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1.
Mult Scler ; 29(11-12): 1482-1492, 2023 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37528618

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Up to 70% of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience cognitive difficulties. Cognitive rehabilitation is a type of therapy that helps manage cognitive problems. OBJECTIVE: The Cognitive Rehabilitation for Attention and Memory in MS (CRAMMS) trial showed some evidence of effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in improving cognitive function, with some participants benefitting more than others. We therefore conducted a secondary analysis of the CRAMMS data to understand who benefits most. METHODS: We grouped baseline data into four categories of possible predictors. We used regression models to identify specific factors/characteristics that could predict the likelihood that an individual will benefit from cognitive rehabilitation. RESULTS: The models predicted whether a participant improved or did not improve in neuropsychological function following cognitive rehabilitation in up to 86% of participants. Results suggest that younger participants with medium to high education, diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and primary-progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) who have not experienced any recent relapses, with mild to moderate cognitive difficulties were most likely to benefit from cognitive rehabilitation. CONCLUSION: We can predict which participants are most likely to demonstrate significant improvements in neuropsychological function following group-based cognitive rehabilitation. Clinically, this allows us to optimise limited neuropsychology resources by offering such cognitive rehabilitation to those most likely to benefit.


Assuntos
Esclerose Múltipla Crônica Progressiva , Esclerose Múltipla Recidivante-Remitente , Esclerose Múltipla , Humanos , Esclerose Múltipla/diagnóstico , Análise de Dados Secundários , Treino Cognitivo , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/complicações , Esclerose Múltipla Crônica Progressiva/complicações , Esclerose Múltipla Recidivante-Remitente/complicações
2.
Ann Oncol ; 24(4): 944-52, 2013 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23172637

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Primary data on training experiences of European gynaecological oncology trainees are lacking. This study aims to evaluate trainee profile, satisfaction and factors affecting the training experience in gynaecological oncology in Europe. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A web-based anonymous survey sent to ENYGO members/trainees in July 2011. It included sociodemographic information and a 22-item (1-5 Likert scale) questionnaire evaluating training experience in gynaecological oncology. Chi-square tests were used for evaluating the independence of categorical variables and t-test (parametric)/Mann-Whitney (non-parametric) tests for differences between two independent groups on continuous data. Cluster analysis was used to identify groupings in multivariate data and Cronbach's-alpha for questionnaire reliability. A multivariable linear regression model was used to assess the effect of variables on training satisfaction. RESULTS: One hundred and nineteen gynaecological-oncology trainees from 31 countries responded. The mean age was 37.4 (S.D, 5.3) years and 55.5% were in accredited training posts. Two clusters identified in the cohort (Calinski-Harabasz, CH = 47.35) differed mainly by accredited training (P = 0.003). The training-satisfaction score (TSS) had high reliability (Cronbach's alpha, 0.951) and was significantly associated with accredited posts (P < 0.0005), years of training (P = 0.001) and salary (P = 0.002). The TSS was independent of age (P = 0.360), working hours (P = 0.620), overtime-pay (P = 0.318), annual leave (P = 0.933), gender (P = 0.545) and marital status (P = 0.731). Accredited programme trainees scored significantly higher than others in 17 of 22 aspects of training. The areas of greater need included advanced laparoscopic/urological/colorectal surgery, radiation oncology, palliative-care, cancer genetics and research opportunities. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate the importance of accredited training and the need for harmonisation of gynaecological oncology training within Europe.


Assuntos
Educação Médica Continuada , Oncologia , Adulto , Europa (Continente) , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Oncologia/educação , Neoplasias/terapia , Cuidados Paliativos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Recursos Humanos
3.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 98(3): 852-7, 2001 Jan 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11158560

RESUMO

We report on the design and characterization of a class of biomolecular interfaces based on derivatized poly(l-lysine)-grafted poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers adsorbed on negatively charged surfaces. As a model system, we synthesized biotin-derivatized poly(l-lysine)-grafted poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers, PLL-g-[(PEGm)((1-x)) (PEG-biotin)(x)], where x varies from 0 to 1. Monolayers were produced on titanium dioxide substrates and characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The specific biorecognition properties of these biotinylated surfaces were investigated with the use of radiolabeled streptavidin alone and within complex protein mixtures. The PLL-g-PEG-biotin monolayers specifically capture streptavidin, even from a complex protein mixture, while still preventing nonspecific adsorption of other proteins. This streptavidin layer can subsequently capture biotinylated proteins. Finally, with the use of microfluidic networks and protein arraying, we demonstrate the potential of this class of biomolecular interfaces for applications based on protein patterning.


