[Intramedullary lipoma: about a case]. / Lipome intramédullaire: à propos d'une observation.

Intramedullary lipomas are rare benign lesions accounting for approximately 1% of bone marrow cancers. We report a new case of histologically confirmed non-dysraphic intramedullary lipoma. The study involved a 46-year old female patient who had undergone surgical biopsy for medullary lipoma 6 months before and who did not have radiological reports prior to this surgery. She suffered from rachialgias, sensory disorders, difficulties to walk and recently aggravated muscular weakness. Medullary MRI objectified well-defined mass presenting hypersignal on T1 and on T2 measuring 8cm x 2.5cm in the conus terminalis. Magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard for the exploration of intramedullary lipomas. It allows early diagnosis as well as surgical management before the onset of irreversible neurological complications.

[Interest of imaging in tumors benign bone in children]. / Intérêt de l'imagerie dans les tumeurs osseuses bénignes chez l'enfant.

Benign bone tumors are more common than malignant tumors in pediatrics. The exostosis (ostéchondrome) is the most common. The different imaging techniques are pivotal in the study of tumors including its standard radiography. The aim of this work is to highlight the interest in imaging the diagnostic management of bone benign tumors in children through a retrospective study of 169 patients. All patients were investigated by plain radiography, scanner supplement with multiplanar reconstruction before and after injection of PDC and / or MRI 1. 5 Tesla was performed according to the indication. The average age is 6 years with a slight male predominance. Clinically, the swelling is present in 35% of cases. The pain in 29% of cases. The most common location is the metaphyseal long bone on: Femur: 25% of cases, humerus: 17% of cases, Tibia: 21% of cases. Main Benign tumors are found exostosis (20. 12%), bone cyst (31. 95%) and osteoblastoma (16, 57%). The imagery is used to specify the topography and extension of the lesion in the bone provide arguments in favor of benign and sometimes in favor of the cause of the injury. The only standard radiograph often provides a diagnosis of certainty in some cases.

[Osteoid osteoma: about a case]. / L'ostéome ostéoïde: à propos d'un cas.

Osteoid osteoma is a benign primary bone tumor. This tumor is relatively frequent, accounting for 12% of all benign bone tumors and about 2-3% of all bone tumors. We report a new case of osteoid osteoma confirmed histologically. A 30-year old patient was referred for evaluation of chronic ankle pain. Front and lateral radiographs of the ankle showed a heterogeneous lesion located in the neck of the talus without soft tissue abnormalities. The CT scan of the ankle showed a nodular, hypodense lesion located in the neck of the talus with a limited osteosclerotic reaction.

Fabrication of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Nanostructures with Anodic Alumina Oxide Templates, Characterization and Biofilm Development Test for Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Medical devices can be contaminated by microbial biofilm which causes nosocomial infections. One of the strategies for the prevention of such microbial adhesion is to modify the biomaterials by creating micro or nanofeatures on their surface. This study aimed (1) to nanostructure acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), a polymer composing connectors in perfusion devices, using Anodic Alumina Oxide templates, and to control the reproducibility of this process; (2) to characterize the physico-chemical properties of the nanostructured surfaces such as wettability using captive-bubble contact angle measurement technique; (3) to test the impact of nanostructures on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm development. Fabrication of Anodic Alumina Oxide molds was realized by double anodization in oxalic acid. This process was reproducible. The obtained molds present hexagonally arranged 50 nm diameter pores, with a 100 nm interpore distance and a length of 100 nm. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene nanostructures were successfully prepared using a polymer solution and two melt wetting methods. For all methods, the nanopicots were obtained but inside each sample their length was different. One method was selected essentially for industrial purposes and for better reproducibility results. The flat ABS surface presents a slightly hydrophilic character, which remains roughly unchanged after nanostructuration, the increasing apparent wettability observed in that case being explained by roughness effects. Also, the nanostructuration of the polymer surface does not induce any significant effect on Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion.

