Potencialidades de um website para um centro de atenção psicossocial infantojuvenil / Potentials of a website for a child and youth psychosocial care center / Potencialidades de un sitio web para un centro de atención psicosocial para niños y adolescentes

Objetivo: evidenciar, a partir do feedback dos usuários, familiares, coordenadores e profissionais do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto Juvenil (CAPSi), a potencialidade do e-Mental Health na promoção do acesso através de um website.Método: pesquisa com abordagem metodológica qualitativa através de um estudo exploratório, do tipo pesquisa-ação utilizando o Knowledge Translation e a Metodologia da Dinâmica do Espelhamento Digital. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os meses de agosto e setembro de 2018 no CAPSi da cidade de Pelotas, RS, Brasil. Resultados: o website iCanguru demonstrou ser capaz de melhorar o acesso, atuar na prevenção e promoção em saúde mental infanto-juvenil, aproximar a população rural e dar suporte cidades desassistidas. Conclusão: o website iCanguru pode ser uma excelente estratégia para superar algumas das barreiras de acesso e ser uma porta de entrada para o CAPSi. Descritores: e-Saúde; Serviços comunitários de saúde mental; Intervenção baseada em internet; Acesso a tecnologias em saúde; Avaliação das tecnologias de Saúde. (AU)

Objective: To demonstrate, based on the feedback from users, family members, coordinators, and professionals of the Center for Psychosocial Care for Children and Youths, the potential of e-Mental Health in promoting access through a website. Methods: Qualitative research approach through an exploratory study - action research, using Knowledge Translation and the Methodology of Digital Mirroring Dynamic. Data collection occurred between August and September 2018 at Center for Psychosocial Care for Children and Youths in the city of Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Results: The iCanguru website demonstrated to be able to improve access, prevention, and mental health promotion for children and youths, approaching the rural population and unsupported cities. Conclusion: The iCanguru website can be an excellent strategy to overcome some of the barriers to access and be a gateway to Center for Psychosocial Care for Children and Youths. (AU)

Objetivo: Destacar, a partir de la retroalimentación de los usuarios, familias, coordinadores y profesionales del Centro de Atención Psicosocial a la Infancia y la Adolescencia, el potencial de la e-Salud Mental para promover el acceso a través de un sitio web. Métodos: Investigación con enfoque metodológico cualitativo a través de un estudio exploratorio, del tipo de investigación acción utilizando la Traducción del Conocimiento y la Metodología de la Dinámica del Mirroring Digital. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo entre agosto y septiembre de 2018 en Centro de Atención Psicosocial a la Infancia y la Adolescencia en la ciudad de Pelotas, RS, Brasil. Resultados: El sitio web iCanguru demostró ser capaz de mejorar el acceso, actuar en la prevención y promoción de la salud mental de niños y adolescentes, acercar a la población rural y apoyar a las ciudades no asistidas. Conclusión: El sitio web de iCanguru puede ser una excelente estrategia para superar algunas de las barreras de acceso y ser una puerta de entrada a Centro de Atención Psicosocial a la Infancia y la Adolescencia. (AU)

Moral identity and palliative sedation: A systematic review of normative nursing literature.

BACKGROUND: In the last two decades, nursing authors have published ethical analyses of palliative sedation-an end-of-life care practice that also receives significant attention in the broader medical and bioethics literature. This nursing literature is important, because it contributes to disciplinary understandings about nursing values and responsibilities in end-of-life care. RESEARCH AIM: The purpose of this project is to review existing nursing ethics literature about palliative sedation, and to analyze how nurses' moral identities are portrayed within this literature. RESEARCH DESIGN: We reviewed discussion papers, written by nurses about the ethics of palliative sedation, which were cited in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Nursing and Allied Health, or Philosopher's Index (search date March 2018). Twenty-one papers met selection criteria. We performed a comprehensive review and analysis (using the Qualitative Analysis Guide of Leuven), of the values, responsibilities, and relationships reflected in authors' portrayal of the nursing role. FINDINGS: Two different tones are apparent in the extant nursing ethics literature. One is educational, while the other is critically reflective. Irrespective of tone, all authors agree on the alleviation of suffering as a fundamental nursing responsibility. However, they differ in their analysis of this responsibility in relation to other values in end-of-life care, including those that depend on consciousness. Finally, authors emphasize the importance of subjective and experience-based understandings of palliative sedation, which they argue as depending on nurses' proximity to patients and families in end-of-life care. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Based on our findings, we develop three recommendations for future writing by nurses about palliative sedation. These relate to the responsibility of recognizing how consciousness might matter in (some) peoples' moral experiences of death and dying, to the importance of moral reflectiveness in nursing practice, and to the value of a relational approach in conceptualizing the nursing ethics of palliative sedation.

Inappropriateness of health care in Canada: a systematic review protocol.