Assuntos
Lisina/química , Metais , Óxidos , Polietilenoglicóis/química , Proteínas/química , Estreptavidina/química , Sítios de Ligação , Biotina , Escherichia coli , Lisina/análogos & derivados , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Espectrometria por Raios X , Streptomyces , Propriedades de Superfície
4.
Arch Fam Med ; 9(8): 713-21, 2000 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10927709

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To estimate costs and outcomes of conventional annual Papanicolaou (Pap) test screening compared with biennial Pap test plus speculoscopy (PPS) screening for cervical neoplasms. DESIGN: A Markov model compared cost-effectiveness and outcomes of annual Pap tests with biennial PPS. The model includes direct costs of screening, diagnostic testing, and treatment for squamous intraepitheial lesions and invasive cancers; indirect costs (eg, lost productivity because of cervical cancer); and newer management practices, including human papillomavirus DNA testing. PATIENTS: Women aged 18 to 64 years. INTERVENTION: Screening for cervical neoplasms with either annual Pap smear test or biennial PPS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Marginal cost per life-year gained. RESULTS: The probability of women having squamous intraepithelial lesions, cervical cancer, or death from cervical cancer was lower among women undergoing PPS biennially. A total of 12 additional days of life per woman was gained with biennial PPS during the 47-year model period. Total average cumulative direct medical costs per patient were $1419 for biennial PPS compared with $1489 for annual Pap tests. Total costs, including direct medical costs and indirect costs, were $2185 for PPS compared with $3179 for Pap tests alone. Increased savings and patient outcomes were observed in high-risk populations. CONCLUSION: Our simulations indicate that biennial screening with PPS is expected to provide cost savings for women older than 18 years compared with annual Pap test screening, especially for those in high-risk populations.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/economia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/prevenção & controle , Programas de Rastreamento/economia , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Teste de Papanicolaou , Displasia do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Displasia do Colo do Útero/economia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/economia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Esfregaço Vaginal/economia , Adulto , Análise Custo-Benefício , Feminino , Humanos , Cadeias de Markov , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Estados Unidos
5.
Life Sci ; 64(6-7): 535-9, 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10069520

RESUMO

As a decrease in cholinergic neurons has been observed in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), therapeutic approaches to AD include inhibition of acetylcholinesterase to increase acetylcholine levels. Evidence suggests that acetylcholine release in the CNS is modulated by negative feedback via presynaptic M2 receptors, blockade of which should provide another means of increasing acetylcholine release. Structure-activity studies of [4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl]methylpiperazines led to the synthesis of 4-cyclohexyl-alpha-[4-[[4-methoxyphenyl]sulfinyl]-phenyl]-1-piperazin eacetonitrile. This compound, SCH 57790, binds to cloned human M2 receptors expressed in CHO cells with an affinity of 2.78 nM; the affinity at M1 receptors is 40-fold lower. SCH 57790 is an antagonist at M2 receptors expressed in CHO cells, as the compound blocks the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity mediated by the muscarinic agonist oxotremorine. This compound should be useful in assessing the potential of M2 receptor blockade for enhancement of cognition.


