RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Odontogenic sinusitis (ODS) is a common cause of unilateral sinus disease (USD), but can be challenging to diagnose due to nonspecific clinical presentations, potentially subtle to absent dental pathology on sinus computed tomography (CT), and underrepresentation in the sinusitis literature. OBJECTIVE: Identify sinonasal clinical variables predictive of ODS in patients presenting with unilateral maxillary sinus opacification on sinus CT. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 131 consecutive patients with USD and at least partial or complete maxillary sinus opacification on sinus CT. Patients' demographics, sinonasal symptoms (anterior and posterior drainage, nasal obstruction, facial pressure, smell loss, and foul smell), 22-item sinonasal outcome test, nasal endoscopy findings, CT findings, and histopathology were collected. Patients' diagnoses included ODS, chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps, and inverted papilloma. Demographic and clinical data were compared between patients with unilateral ODS and non-odontogenic disease using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Of the 131 USD patients, 65 had ODS and 66 had non-odontogenic disease. The following variables were significantly associated with unilateral ODS on multivariate analysis: middle meatal pus on endoscopy (OR= 17.67, 95% CI-5.69, 54.87; p = 0.001), foul smell (OR= 6.11, 95% CI-1.64, 22.82; p=.007), facial pressure (OR= 3.55, 95% CI-1.25, 10.12; p = 0.018), and any frontal opacification on CT (OR= 5.19, 95% CI-1.68, 16.06; p = 0.004). Any sphenoid opacification on CT was inversely related to ODS (OR = 0.14, 95% CI-0.03, 0.69; p = 0.016). The study was adequately powered. CONCLUSION: With unilateral maxillary sinus disease, the following features were significantly associated with ODS: foul smell, ipsilateral facial pressure, middle meatal pus on endoscopy, and any frontal sinus opacification on sinus CT. Additionally, any sphenoid sinus opacification on CT was inversely related to ODS. Presence or absence of these clinical variables can be used to increase or decrease one's suspicion of an odontogenic source of sinusitis.
Assuntos
Sinusite Maxilar , Doenças dos Seios Paranasais , Sinusite , Doença Crônica , Endoscopia , Humanos , Seio Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Sinusite Maxilar/diagnóstico , Sinusite Maxilar/epidemiologia , Análise Multivariada , Estudos Prospectivos , Sinusite/diagnóstico , Sinusite/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Unilateral sinus disease (USD) carries a broader differential diagnosis than bilateral sinus disease, including various inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Odontogenic sinusitis (ODS) is a common cause of unilateral maxillary sinusitis, but few studies have examined its incidence among all USD etiologies. The main purposes of this prospective study were to determine the incidences of ODS and other etiologies causing USD with complete maxillary sinus opacification on computed tomography (CT), and to compare CT features of ODS and non-odontogenic USD patients. In addition, clinical features of the ODS cohort are described. METHODS: A prospective case series of 134 patients with USD with complete maxillary sinus opacification on CT was conducted from August 2015 to November 2018. Based on nasal endoscopy, sinus CT, and dental examination and imaging, patients were categorized as having unilateral ODS or non-odontogenic USD. Patients with non-odontogenic USD were categorized as inflammatory or neoplastic. Demographic and clinical data were reported for ODS patients. RESULTS: Of the 134 patients, 45% had ODS, 36% had non-odontogenic inflammatory conditions, 17% had inverted papilloma, and 2% had malignancies. Of the 60 ODS cases, 86.7% were associated with middle meatal purulence on nasal endoscopy. On CT, 88.3% had extramaxillary sinus disease extension, and 65.5% of CT reports made no mention of dental pathology. CONCLUSION: ODS caused nearly 50% of all USD cases with maxillary sinus opacification on CT, and was the most common individual etiology. ODS was frequently associated with anterior ethmoid and frontal sinus disease on CT, and middle meatal purulence on nasal endoscopy.
