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1.
Phytother Res ; 27(2): 179-85, 2013 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22511564

RESUMO

This work reports the chemical composition of the essential oil of Lippia sidoides (EOLS) and evaluation of the topical effect of EOLS and thymol against different irritant agents in vivo. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis identified the main constituents: thymol (84.9%) and p-cymene (5.33%). The antiinflammatory activity was evaluated using the mouse models of acute ear inflammation induced by croton oil, arachidonic acid, phenol or histamine, and chronic inflammation induced by croton oil. The topical application of EOLS or thymol at a dose of 2 mg/ear significantly reduced (p < 0.001) ear edema induced with arachidonic acid by 45.1% and 47.4% and reduced ear edema induced with phenol by 33.2% (p < 0.05) and 54.7% (p < 0.01) in acute ear edema. However, a proinflammatory effect of EOLS and thymol was evidenced when it was applied for more than 1 day. There were no statistical differences in antiedematogenic activity between EOLS and thymol. In conclusion, the results indicate that thymol is the constituent responsible for the topical antiinflammatory activity of EOLS. Thus, these findings could justify the popular use of L. sidoides by alternative medicine, but chronic use has an inflammatory effect.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Lippia/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Administração Cutânea , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Masculino , Camundongos , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Óleos de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Timol/isolamento & purificação , Timol/farmacologia
2.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 22(1): 69-75, Jan.-Feb. 2012. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-607591

RESUMO

The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the fresh and dried leaves of Lippia gracillis Schauer, Verbenaceae, was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC⁄MS). The yield of essential oil extracted from the dried leaves was significantly higher (p<0.05) when compared to the fresh leaves. Seventeen components were identified. The monoterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons with 96.26 percent (w/w) of the total oil obtained of fresh leaves and 86.99 percent (w/w) of the total oil obtained of dried leaves were the principal compound groups. Thymol was observed dominant (44.42 percent; 21.3 percent), followed by carvacrol (22.21 percent; 21.30 percent), p-cymene (6.23 percent; 8.58 percent), α-pinene (5.65 percent; 19.42 percent), β-caryophyllene (5.61 percent; 3.57 percent) and other minor constitutes, respectively. Microbiological results obtained by agar diffusion method, micro dilution method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed that the essential oil has a relevant antimicrobial activity against E. coli (ATCC 10536), E. coli (Ec 27), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), S. aureus (ATCC 12692) and S. aureus (Sa 358), with their inhibition zones ranging from 9 to 13 mm and the MIC ranging from 64 to 512 μg/mL.

3.
Fitoterapia ; 83(3): 508-12, 2012 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22245085

RESUMO

Lippia sidoides Cham. (Verbenaceae) is used in the folk medicine as topical antiseptic in skin and mucous membranes and its therapeutic effect is attributed to the thymol presence. The objective of this work was to verify the chemical composition and antibiotic modifying activity of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of L. sidoides and its major component thymol. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS. The synergistic activity was evaluated using gaseous contact method. The essential oil was obtained (yield of 1.06%) and the GC/MS analysis identified the main constituents: thymol (84.9%) and p-cymene (5.33%). The antibiotic modifying activity was verified using the minimal inhibitory dose method and gaseous contact. It verified the interference of essential oil and thymol against all tested aminoglycosides. There were no statistical differences between the activity of the essential oil and thymol against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, indicating this to be the responsible composition for such activity. However, the oil was shown more effective when compared to the thymol against Staphylococcus aureus. The essential oil of L. sidoides and its major component thymol influence the activity of aminoglycosides and may be used as adjuvant in antibiotic therapy against respiratory tract bacterial pathogens.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Lippia/química , Monoterpenos/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Timol/farmacologia , Aminoglicosídeos/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Cimenos , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Monoterpenos/análise , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/metabolismo , Doenças Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Respiratórias/microbiologia , Timol/análise
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