Assuntos
Antagonistas Muscarínicos/farmacologia , Piperazinas/farmacologia , Receptores Muscarínicos/fisiologia , Acetilcolina/metabolismo , Adenilil Ciclases/metabolismo , Doença de Alzheimer/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Sítios de Ligação , Células CHO , Colforsina/antagonistas & inibidores , Colforsina/farmacologia , Cricetinae , AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Humanos , Agonistas Muscarínicos/farmacologia , Antagonistas Muscarínicos/química , Antagonistas Muscarínicos/metabolismo , Antagonistas Muscarínicos/uso terapêutico , Oxotremorina/farmacologia , Piperazinas/química , Piperazinas/metabolismo , Quinuclidinil Benzilato/metabolismo , Receptor Muscarínico M2 , Receptores Muscarínicos/metabolismo , Transfecção
7.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 236(1): 44-9, 1997 Jul 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9223423

RESUMO

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 5a is the predominant genotype in southern Africa with a high prevalence amongst infected blood donors from areas in South Africa. We have determined the nucleotide sequence corresponding to the complete coding region of an HCV isolate, EUH1480, previously classified as genotype 5a, from an Edinburgh haemophiliac. The sequence contained a single open reading frame (ORF) coding for a polyprotein of 3014 amino acids. Comparison with the polyprotein sequences from other HCV genotypes, where the ORF varies from 3008 to 3037 amino acids, showed the observed variation in size was due to differences in lengths of the envelope 2 and the nonstructural 5A proteins. The sequence divergence of HCV genotype 5 ranged from 29.4% nucleotide differences (24.91% amino acid differences) compared with genotype 1c to 32.5% nucleotide differences (30.3% amino acid differences) compared with 2a. Phylogenetic analysis of the available full length nucleotide sequences showed EUH1480 to form a branch distinct from the other HCV types, confirming the classification of type 5a as a separate genotype.


Assuntos
Genoma Viral , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepatite C/virologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência , África do Sul/epidemiologia
8.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 234(2): 393-6, 1997 May 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9177282

RESUMO

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 6a is found in a restricted part of South East Asia, including Hong Kong, Macau and Vietnam. We determined the full length coding sequence of a type 6a isolate (EUHK2) obtained from a Hong Kong blood donor. The sequence of EUHK2 contained a single open reading frame coding for a polyprotein of 3018 amino acids, within the range of 3008 to 3037 for other HCV genotypes. The full length sequence of EUHK2 showed 30.3%-32.9% nucleotide (24.3%-29.4% amino acid) sequence divergence from genotypes 1-4, but only 27.7% (20.7% amino acid) divergence from JK046 ("type 11a"). These similarity values were intermediate between those of other HCV genotypes (minimum 28.4%) and between subtypes (maximum 25%). The close evolutionary relationship of EUHK2 with JK046 was further indicated by their grouping together by phylogenetic analysis.


Assuntos
Hepacivirus/genética , Clonagem Molecular , DNA Viral/genética , Evolução Molecular , Genótipo , Hepacivirus/classificação , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Hong Kong , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Proteínas Virais/genética
9.
Virus Res ; 40(1): 91-107, 1996 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8725124

RESUMO

Several expression systems were used in studies aimed at characterizing the equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) glycoprotein H and L homologues of HSV-1 (EHV-1 gH and gL) and the products were compared to the authentic proteins synthesized in virus infected cells. Using an in vitro transcription/translation system two gH species were detected (an unprocessed 89 kDa and a processed 116 kDa product). Three low molecular weight proteins were found in the case of gL (21.8 kDa, 22.9 kDa and 26.9 kDa) and these showed a slight reduction in mobility on the addition of microsomal membranes to the reactions. A gL fusion protein was produced in pGEX-2T, expression being confirmed by Western blotting using a gL-specific antiserum raised against a peptide incorporating the 13 carboxyl terminal amino acids of the protein. A gH specific peptide antiserum precipitated both gH and two smaller proteins from EHV-1 infected cells thought to be two forms of gL. Insect cells infected with gH or gL baculovirus recombinants were used to vaccinate C3H (H-2k) mice. Some protection against EHV-1 infection was conferred to the gH inoculated mice. The results will enable further studies on the importance of the gH and gL interaction in the pathogenesis of EHV-1 to be evaluated and their potential in contributing to a subunit vaccine to be assessed.