Assuntos
Seio Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças dos Seios Paranasais/etiologia , Doenças Estomatognáticas/complicações , Endoscopia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Nasais , Doenças dos Seios Paranasais/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças dos Seios Paranasais/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Seios Paranasais/cirurgia , Doenças Estomatognáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Estomatognáticas/epidemiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Prepectoral prosthetic breast reconstruction is gaining popularity, offering muscle preservation and outcomes similar to subpectoral implant placement in small or moderate size breasts. This study compares the complications of prepectoral and subpectoral immediate prosthetic breast reconstructions following skin reduction mastectomy in large and ptotic breasts. METHODS: All consecutive patients who underwent immediate tissue expander-based reconstruction following Wise pattern skin reduction mastectomy from November 2011 through August 2017 by a single surgeon were reviewed. The collected data included patient demographics and complications (eg, skin necrosis, hematoma, infection, seroma, implant loss, capsular contracture). RESULTS: A total of 54 patients underwent 87 immediate breast reconstructions including 45 subpectoral and 42 prepectoral tissue expander placements. The subpectoral patients had greater body mass indexes (32.5 ± 6.6 versus 29.9 ± 5.4, P = 0.026), higher initial (518 ± 168 ml versus 288 ± 140 ml, P < 0.001) and final (694 ± 123 ml versus 585 ± 122 ml, P = 0.014) implant volumes, more skin flap necrosis (40.0% versus 16.7%, P = 0.044) and infections (37.8% versus 11.9%, P = 0.01) than their prepectoral counterparts, whereas seromas were more common in the prepectoral group (4.4% versus 26.2%, P = 0.015). The overall complication rate, although higher in the subpectoral group compared with the prepectoral group, was not significantly different (62.2% versus 40.5%, P = 0.072). CONCLUSIONS: Prepectoral tissue expander placement after skin reduction mastectomy is an appealing reconstructive option in patients with large and ptotic breasts. Prosthetic reconstruction following Wise-pattern skin reduction mastectomy is invariably associated with high complication rates irrespective of the plane of implant placement. Greater emphasis should be placed on patient counseling and complication prevention in this challenging patient population.
RESUMO
The objective of this case-control study was to assess the impact of dysphonia on quality of life and to report the perceptual and acoustic findings in patients with chronic renal failure. A total of 22 patients with chronic renal failure and 18 healthy controls were recruited. Patients were asked to complete the Voice Handicap Index (VHI)-10 to assess the impact of dysphonia on quality of life. Perceptual evaluation of patients' voice recordings using the GRBAS classification was performed. Acoustic analysis was also conducted. Fundamental frequency, habitual pitch, shimmer, relative average perturbation, harmonic-to-noise ratio, voice turbulence index, and the maximum phonation time were reported. The mean scores of the VHI-10 were within normative values, with no significant difference between groups. There was also no significant difference in any of the acoustic parameters or in the mean score of any of the perceptual parameters between patients and controls. We conclude that patients with renal failure do not have dysphonia with a significant impact on quality of life, as evident by the normative values of the VHI-10. There were neither perceptual nor acoustic differences between patients and controls.
Assuntos
Disfonia/epidemiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Qualidade da Voz , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Disfonia/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Laringoscopia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Distúrbios da Voz/epidemiologia , Distúrbios da Voz/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Fat grafting may be beneficial in prosthetic reconstruction of irradiated tissues, but there is a paucity of data on the complication rates associated with this clinical scenario. METHODS: All consecutive patients who had undergone fat grafting and prosthetic reconstruction from 2010 to 2013 were enrolled. Variables obtained related to fat grafting and history of irradiation. Implant-related complications in relation to irradiation status were also noted. RESULTS: Eighty-five patients (age 49 ± 10 years) underwent 117 fat grafting procedures. The mean follow-up was 2.6 ± 0.7 years. Fat grafting was predominantly performed to correct soft-tissue deficiency [112 of 117 (95.7 percent)] or to alter skin after irradiation [five of 117 (4.3 percent)]. Thirty-two procedures (27.4 percent) were associated with a complication, with the most common being palpable fat necrosis (23.1 percent). Volume of transferred fat averaged 151.2 ± 76.6 ml per breast. Fat grafting complications did not depend on donor site, technique of fat processing, volume of transferred fat, number of procedures, or irradiation. Implant-related complications were observed after 26 of 117 overall procedures (22.2 percent). No association between implant-related complications and irradiation was observed (OR, 1.3; 95 percent CI, 0.4 to 4.1; p = 0.63). Overall complications following fat grafting in nonirradiated [37 of 82 (45.1 percent)] and irradiated [16 of 35 (45.7 percent)] breasts were not statistically different (OR, 1.02; 95 percent CI, 0.41 to 2.57; p = 0.96). CONCLUSION: Similar outcomes of irradiated and nonirradiated prosthetic breast reconstruction can be achieved with additional fat grafting. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, III.