BACKGROUND: There is increasing recognition in Canada and globally that a substantial proportion of health care delivered is inappropriate as evidenced by (1) harmful and/or ineffective practices being overused, (2) effective clinical practices being underused, and (3) other clinical practices being misused. Inappropriate health care leads to negative patient experiences, poor health outcomes, and inefficient use of scarce health care resources. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of inappropriate health care in Canada. Our specific objectives are to (1) systematically search and critically review published and grey literature for studies on inappropriate health care in Canada; (2) estimate the nature and magnitude of inappropriate health care in Canada and its provincial and territorial jurisdictions. METHODS: We will include all quantitative study designs reporting objective or subjective measurements of inappropriate health care in Canada over the last 10 years. We will search the following online databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EconLit, and ISI-Web of Knowledge, which contains Web of Science Core Collection-Citation Indexes, Science Citation Index Expanded, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, and Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Social Science & Humanities. We will also search grey literature sources to identify provincial and national audits of inappropriate health care. Two authors will independently screen, assess data quality, and extract data for synthesis. Study findings will be synthesized narratively. We will organize our data into three care categorizations: preventive care, acute care, and chronic care. We will provide a compendium of inappropriate health care for each care category for Canada and each Canadian province and territory, where sufficient data exists, by calculating (1) overall medians of underuse, overuse, and misuse of clinical practices and (2) the range of medians of underuse, overuse, and misuse for each clinical practice investigated. DISCUSSION: This review will result in the first-ever evidence-based compendium of inappropriate health care in Canada. We will also develop detailed reports of inappropriate health care for each Canadian province and territory. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42018093495.

Profiling frequent presenters to the emergency department for mental health complaints: socio-demographic, clinical, and service use characteristics.

BACKGROUND: A small subset of individuals makes a disproportionate number of ED visits for mental health complaints. STUDY OBJECTIVES: To explore the population profile and associated socio-demographic, clinical, and service use factors of individuals who make frequent visits (5+ annually) to hospital EDs for mental health complaints. METHODS: Case-control study using electronic health record data. RESULTS: Frequent presenters represented 3% of mental health ED patients and accounted for 18% of visits. Several factors were significantly associated with frequent ED use, including limited social support, documented personality disorder/traits, regular antipsychotic use, self-reported alcohol use, and having multiple referral sources.

Emergency department visits for symptoms experienced by oncology patients: a systematic review.

PURPOSE: The aim of this review was to explore the range and prevalence of cancer treatment or disease-related symptoms in the emergency department and their associated outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review examined studies cited in Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL published from 1980 to July 2011. Eligible studies measured emergency department visits for symptom assessment in adult oncology patients. Two reviewers independently screened citations and double data extraction was used. Descriptive analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Of 1,298 citations, six prospective and 12 retrospective descriptive studies were included. Of these, eight focused on multiple symptoms and 10 targeted specific symptoms. The studies were published between 1995 and 2011, conducted in seven countries, and had a median sample size of 143 (range 9-27,644). Of the 28 symptoms reported, the most common were febrile neutropenia, infection, pain, fever, and dyspnea. Definitions provided for individual symptoms were inconsistent. Of 16 studies reporting admission rates, emergency visits resulted in hospital admissions 58 % (median) of the time in multi-symptom studies (range 31 % to 100 %) and 100 % (median) of the time in targeted symptoms studies (range 39 % to 100 %). Of 11 studies reporting mortality rates, 13 % (median) of emergency visits captured in multi-symptom studies (range 1 % to 56 %) and 20 % (median) of visits in targeted symptoms studies (range 4 % to 67 %) resulted in death. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with cancer present to emergency departments with a myriad of symptoms. Over half of emergency department visits resulted in hospital admissions. Few symptoms were defined adequately to compare data across studies, thereby revealing an important gap in cancer symptom reporting.

Depressive symptoms before and after elective hysterectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with depressive symptoms before and after surgery in women who undergo elective hysterectomy. DESIGN: A secondary analysis of longitudinal data from a prospective cohort study designed to understand chronic postsurgical pain in women. SETTING: One acute care hospital in southeastern, Ontario, over a 4-year period (2006-2010). PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred eighty-four (384) English-speaking women, age 18 years or older, who presented for elective hysterectomies. METHODS: Data were gathered preoperatively in the same-day admission center and six months postoperatively using validated web-based or mailed questionnaires. RESULTS: Thirty six percent (36%) of participants reported depressive symptoms before surgery, 22% reported symptoms afterwards, 15% reported symptoms at both time points, and 6% developed new onset depressive symptoms postoperatively. Younger (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI], [1.7, 5.0]) women, those with higher levels of anxiety (state: OR = 8.6, 95% CI [5.2, 14.0]), or who experienced pain that interfered with their daily functioning (OR = 2.8, 95% CI [1.7, 4.7]) were more likely to report depressive symptoms prior to hysterectomy. Preoperative pain (OR = 2.0, 95% CI [1.1, 3.6]), trait anxiety (OR = 2.4, 95% CI [1.2, 4.6]), and depressive symptoms (OR = 3.9, 95% CI [2.1, 7.5]) increased the risk of depressive symptoms 6 months postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Young women who exhibit high levels of anxiety and pain and who require a hysterectomy are at risk of experiencing psychological distress prior to and following their surgery.