Assuntos
Herpesvirus Equídeo 1/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 1/genética , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/genética , Animais , Baculoviridae/genética , Sequência de Bases , Linhagem Celular , Linhagem Celular Transformada , Chlorocebus aethiops , DNA Viral , Expressão Gênica , Glutationa Transferase/genética , Herpesvirus Equídeo 1/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C3H , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Biossíntese de Proteínas , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/metabolismo , Spodoptera/citologia , Transcrição Gênica , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/imunologia
10.
Cell ; 82(4): 643-53, 1995 Aug 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7664343

RESUMO

Cells respond to diverse external stimuli by polymerizing cytoplasmic actin, and recent evidence indicates that GTPases can specify where this polymerization takes place. Actin assembly in stimulated blood platelets occurs where sequestered monomers add onto the fast-growing (barbed) ends of actin filaments (F-actin), which are capped in the resting cells. We report that D3 and D4 polyphosphoinositides, Pl(4)P, Pl(4,5)P2, Pl(3,4)P2, and Pl(3,4,5)P3, uncap F-actin in resting permeabilized platelets. The thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP), GTP, and GTP gamma S, but not GDP beta S, also uncap F-actin in permeabilized platelets. GDP beta S inhibits TRAP-induced F-actin uncapping, and Pl(4,5)P2 overcomes this inhibition. Constitutively active mutant Rac, but not Rho, activates uncapping of F-actin. Pl(4,5)P2-binding peptides derived from gelsolin inhibit F-actin uncapping by TRAP, Rac, and GTP gamma S. TRAP and Rac induce rapid Pl(4,5)P2 synthesis in permeabilized platelets. The findings establish a signaling pathway for actin assembly involving Rac in which the final message is phosphoinositide-mediated F-actin uncapping.


Assuntos
Actinas/sangue , Proteínas de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Fosfatos de Fosfatidilinositol/farmacologia , Receptores de Trombina/metabolismo , Actinas/química , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Plaquetas/efeitos dos fármacos , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Permeabilidade da Membrana Celular , Guanosina Difosfato/farmacologia , Guanosina Trifosfato/farmacologia , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Peptídeos/química , Peptídeos/metabolismo , Ativação Plaquetária , Transdução de Sinais , Proteínas rac de Ligação ao GTP
11.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 91(6): 2353-7, 1994 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8134398

RESUMO

Hemophilia B is a bleeding disorder caused by mutations in the factor IX gene. The disorder is X-linked recessive with a prevalence of about 1 in 30,000 Caucasian males. Factor IX is naturally synthesized in the liver and secreted into blood. Here we report the construction of recombinant adenoviral vectors containing the canine factor IX cDNA that are capable of transducing hepatocytes in mice at high efficiencies in vivo without partial hepatectomy. The recombinant viral vector was used to treat hemophilia B dogs by direct vector infusion into the portal vasculature of deficient animals. Plasma factor IX concentrations in the treated hemophilia B dogs increased from 0 to 300% of the level present in normal dogs, resulting in complete amelioration of the disease as demonstrated by normal blood coagulation and hemostatic measurements. Although plasma factor IX concentration started to decline after a few days, therapeutic levels of factor IX persisted for 1-2 months in the treated animals. The results validate the principle of in vivo hepatic gene delivery to reconstitute the genetic deficiency in a large animal model and suggest that gene therapy is achievable when long-acting vectors are developed.


Assuntos
Fator IX/genética , Terapia Genética , Hemofilia B/terapia , Fígado/metabolismo , Adenoviridae/genética , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Clonagem Molecular , DNA Viral , Cães , Feminino , Vetores Genéticos , Hemofilia B/genética , Hepatectomia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Transdução Genética , Cromossomo X
12.
J Pediatr Surg ; 29(2): 161-4; discussion 164-6, 1994 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8176586

