Diesel exhaust exposure and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed at carrying out a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies on the association between occupational and non-occupational exposures to diesel exhaust and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of the literature and identified 16 cohort studies and 7 case-control studies that analyzed non-Hodgkin lymphoma alone or combined with Hodgkin lymphoma or multiple myeloma, from which we extracted 29 independent risk estimates. We performed random-effects meta-analyses for ever-exposure to diesel exhaust, overall and after stratification for outcome and study design. RESULTS: The meta-relative risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma was 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.93-1.01; P -heterogeneity = 0.43). The meta-relative risk of results of cohort studies was 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.01) that of case-control studies was 1.00 (95% confidence interval, 0.84-1.17). Similar results were obtained when the meta-analysis was restricted to studies that analyzed only non-Hodgkin lymphoma. There was no indication of publication bias. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis provided no overall evidence of an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in subjects exposed to diesel exhausted.

Lymphocytes DNA damages and exposure to chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, penconazole, copper oxicloride.

PURPOSE: The evaluation of the association between different exposure to pesticides and different types of comet images among a group of 26 recruited subject. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have recruited 26 subjects (farmers and not farmers). They were submitted to a blood drawing of 10 mL and a questionnaire was administered to investigate personal habits and work history. By means of the comet assay it was assessed the oxidative DNA damage of peripheral lymphocytes by pesticides in the exposed and non-exposed workers. RESULT: The data measured by means of the comet were log transformed and the associations (odds ratios - ORs) with the single pesticides were calculated. The regression analysis shows a significant dose effects relationships between the Intensity Score of pesticides exposures tail moment (TM) and other measured parameters. Insecticides TM OR = 17.00 [1.47 - 196.41]. This relationship is independent from the smoking habits. CONCLUSIONS: TM values higher than the 75° percentile were significantly associated with the exposure to particular insecticides such as chlorpyriphos, deltamethrin and with other pesticides (near the statistical significance).

Estimates of the Lung Cancer Cases Attributable to Radon in Municipalities of Two Apulia Provinces (Italy) and Assessment of Main Exposure Determinants.

Indoor radon exposure is responsible for increased incidence of lung cancer in communities. Building construction characteristics, materials, and environmental determinants are associated with increased radon concentration at specific sites. In this study, routine data related to radon measurements available from the Apulia (Italy) Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA) were combined with building and ground characteristics data. An algorithm was created based on the experience of miners and it was able to produce estimates of lung cancer cases attributable to radon in different municipalities with the combined data. In the province of Lecce, the sites with a higher risk of lung cancer are Campi Salentina and Minervino, with 1.18 WLM (working level months) and 1.38 WLM, respectively, corresponding to lung cancer incidence rates of 3.34 and 3.89 per 10 × 10³ inhabitants. The sites in the province of Bari with higher risks of lung cancer are Gravina di Puglia and Locorotondo, measuring 1.89 WLM and 1.22 WLM, respectively, which correspond to an incidence rate of lung cancer of 5.36 and 3.44 per 10 × 10³ inhabitants. The main determinants of radon exposure are whether the buildings were built between 1999 and 2001, were one-room buildings with porous masonry, and were built on soil consisting of pelvis, clayey sand, gravel and conglomerates, calcarenites, and permeable lithotypes.