RESUMO
Resumen
Introducción: la obesidad y el sobrepeso son factores de riesgo para desencadenar enfermedades crónicas. Los adolescentes obesos son más susceptibles que los no obesos a presentar síntomas de ansiedad, disminución del rendimiento escolar, aislamiento social, baja autoestima y depresión.
Objetivo: comparar la percepción de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en adolescentes obesos, en no obesos y en los padres de ambos.
Metodología: estudio descriptivo y transversal, en una muestra de 98 adolescentes (de 13 a 18 años), 57 de ellos con obesidad y 41 sin obesidad, además de sus respectivos padres. Se midió peso, talla e índice de masa corporal (IMC) y se utilizó el cuestionario The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL" 4.0). Se hizo el análisis estadístico con U de Mann-Whitney y r de Pearson para IMC y CVRS.
Resultados: en la dimensión física y psicosocial los adolescentes no obesos y sus padres tuvieron una mejor percepción que los adolescentes obesos y sus padres. En el grupo de adolescentes obesos existió correlación significativa entre el IMC y la función escolar (r = 0.310 y p = 0.049).
Conclusión: en términos de percepción global de la CVRS, hubo diferencias en la percepción entre los grupos. La mejor percepción se presentó en el grupo de adolescentes no obesos y sus padres.
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity and overweight are risk factors that may lead to the development of chronic diseases; obese adolescents are more susceptible than non-obese to present symptoms of anxiety, decreased school performance, social isolation, low self-esteem and depression.
Objective: To compare the perception of quality of life related to health (HRQOL) in obese and non-obese adolescents and their parents.
Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study, in a sample of 98 adolescents (13-18 years of age), 57 of them with obesity and 41 without obesity, as well as their parents. Weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were measured and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory questionnaire (PedsQL" 4.0) was used. The analysis was made with Mann-Whitney U and Pearson's r tests for BMI and HRQoL.
Results: in the physical and psychosocial dimension non-obese adolescents and their parents had better perception than obese adolescents and their parents. In the group of obese adolescents there was a significant correlation between the BMI and the school function (r = 0.310 and p = 0.049).
Conclusion: In terms of global perception of HRQoL, there were differences in perception between the groups. The group of non-obese adolescents and their parents had the best perception.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Doença Crônica , Obesidade , Qualidade de Vida , Sobrepeso , México , HumanosRESUMO
Ifosfamide blood concentrations are necessary to monitor its therapeutic response, avoiding any adverse effect. We developed and validated an analytical method by UPLC-MS/MS to quantify ifosfamide in dried blood spots (DBS). Blood samples were collected on Whatman 903® filter paper cards. Five 3 mm disks were punched out from each dried blood spot. Acetonitrile and ethyl acetate were used for drug extraction. Chromatographic separation was carried out in an Acquity UPLC equipment with a BEH-C18 column, 2.1 x 100 mm, 1.7 µm (Waters®). The mobile phase consisted in 5 mM ammonium formate and methanol:acetonitrile (40:48:12 v/v/v) at 0.2 mL/min. LC-MS/MS detection was done by ESI+ and multiple reaction mode monitoring, ionic transitions were m/z1+ 260.99 > 91.63 for ifosfamide and 261.00 > 139.90 for cyclophosphamide (internal standard). This method was linear within a 100-10000 ng/mL range and it was accurate, precise and selective. Ifosfamide samples in DBS were stable for up to 52 days at -80°C. The procedure was tested in 14 patients, ages 1 month to 17 years (9 males and 5 females), with embryonic tumours treated with ifosfamide, alone or combined, at a public tertiary referral hospital. Ifosfamide blood levels ranged from 11.1 to 39.7 µmol/L at 12 hours after the last infusion, while 24-hour levels ranged from 0.7-19.7 µmol/L. The median at 12 hours was 19.5 µmol/L (Q25 14.4-Q75 29.0) and 3.8 µmol/L (Q25 1.5-Q75 9.9) at 24 hours, p<0.001. This method is feasible to determine ifosfamide plasma levels in paediatric patients.