RESUMO

Recurrent gastroesophageal reflux (GER) after antireflux procedures (ARP) has been correlated with significant neurological impairment (NI). Other major risk factors for recurrent GER have not been extensively characterized. The authors reviewed their experience with ARPs in children to better characterize the risk factors for recurrent GER and identify successful management strategies for these patients. The charts of 281 consecutively treated children who had an ARP at our institution (1985 to 1992) were reviewed. The neurological status of each child was assessed as normal or impaired (cerebral palsy, seizures, mental retardation, spasticity), and other medical diagnoses such as chronic pulmonary disorders (eg, interstitial disease, cystic fibrosis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, asthma, etc), and congenital malformations and syndromes were identified. The average follow-up period was 3 years (range, 1 to 7.5 years). Patients with symptoms of recurrent GER were evaluated with an upper gastrointestinal study. Patients with a radiologically intact fundoplication and suspected GER were further evaluated with a 24-hour pH probe. Statistical analyses were performed using the Fisher's Exact Test. Of the 281 patients who underwent ARP, 39 had documented recurrent GER (average, 16 months after surgery). Twenty-five (64%) of these children had chronic pulmonary disease (CPD). Thirty-two percent of all children with CPD had recurrent GER after ARP, versus 7% of those without CPD (P < .0001). For children with NI and CPD there was an increased risk (P < .0001) of failure when compared with the risk in the normal subgroup (children without CPD or NI) who underwent ARP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Assuntos
Refluxo Gastroesofágico/complicações , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/cirurgia , Pneumopatias/complicações , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Falha de Tratamento
13.
Horm Metab Res ; 24(12): 570-5, 1992 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1478615

RESUMO

The receptor for Müllerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS), a gonadal glycoprotein hormone, has not been previously identified. Plasma membranes from MIS-sensitive human tumor cell lines (HTB-111, endometrial carcinoma; and A-431, vulvar squamous carcinoma) were detergent extracted and incubated with 125I-labeled MIS anti-idiotypic antibody, or radioiodinated human recombinant MIS (125I rhMIS), with and without unlabeled competitors. 125I anti-idiotypic MIS antibody bound to HTB-111 membrane extracts was displaceable by unlabeled anti-idiotypic antibody, but not by anti-isotypic antibody prior to cross-linking. Specific binding of the anti-idiotypic MIS antibody to endometrial carcinoma cells was verified using fluorescence activated cell analysis and fluoresceinated antibody. Furthermore, unlabeled anti-idiotypic MIS antibody competed for 125I rhMIS binding to A-431 vulvar carcinoma membranes. The labeled anti-idiotypic MIS antibody binding complex could be separated from 32P labeled EGF receptor in the A-431 membranes, indicating that EGF, a natural inhibitor of MIS activity, and MIS itself bind to different receptors. These studies demonstrate a specific, displaceable binder for MIS in the plasmalemmae of two human tumor lines. Purification of this cell surface receptor protein will be greatly aided by using the MIS anti-idiotypic antibody.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Endométrio/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas , Inibidores do Crescimento/metabolismo , Hormônios Testiculares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Vulvares/metabolismo , Hormônio Antimülleriano , Anticorpos/imunologia , Anticorpos/metabolismo , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Sítios de Ligação de Anticorpos , Ligação Competitiva , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Inibidores do Crescimento/imunologia , Humanos , Idiótipos de Imunoglobulinas/imunologia , Radioisótopos do Iodo , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Hormônios Testiculares/imunologia , Células Tumorais Cultivadas
14.
Nucleic Acids Res ; 20(13): 3501-8, 1992 Jul 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1352874

RESUMO

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are designed to bind to a specific mRNA and selectively suppress its translation. To facilitate selection of optimal ASO targets, we have developed three thermodynamic indices to evaluate putative structural complexes important in ASO action. These indices are: a secondary structure score (Sscore), which estimates the strength of local mRNA secondary structures at the ASO target site; a duplex score (Dscore), which estimates the delta Gformation for the ASO:mRNA target sequence duplex; and a competition score (Cscore), which is the difference between the Dscore and the Sscore. We also present two histograms to graphically display these indices from different regions of the mRNA. The indices are compared to the inhibition reported in five studies of ASO-mediated suppression of gene expression. The Dscore is the most consistent predictor of ASO efficacy in four of the five studies (r2 from 0.44 to 0.99), while the results of the fifth study could not be predicted by any thermodynamic or physical index. Thus the Dscores and their histogram may prove useful in selection of ASO targets.