[Osteosarcoma at a rare location: a case study]. / Osteosarcome a localisation rare. a propos d'un cas.

Bone sarcomas are uncommon tumors (3 to 5% of all bone tumors), they are even more rare after an irradiation 0.5 at 2%. Mandibular location is barely described in the literature; it mainly affects adults in their thirties. We report the case of a 43 years old man with a painful right cheek mass evolving 7 years after the end of treatment for undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Medical imaging has enabled us to situate the lesion, guide us towards an etiology, and to the staging and to post therapeutic monitoring. Mandibular bone osteosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor in Morocco.

Les sarcomes osseux sont des tumeurs peu fréquentes (3 à 5 % de l'ensemble des tumeurs osseuses), ils sont encore plus rares après une irradiation 0.5 à 2 %. La localisation mandibulaire est peu décrite dans la littérature, elle atteint surtout les sujets d'âge adulte (3éme décennie). Nous rapportons le cas d'un sujet de 43 ans présentant une masse jugale droite douloureuse d'évolution progressive apparue 7ans après la fin de son traitement pour carcinome indifférencié du nasopharynx. L'imagerie médicale a permis de situer la lésion, d'orienter vers une étiologie, de faire le bilan d'extension et le suivi post thérapeutique. L'ostéosarcome à localisation mandibulaire reste une tumeur maligne osseuse très rare au Maroc.

Fatal adenovirus infection in a neonate and transmission to health-care workers.

BACKGROUND: Human adenovirus (HAdV) infections, while common in infancy and childhood, occur rarely in the neonatal period but may be fatal. OBJECTIVES: To describe a transmission of HAdV from a patient with fatal pneumonia to heath-care workers that could be considered as a model of respiratory virus transmission in a care unit. STUDY DESIGN: Case report with virologic studies. RESULTS: A 10-day-old neonate developed pneumonia with acute respiratory distress, external pulmonary bleeding and coagulopathy and died 36h after admission of multivisceral failure. An adenovirus was isolated from pulmonary biopsy and detected by PCR in blood and respiratory secretions. Ten days later, three members of medical staff in charge of this infant, who used neither masks nor glasses for close patient contact, developed keratoconjunctivitis. Molecular analysis of the infant's and one of the pediatrician's isolates identified a species D HAdv and showed 100% identity, thereby demonstrating viral transmission. CONCLUSION: In view of the serious outcome, HAdV infections should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia in neonates. This case illustrates the epidemic potential of viruses with respiratory transmission and underlines the importance of complying with standard precautions to prevent viral spread in routine practice.

[Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus in an epidemic situation: screening at admission for patients at risk of carriage]. / Entérocoques résistant aux glycopeptides dans un contexte endémo-épidémique. Stratégie d'isolement àl'admission des patients à risque.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a strategy based on screening and isolation at admission to a department of infectious diseases during an epidemic of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand. METHODS: Systematic screening for VRE by anal swabs began on November 15, 2004. Patients were isolated on admission if (a) they had been hospitalized more than 24 h in an at-risk department of our hospital or (b) they had received a course of wide-spectrum antimicrobial therapy for longer than 48 h in the three months preceding admission. Patients hospitalized in our department were screened weekly if they were treated with wide-spectrum antibiotics, had a urinary catheter left in place for one week, or were neutropenic. RESULTS: Through May 15, 2005, 12 (3.5%) of 341 swabs were found to be positive for VRE: eight were detected on admission and four during hospitalization. In all, 81 patients were isolated on admission. A case-control study confirmed that the criteria for patient isolation were indeed risk factors for VRE. Isolation was well accepted when it was clearly explained. No new case has been detected since March 2005. CONCLUSION: An isolation strategy based on known risk factors for VRE with systematic screening on admission appears to be an effective way to control an outbreak of VRE, perhaps in part because it helps to keep the medical staff alert to this problem. Isolation is well tolerated as long as it is explained clearly.