Assuntos
Implante Mamário/métodos , Neoplasias da Mama/radioterapia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/radioterapia , Carcinoma Intraductal não Infiltrante/radioterapia , Carcinoma Lobular/radioterapia , Tumor Filoide/radioterapia , Gordura Subcutânea/transplante , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma Intraductal não Infiltrante/cirurgia , Carcinoma Lobular/cirurgia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Mastectomia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tumor Filoide/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The Mascagni lymphatic pathway comprises superficial channels along the clavicle that drain upper extremity lymph. A 65 year-old woman with recurrent left breast cancer presented with a non-functioning chemotherapy port in the right deltopectoral groove. She had undergone right mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). After port removal and wound closure she developed right upper extremity lymphedema. Patients who have undergone ALND may depend solely on this pathway for upper extremity lymphatic drainage. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: level V.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Excisão de Linfonodo/efeitos adversos , Linfedema/etiologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Dispositivos de Acesso Vascular/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Axila , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Falha de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Sistema Linfático/anatomia & histologia , Sistema Linfático/cirurgia , Extremidade SuperiorRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To examine the frequency and severity of laryngopharyngeal symptoms in asthmatic patients. The role of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease as a co-morbid disease to asthma has not been previously reported. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Seventy-two subjects, 36 asthmatics and 36 controls were included in this study. Demographic data included age, gender, status of asthma, use of steroid inhalers, smoking and history of allergy. Pulmonary function test was reported in 13 subjects. The evaluation consisted of filling the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) described by Belafsky et al. The total score, frequency and average score of each laryngopharyngeal symptom was computed in both groups. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 46.61 ± 17.59 years with a female to male ratio of 2.3:1. Twenty patients were using steroid inhalers. Close to one third were smokers (30.6%) and 55.6% had allergic rhinitis. Thirty-six percent had controlled asthma vs 64% were uncontrolled. The mean of the total RSI was significantly higher in patients compared with controls (12.03 ± 8.3 vs 6.64 ± 6.08, P value < 0.05). In the asthmatic group, 15 subjects had a positive RSI compared with only 4 in the control group (P value of 0.003). There was a significant difference in the prevalence and means of four laryngopharyngeal symptoms in patients vs controls. CONCLUSION: Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease is more prevalent and more severe in patients with asthma vs controls.
Assuntos
Asma/complicações , Asma/fisiopatologia , Refluxo Laringofaríngeo/complicações , Refluxo Laringofaríngeo/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endosaccular coil embolization and parent artery occlusion (PAO) are established endovascular techniques for treatment of cavernous carotid aneurysms. We performed a systematic review of published series on endovascular treatment of cavernous carotid aneurysms to determine outcomes and complications associated with endovascular coiling and PAO of cavernous carotid artery aneurysms. METHODS: In September 2013, we conducted a computerized search of MEDLINE and EMBASE for reports on endovascular treatment of intracranial cavernous carotid aneurysms from January 1990 to August 2013. Comparisons were made in periprocedural complications and outcomes between coiling and PAO patients who did not receive bypass. Event rates were pooled across studies using random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: 20 studies with 509 patients and 515 aneurysms were included in this systematic review. Aneurysm occlusion rates at >3 months after operation were significantly higher in the PAO without bypass group (93.0%, 95% CI 86.0 to 97.0) compared with the coiling group (67.0%, 95% CI 55.0 to 77.0) (p<0.01). Retreatment rates were significantly lower in the PAO without bypass group (6.0%, 95% CI 2.0 to 12.0) compared with the coiling group (18.0%, 95% CI 12.0 to 26.0) (p=0.01). Coiling patients had a similar morbidity rate (3.0%, 95% CI 2.0 to 6.0) compared with PAO without bypass patients (7.0%, 95% CI 3.0 to 12.0) (p=0.13). Coiling patients had a similar mortality rate (0.0%, 95% CI 0.0 to 6.0) compared with PAO without bypass patients (4.0%, 95% CI 1.0 to 9.0) (p=0.68). CONCLUSIONS: Evidence from non-comparative studies suggests that traditional endovascular options are highly effective in treating cavernous sinus aneurysms. PAO is associated with a higher rate of complete occlusion. Periprocedural morbidity and mortality rates are not negligible, especially in patients receiving PAO.