Assuntos
Conformação de Ácido Nucleico , Oligonucleotídeos Antissenso/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Algoritmos , Sequência de Bases , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/genética , Linhagem Celular , Genes myc/genética , Globinas/genética , Humanos , Molécula 1 de Adesão Intercelular , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Método de Monte Carlo , Oligonucleotídeos Antissenso/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Temperatura , Tetra-Hidrofolato Desidrogenase/genética
15.
J Gen Virol ; 73 ( Pt 4): 801-9, 1992 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1321875

RESUMO

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) glycoprotein 60 (gp60) and gp 17/18 (F3132 and 5H6 respectively) were found to react with the same protein, which was identified as a homologue of herpes simplex virus type 1 gD. MAb F3132 strongly neutralized virus infectivity and inhibited the penetration of the virus into the cell. The effects on penetration were shared with three other MAbs against this protein (P68, F3116 and F3129), but no effect on virus penetration was found with any other anti-EHV-1 MAb tested. The level of glycosylation of gp60 was analysed using glycanase enzymes and glycosylation inhibitors, and consisted of mainly N-linked carbohydrate. The M(r) of non-N-glycosylated gp60 was 50K.


Assuntos
Herpesvirus Equídeo 1/genética , Simplexvirus/genética , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/genética , Replicação Viral/genética , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Carboidratos/análise , Glicosilação , Infecções por Herpesviridae/metabolismo , Herpesvirus Equídeo 1/patogenicidade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Testes de Neutralização , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/imunologia , Virulência
16.
J Pediatr Surg ; 27(2): 165-9, 1992 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1564613

RESUMO

Central venous access for children with caval occlusion remains a major challenge to pediatric surgeons. Traditionally, children with superior and inferior vena cava (SVC, IVC) thrombosis have often required a thoracotomy to directly cannulate the azygos system or right atrium (RA). Recently, the possibility of placing tunneled RA catheters (RACs) by a percutaneous translumbar or transhepatic approach has become available. We report our experience of seven children with SVC and IVC obstruction who have received 11 transhepatic and 4 translumbar RACs from 1987 to 1991. All but one child was less than 2.5 years old and all were chronically dependent on parenteral nutrition. All catheters were placed in the angiography suite under general anesthesia using ultrasound guidance and Seldinger technique. This technique was successful in all seven children. Perioperative complications included accidental extubation in one patient and aspiration pneumonia in another. Mechanical complications requiring RAC replacement occurred 5 times in three infants (greater than 2,650 catheter days) and included catheter dislodgement (2) and thrombosis (3). In the patients with catheter thrombosis, the existing tract was successfully wired and the catheter exchanged on three occasions. Thrombolytic therapy was effective in restoring catheter patency on three other occassions. Nine episodes of catheter sepsis occurred in five children. Two late deaths occurred from infection. Of the five remaining children, four are dependent on total parenteral nutrition and have a translumbar or transhepatic catheter in situ and one child has adapted successfully to enteral feedings. Percutaneous translumbar or transhepatic IVC catheters provide excellent alternative routes for prolonged central venous access in those patients whose traditional vascular access sites are no longer available. Complications of the technique itself were minimal and although late catheter complications were not infrequent, they appear to be comparable to the standard approaches reported.


