RESUMO
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) uses full field digital mammography with the added benefit of intravenous contrast administration to significantly reduce false-positive and false-negative results and improve specificity while maintaining high sensitivity. For CESM to fulfill its purpose, one should be aware of possible artifacts and other factors which may interfere with image quality, and attention should be taken to minimize these factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This pictorial demonstration will depict types of artifacts detected and other factors that interfere with image acquisition in our practice since CESM implementation. RESULTS: Many of the artifacts and other factors we have encountered while using CESM have simple solutions to resolve them. CONCLUSION: The illustrated artifacts and other factors interfering with image quality will serve as a useful reference to anyone using CESM.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Mamografia/normas , Adulto , Idoso , Ar , Artefatos , Meios de Contraste/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Aumento da Imagem/métodos , Injeções Intravenosas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Movimento , Posicionamento do Paciente/normas , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) combines the benefits of full field digital mammography with the concept of tumor angiogenesis. Technique and practical applications of CESM are discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An overview of the technique is followed by a demonstration of practical applications of CESM in our practice. RESULTS: We have successfully implemented CESM into our practice as a screening, diagnostic, staging, and treatment response tool. CONCLUSION: It is important to understand the technique of CESM and how to incorporate it into practice.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Mamografia/métodos , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Meios de Contraste , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Intensificação de Imagem Radiográfica/métodos , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
High-grade ductal carcinoma in situ is incredibly rare in male patients. The prognosis for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in a male patient is the same as it would be for a female with the same stage disease; therefore, early recognition and diagnosis are of the utmost importance. We present a case of a male with unilateral invasive ductal carcinoma who was diagnosed with DCIS in the contralateral breast. The DCIS presented as microcalcifications on mammography and was found to be biopsy proven grade 3 papillary DCIS. This case also illustrates the importance of family history and risk factors, all of which need to be evaluated in any male presenting with a breast mass or nipple discharge.