at the initial visit in the deteriorated group than in the stable group. CONCLUSIONS: NBE MAC-PD is a slowly but substantially progressive long-term infection (5-10 years). Our data suggest that patients with lower BMI, cavitary disease and resistance to a macrolide at initial visit are more likely to progress to deteriorating disease.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Complexo Mycobacterium avium/isolamento & purificação , Infecção por Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Coortes , Progressão da Doença , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Macrolídeos/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complexo Mycobacterium avium/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecção por Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare/tratamento farmacológico , Infecção por Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare/microbiologia , Radiografia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology with variable manifestations, which may affect virtually any organ. Muscular sarcoidosis is a rare entity, and among this group of muscular lesions, the tumour-like muscular sarcoidosis subtype is extremely rare. We report on two sarcoidosis cases that presented muscular sarcoid lesions with subcutaneous tumours.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Musculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Musculares/diagnóstico , Sarcoidose/diagnóstico , Antineoplásicos Hormonais/uso terapêutico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Musculares/tratamento farmacológico , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Sarcoidose/tratamento farmacológico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Two cDNA encoding red sea bream DE-1 and DE-2 phospholipases A2 (PLA2) were cloned from the hepatopancreas of red sea bream, Pagrus (Chrysophrys) major. The cDNA of DE-1 PLA2 encoded a mature protein of 125 amino acid residues with an apparent signal peptide of 20 residues and propeptide of 5 residues, and that of DE-2 PLA2, a mature protein of 126 amino acid residues with an apparent signal peptide of 17 residues and propeptide of 6 residues. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences for mature DE-1 and DE-2 PLA2 showed that both proteins contain 14 cysteines including Cys 11 and 77 and a pancreatic loop, which are commonly conserved in group IB PLA2; however, the identity in amino acid sequence between DE-1 and DE-2 PLA2 was low (47%). A previous report concerning the cDNA cloning of red sea bream gill G-3 PLA2 and the present results represent the first cloning and sequencing of three distinct isoforms of group IB PLA2 in a single fish species, red sea bream. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that DE-1 PLA2 mRNA was expressed in the hepatopancreas, pyloric ceca, intestine, spleen, gonad, stomach, and kidney, whereas gill G-3 PLA2 mRNA was expressed only in the gills and gonad. The expression of DE-2 PLA2 mRNA was detected in all of the tissues analyzed. These results indicate that three distinct isoforms of group IB PLA2, DE-1 and DE-2 PLA2 in hepatopanceas and gill G-3 PLA2, are expressed in a tissue-specific manner in red sea bream.
Assuntos
Fosfolipases A/classificação , Fosfolipases A/genética , Dourada/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Clonagem Molecular , Isoenzimas/química , Isoenzimas/classificação , Isoenzimas/genética , Isoenzimas/metabolismo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fosfolipases A/química , Fosfolipases A/metabolismo , Fosfolipases A2 , Filogenia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Alinhamento de Sequência , Homologia de Sequência de AminoácidosRESUMO
Keratosis follicularis squamosa (KFS) is a keratinizing disorder, which is well recognized in Japan but rarely reported in other countries. KFS is characterized by asymptomatic small scaly patches with a follicular plug that is scattered on the trunk and thighs. It is easily diagnosed by its characteristic appearance that was originally described in Japanese as "lotus leaves on the water". We report a typical case of KFS and review the mainly Japanese literature. We conclude that KFS is a distinct clinical entity of unknown origin. World-wide recognition of this disease should further clarify the prevalence and pathogenesis of this skin condition.
Assuntos
Folículo Piloso/patologia , Ceratose/diagnóstico , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Japão , Ceratose/patologiaRESUMO
Ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) are the most effective screening methodologies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In our US screening, 20% of small HCC nodules less than 20 mm in diameter were detected as hyperechoic tumors. Among these hyperechoic HCC nodules, we have often observed
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biópsia por Agulha , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Diferenciação Celular , Fígado Gorduroso/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado Gorduroso/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
A 72-year-old woman with a burn scar on the calves of both legs developed an ulcer on her right heel, surrounded by multiple verrucous nodules and plaques. She had experienced similar verrucous lesions on both legs in the burn scar areas. Although the clinical diagnosis was Marjolin's ulcer, histologically the ulcer region showed thick fibrous tissue without any atypical epithelial cells. The verrucous lesions were consistent with the diagnosis of eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA). Moreover, an ESFA-like growth pattern was seen in the elevated margin of the ulcer. Our findings suggest that these lesions developed as a result of reactive eccrine duct hyperplasia followed by skin tissue remodelling.