Assuntos
Cateterismo Venoso Central/instrumentação , Cateteres de Demora , Nutrição Parenteral Total/instrumentação , Veia Cava Inferior , Adolescente , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Bacterianas/etiologia , Cateterismo Venoso Central/efeitos adversos , Cateterismo Venoso Central/métodos , Pré-Escolar , Falha de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Nutrição Parenteral Total/efeitos adversos , Nutrição Parenteral Total/métodos , Terapia Trombolítica , Trombose/tratamento farmacológico , Trombose/etiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Ativador de Plasminogênio Tipo Uroquinase/uso terapêutico
17.
Anal Biochem ; 192(1): 173-80, 1991 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2048718

RESUMO

a simple gas chromatographic method for the assay of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) has been described in which arachidonic acid released from endogenous phospholipid pools is measured following its extraction and derivatization to pentafluorobenzyl esters. Using this assay, PLA2 activities in control and calcium ionophore-stimulated human neutrophils, as well as in control, thrombin, and calcium ionophore stimulated human platelets, have been measured. These values are compared with those obtained by monitoring the release of radioactivity from [3H]- or [14C]arachidonic acid prelabeled cells. While the radiometric assay measures only the release of exogenously incorporated radioactive arachidonic acid, the gas chromatographic assay measures arachidonic acid released from all the endogenous pools. Thus, the apparent increase in PLA2 activity in stimulated cells measured by the gas chromatographic assay is four- to fivefold higher than that by the radiometric assay. Inclusion of fatty acid free bovine serum albumin in the reaction buffer significantly increases the amount of arachidonic acid that is measured by gas chromatography. The gas chromatographic method has also been successfully utilized for measuring PLA2 activity in cell-free preparations derived from physically disrupted human neutrophils.


Assuntos
Ácidos Araquidônicos/sangue , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Cromatografia Gasosa , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Fosfolipases A/farmacologia , Acetofenonas/farmacologia , Plaquetas/efeitos dos fármacos , Calcimicina/farmacologia , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/farmacologia , Humanos , Cinética , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fosfolipases A2 , Soroalbumina Bovina/farmacologia , Trítio
18.
Biochem Pharmacol ; 37(7): 1331-41, 1988 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3128299

RESUMO

DNA is the purported target of several carcinogenic and mutagenic agents. Nuclear enzymes which could generate or detoxify reactive metabolites are of major concern. Several such enzymes have been identified within nuclei, but obtaining samples with enriched content or activity is difficult, time-consuming, and uses harsh isolation techniques. Extraction of rat liver nuclear suspensions with cholate-containing buffer results in solubilization of 25-30% of the protein. Linear extraction was obtained for total protein and cytochromes P-450 and b5, NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, DT-diaphorase, and microsomal-like epoxide hydrolase with specific activities comparable to values reported for isolated nuclear membrane, while the yield was five to ten times greater. Detergent extracts of rat liver nuclei were employed to study the comparative response of microsomal and nuclear enzymes to chemical treatment. While the responses to acute inductive (phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene) and toxic (carbon tetrachloride and dibromochloropropane) treatments were qualitatively similar, an initiation-promotion protocol (diethylnitrosamine with phenobarbital promotion) resulted in divergent responses between the enzymes in the two subcellular fractions. Detergent extracts of nuclei offer an efficient means of recovering xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes from rat liver nuclei, and have been utilized to demonstrate a differential response of nuclear enzymes during preneoplastic development.


Assuntos
Núcleo Celular/enzimologia , Ácidos Cólicos/farmacologia , Fígado/enzimologia , Animais , Tetracloreto de Carbono/toxicidade , Ácido Cólico , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/análise , Citosol/enzimologia , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Metilcolantreno/farmacologia , NAD(P)H Desidrogenase (Quinona) , NADP/farmacologia , NADPH-Ferri-Hemoproteína Redutase/análise , Preparações Farmacêuticas/metabolismo , Fenobarbital/farmacologia , Propano/análogos & derivados , Propano/toxicidade , Quinona Redutases/análise , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos
20.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) ; 27(5): 565-7, 1986.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3760019

RESUMO

Haematuria and left loin pain in a patient with abdominal aortic aneurysm and associated with the radiological finding of a poorly or non-functioning left kidney are the pathognomonic features of aorto-left renal vein fistula, a condition in which the aneurysm leaks into an anomalous retro-aortic left renal vein.


Assuntos
Aneurisma Aórtico/complicações , Fístula Arteriovenosa/complicações , Hematúria/etiologia , Veias Renais/anormalidades , Aorta Abdominal , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
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