Assuntos
Oclusão com Balão/métodos , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/terapia , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/terapia , Oclusão com Balão/mortalidade , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/mortalidade , Embolização Terapêutica/mortalidade , Procedimentos Endovasculares/mortalidade , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/diagnóstico , Aneurisma Intracraniano/mortalidade , Mortalidade/tendências , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Sulfatos de Condroitina , Colágeno , Traumatismos Faciais/cirurgia , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/cirurgia , Nariz/lesões , Rinoplastia/métodos , Pele Artificial , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/cirurgia , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodos , Ferimentos por Arma de Fogo/cirurgia , Cartilagem/transplante , Estética , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , ReoperaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been advocated for very elderly patients with aortic stenosis, and prior cardiac surgery as a less invasive treatment option. Although surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) is safe and effective in selected elderly patients, the perioperative and mid-term outcomes of AVR in very elderly with prior cardiac surgery are unknown. METHODS: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Database at our center enrolled 3,735 patients after AVR since 1997. In this time interval, we identified 61 patients 80 years and older who underwent AVR for severe AS or failed aortic bioprosthesis after having prior cardiac surgery. All clinical parameters were derived from the STS database. Follow-up mortality was assessed using the Social Security Death Index. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 83 ± 2 years, 77% were male, and 75% underwent an isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) as their first cardiac procedure. The mean ejection fraction was 0.53 ± 0.13. The CABG was performed concurrently in 49% of patients at the time of redo sternotomy and AVR. Stented bioprosthesis was implanted in 61% of patients and stentless in 39%. Perioperative mortality was 1.6% (1 of 61). One, 3, 5, and 7 year survival rates were 85%, 69%, 63%, and 43%, respectively. Patients with AVR only had similar survival to patients who underwent concomitant AVR and CABG. Type of aortic prosthesis did not influence postoperative survival. CONCLUSIONS: In selected patients over the age of 80 with history of prior cardiac surgery, AVR can be performed safely with very good mid-term outcomes. Age alone should not be exclusion criteria for surgical AVR in octogenarians with prior cardiac surgery.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Ponte de Artéria Coronária , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca , Fatores Etários , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of weight loss on voice. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. SUBJECTS: A total of 15 subjects undergoing bariatric surgery were investigated. Six subjects were lost to follow-up, and nine subjects were evaluated preoperatively and 3-6 months postoperatively. The evaluation included a questionnaire on voice quality filled by the patient, laryngeal examination, perceptual evaluation, and acoustic analysis. The questionnaire consisted of four questions: change in vocal pitch, change in vocal loudness, increase or decrease in phonatory effort, and the presence or absence of vocal fatigue. For the perceptual evaluation, a simplified version of the Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain scale classification was used. These parameters were rated using a score ranging from zero to three where zero stands for none and three for severe. For the acoustic analysis, the following variables were measured: fundamental frequency, habitual pitch, jitter, shimmer, noise-to-harmonics ratio, voice turbulence index, and maximum phonation time. RESULTS: The mean age was 35.56 ± 9.93 years. The mean weight preoperatively and postoperatively was 112.17 and 83.61 kg, respectively. The body mass index dropped by eight points from 38.06 to 30.83. Only three of the nine patients have reported change in voice quality. The latter was described as an increase in vocal pitch in the three cases, reduced loudness and increased phonatory effort in two, and the presence of vocal fatigue in one. There was no significant difference in the mean score of any of the perceptual parameters in patients preoperatively versus postoperatively. There was also no significant difference in any of the acoustic parameters or in the laryngeal findings before and after surgery. CONCLUSION: One-third of the patients with weight loss reported change in voice quality that was not documented acoustically. The laryngeal examination is nonrevealing.