Assuntos
Adenoma de Glândula Sudorípara/etiologia , Queimaduras/complicações , Cicatriz/etiologia , Úlcera da Perna/etiologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Sudoríparas/etiologia , Adenoma de Glândula Sudorípara/patologia , Idoso , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Glândulas Écrinas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperplasia/complicações , Úlcera da Perna/patologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Sudoríparas/patologiaRESUMO
To elucidate the risk factors for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during the follow-up of patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), outpatients with LC were examined periodically by means of serum biochemical assessments, ultrasonography, and computed tomography. Risk factors for HCC were statistically analyzed. We also examined an efficacy of Lens culinaris agglutinin A-reactive profiles of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3%) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) value using a highly sensitive DCP determination kit (ED036) for the early recognition of HCC. The AFP-L3% and the ED036 value were retrospectively determined with stored serum samples. HCC was diagnosed in 21 of the 78 patients with LC during the follow-up period (mean follow-up period: 42 months). The estimated cumulative incidence of HCC was 25% with 3 years and 48% with 5 years. The most significant risk factor for the development of HCC in LC patients was found to be the mean serum AFP concentration from the year before the HCC detection (p=0.02). At the time of the recognition of HCC, the positive rates of the tumor markers were: serum AFP concentration 14%, serum DCP value 5%, AFP-L3% was 33%, and that of ED036 43%. The positive rate in collaborative use of AFP-L3% and ED036 was 67%. The simultaneous determination of the AFP-L3% and the ED036 value was shown to be effective for the early detection of HCC.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais , Biomarcadores , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Cirrose Hepática/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Precursores de Proteínas/sangue , Precursores de Proteínas/metabolismo , Protrombina/metabolismo , alfa-Fetoproteínas/metabolismo , Idoso , Aglutininas , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/etiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos TestesRESUMO
Destruction of the extracellular matrices is required for tumor invasion and metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 degrades type IV collagen and laminin, major components of the basement membrane. Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase activates the latent form of matrix metalloproteinase-2. We studied changes in membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in relation to the tumor differentiation of hepatocellular carcinomas. Activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 was also evaluated in hepatocellular carcinomas and noncancerous tissues. Overall, 37 hepatocellular carcinomas were studied. Expression of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase and matrix metalloproteinase-2 was determined by either immunohistochemistry (n=37) or in situ hybridization (n=6). Changes in membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression were evaluated in relation to tumor differentiation. Gelatinolytic activities were analyzed by gelatin zymography (n=4). Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase and matrix metalloproteinase-2 were detected in hepatoma cells and stromal cells. In addition, these matrix metalloproteinases were detected in the same hepatoma cells. Increased expression of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase and matrix metalloproteinase-2 was associated with tumor dedifferentiation. The active form of matrix metalloproteinase-2 was more strongly expressed by hepatocellular carcinomas than by noncancerous tissues. These findings indicate that increased expression of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase and matrix metalloproteinase-2 was associated with tumor dedifferentiation, suggesting that these matrix metalloproteinases are intimately involved in the invasion of hepatocellular carcinomas.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/enzimologia , Colagenases/biossíntese , Gelatinases/biossíntese , Neoplasias Hepáticas/enzimologia , Metaloendopeptidases/biossíntese , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/ultraestrutura , Diferenciação Celular , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Hibridização In Situ , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/ultraestrutura , Masculino , Metaloproteinase 1 da Matriz , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz , Microscopia Eletrônica , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (arterial infusion) has been clinically established as a qualitative diagnosis imaging tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) was performed after of Albunex (sonicated serum albumin) or Carbon Dioxide (CO2) microbubble by hand, into the hepatic artery as a diagnostic modality for the early HCC. Here, we discussed the diagnosis of the early HCC by CEUS using Albunex as a contrast medium. Briefly, a diagnosis of the early HCC was made CEUS examination of the hemodynamics of the arteries showed a hypovascular pattern. And tumor size was under 20 mm in diameter, the histopathologic examination was essential to reach a final diagnosis, well-differentiated HCC.
Assuntos
Albuminas/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Meios de Contraste/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/irrigação sanguínea , Humanos , Infusões Intra-Arteriais , Neoplasias Hepáticas/irrigação sanguínea , Microesferas , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is usually visualized as high density area in early phase of an incremental dynamic computed tomography (ID-CT). Small HCC nodules less than 2 cm in diameter are sometimes, however, showing no contrast enhancement. We examined 26 HCC nodules less than 2 cm in diameter by ID-CT. All HCC nodules examined were originally detected by ultrasonography and diagnosed by fine needle biopsy in histology. We studied the sensitivity of ID-CT in detecting HCC nodules and a possible association between a presence or absence of contrast enhancement and the degree of cell differentiation of HCC nodules. Of the 26 HCC nodules, 22 (84.6%) were detected by ID-CT. Of the 22 detected nodules, 7 were depicted as high density area in early phase of ID-CT, and 5 were moderately differentiated HCC and the other 2 were poorly differentiated HCC in histology. Twelve nodules were low density area in early phase of ID-CT, and all of them were well-differentiated HCC. The other 3 nodules, which were isodense in early phase, were depicted as low density area in late phase, and 2 were well-differentiated HCC and other was moderately differentiated HCC. In this study, most of small and well-differentiated HCC nodules less than 2 cm in diameter showed no contrast enhancement in early phase of ID-CT. Therefore, when ID-CT of intrahepatic nodules less than 2 cm shows low density in early phase without contrast enhancement, well-differentiated HCC are most suspected, and further examinations such as magnetic resonance imaging and needle biopsy are needed.