Primary Type3 (Non-ABC, Non-GCB) Subtype of Extranodal Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Thyroid Bearing No MYD88 Mutation by Padlock Probe Hybridization.

Primary extranodal malignant lymphoma of the thyroid is a rare entity composed of mostly neoplastic transformation of germinal center-like B cells (GCB) or memory B cells. Other B-cell-type malignancies arising primarily in the thyroid have rarely been described. Immunohistochemical examination of autopsied primary malignant lymphoma of the thyroid in an 83-year-old Japanese female revealed the presence of a non-GCB subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) without the typical codon 206 or 265 missense mutation of MYD88. The lack of the highly oncogenic MYD88 gene mutation, frequently observed in DLBCL of the activated B-cell (ABC) subtype, and the detection of an extremely aggressive yet local clinical phenotype demonstrated that the present case was an exceptional entity of the type3 (non-GCB and non-ABC) subtype.

Alcohol consumption and prevalence of erectile dysfunction in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Baseline data from the Dogo Study.

Diabetes mellitus and heavy alcohol consumption are both associated with vascular disease, a category that includes erectile dysfunction (ED). However, the association between alcohol consumption and ED among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus remains unclear. The aim of the present multicenter cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between drinking frequency, weekly alcohol consumption, daily alcohol consumption, and ED among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study subjects were 340 male Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 19-70 years, who had undergone blood tests at our institutions. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on the variables under study. ED was defined as present when a subject had a Sexual Health Inventory for Men score <8. Adjustment was made for age, body mass index, duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus, current smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, glycated hemoglobin, stroke, coronary artery disease, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic neuropathy. The prevalence of ED was 43.2% (147/340). The frequency of alcohol consumption and weekly alcohol consumption were independently inversely associated with ED (p for trend p = 0.001 and 0.004, respectively). The relationship between daily alcohol consumption and ED was an inverted J-shaped curve: alcohol consumption of less than 60 g, but not 60 g or more, per day was independently related to a lower prevalence of ED (p for quadratic trend = 0.003). In Japanese men with type 2 diabetes mellitus, an inverted J-shaped relationship between daily alcohol consumption and ED was observed, while frequency of alcohol consumption and weekly alcohol consumption were significantly inversely associated with ED.

Microvascular complications and prevalence of urgency incontinence in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The dogo study.

AIMS: Diabetes was significantly positively associated with urgency incontinence in several epidemiological studies. We examine the association between diabetic neuropathy, which we defined based on neuropathic symptoms, the absence of the Achilles reflex, and/or abnormal vibration perception, and urgency incontinence among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Study subjects were 742 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 19-70 years, who had undergone blood tests at our institutions. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on the variables under study. Urgency incontinence was defined as present when a subject answered "once a week or more" to the question: "Within one week, how often do you leak urine because you cannot defer the sudden desire to urinate ?". Diabetic neuropathy was diagnosed if the patients showed two or more of the following three characteristics: neuropathic symptoms, the absence of the Achilles reflex, and/or abnormal vibration perception. Adjustment was made for sex, age, body mass index, duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus, current smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, glycated hemoglobin, stroke, coronary artery disease, insulin therapy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic neuropathy. RESULTS: The prevalence of urgency incontinence was 8.6%. Diabetic neuropathy was independently positively associated with urgency incontinence: the adjusted OR was 2.20 (95%CI: 1.16-4.36). Associations between diabetic retinopathy or nephropathy and the prevalence of urgency incontinence were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: In Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, only diabetic neuropathy was independently positively associated with urgency incontinence. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:1024-1027, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Significance of exercise in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in men: a community-based large cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease that could progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver failure. We aimed to assess the relationship between NAFLD and lifestyle habits. METHODS: Using a community-based, cross-sectional design, the records of 11,094 Japanese subjects who had undergone at least 1 annual health checkup were reviewed. RESULTS: Of the 6,370 subjects who qualified for enrolment, 1,346 met the diagnostic criteria for NAFLD. The prevalence rate (PR) of NAFLD increased significantly to 36.6, 41.5, and 41.1 % with no snacking, snacking less than once/day, and snacking ≥2 times/day, respectively, in men (P = 0.0495) and to 10.8, 11.7, and 15.3 %, respectively, in women (P = 0.002). In men, the NAFLD PR decreased significantly to 48.8, 36.9, and 29.9 % with no exercise, exercise consciousness, and periodical exercise, respectively (P < 0.001). In women, the NAFLD PR decreased significantly to 19.3, 13.5, 11, and 8 % with sleep durations of ≤4, 5-6, 7-8, and ≥9 h, respectively (P = 0.003). Periodical exercise was identified as an independent factor associated with NAFLD in men (odds ratio 0.707, 95 % confidence interval 0.546-0.914; P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Performing regular exercise was associated with a reduced risk for NAFLD in men. Men with a high risk for NAFLD can be identified using questionnaires on exercise in an outpatient setting. Disease progression and further complications may be prevented by educating high-risk NAFLD patients about the importance of exercise.

Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for the onset of impaired fasting glucose in men with a high plasma glucose level: a community-based study.

BACKGROUND: It is not clear whether elevated uric acid is a risk factor for the onset of impaired fasting glucose after stratifying by baseline fasting plasma glucose levels. We conducted a community-based retrospective longitudinal cohort study to clarify the relationship between uric acid levels and the onset of impaired fasting glucose, according to baseline fasting plasma glucose levels. METHODS: We enrolled 6,403 persons (3,194 men and 3,209 women), each of whom was 18-80 years old and had > 2 annual check-ups during 2003-2010. After excluding persons who had fasting plasma glucose levels ≥ 6.11 mM and/or were currently taking anti-diabetic agents, the remaining 5,924 subjects were classified into quartiles according to baseline fasting plasma glucose levels. The onset of impaired fasting glucose was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥ 6.11 mM during the observation period. RESULTS: In the quartile groups, 0.9%, 2.1%, 3.4%, and 20.2% of the men developed impaired fasting glucose, respectively, and 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 5.6% of the women developed impaired fasting glucose, respectively (P trend <0.001). After adjusting for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, triacylglycerols, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, creatinine, fatty liver, family history of diabetes, alcohol consumption, and current smoking, uric acid levels were positively associated with onset of impaired fasting glucose in men with highest-quartile fasting plasma glucose levels (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.003; 95% confidence interval, 1.0001-1.005, P = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS: Among men with high fasting plasma glucose, hyperuricemia may be independently associated with an elevated risk of developing impaired fasting glucose.

Association between subclinical hypothyroidism and diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, it is unknown whether common complications of type 2 diabetes, such as diabetic nephropathy, are also present with SCH. Here, we investigated the association between SCH and diabetic nephropathy among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we recruited 414 such patients who had no previous history of thyroid disease. Serum thyroid hormone levels and the urinary albumin:creatinine ratio were measured. SCH was defined as an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level (>4.0 mIU/L), and diabetic nephropathy was defined as urinary albumin/creatinine ratio ≥300 mg/g. The prevalence of SCH was 8.7% (n = 36) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The SCH group had a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia (p = 0.008) and diabetic nephropathy (p = 0.014) than the euthyroid group. Multivariate analysis identified significant positive associations between diabetic nephropathy and SCH (odds ratio [OR], 3.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-10.0; p = 0.034), hypertension (OR, 4.56; 95% CI, 1.69-14.7; p = 0.001), and smoking (OR, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.14-7.91; p = 0.026). SCH may be independently associated with diabetic nephropathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.