RESUMO
Background Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), also known as Samter's triad or aspirin (ASA)-intolerant asthma, affects 7% of asthmatics and has a higher prevalence in those with chronic rhinosinusitis and concomitant nasal polyposis. ASA desensitization with daily ASA therapy is a uniquely beneficial treatment for this disease entity and has been shown to have a significant impact on symptom scores, polyp disease, and need for systemic corticosteroids. However, no long-term studies have demonstrated whether or not ASA therapy remains safe and beneficial for these patients beyond 5-10 years. Objective This study was designed to determine the clinical course of AERD patients desensitized between 1995 and 2010. Methods A 20-question survey was distributed to patients who successfully completed ASA desensitization between January 1995 and April 2010. The questions were designed to assess ASA safety and longitudinal effects of ASA therapy in AERD. Results Of the 285 patients contacted, 92 (32%) completed the questionnaire. Average length of follow-up was 15 years. Of survey responders, 35 patients had discontinued ASA therapy. Although adverse reactions occurred, many also discontinued due to lack of efficacy or need for surgery. For those remaining on ASA (62%), significant improvement in sense of smell, asthma, sinus, and allergic rhinitis scores were noted ( P ≤ .001). The majority of ASA patients (68%) had a positive response to treatment and did not require further sinus surgery. However, ASA therapy did not delay the time to next sinus/polyp surgery ( P = .27) or reduce total number of sinus surgeries ( P = .56) compared to those who stopped treatment. Nearly 85% of AERD patients on ASA therapy found it to be helpful in improving airway disease and quality of life. Conclusion Aspirin desensitization followed by daily maintenance ASA therapy appears to be safe and effective even after 10+ years of continuous use.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Aspirina/uso terapêutico , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/terapia , Dessensibilização Imunológica/métodos , Pólipos Nasais/terapia , Rinite/terapia , Sinusite/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pólipos Nasais/epidemiologia , Rinite/epidemiologia , Sinusite/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is characterized by chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, asthma, and reactions to cyclooxygenase-1-inhibiting drugs. This condition is often refractory to standard medical treatments and results in aggressive nasal polyposis that often requires multiple sinus surgeries. Aspirin desensitization followed by daily aspirin therapy is an important treatment option, and its efficacy has been validated in multiple research studies. Aspirin desensitization is not without risk, but specific protocols and recommendations exist to mitigate the risk. Most patients with AERD can undergo aspirin desensitization in an outpatient setting under the supervision of an allergist.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/efeitos adversos , Aspirina/efeitos adversos , Dessensibilização Imunológica , Doenças Respiratórias/etiologia , Doenças Respiratórias/terapia , Dessensibilização Imunológica/efeitos adversos , Dessensibilização Imunológica/métodos , Técnicas de Diagnóstico do Sistema Respiratório , Gerenciamento Clínico , Humanos , Testes de Função Respiratória , Doenças Respiratórias/diagnósticoAssuntos
Alergistas/estatística & dados numéricos , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/imunologia , Aspirina/imunologia , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/terapia , Dessensibilização Imunológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Pólipos Nasais/terapia , Adulto , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/administração & dosagem , Aspirina/administração & dosagem , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/imunologia , Dessensibilização Imunológica/métodos , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Humanos , Pólipos Nasais/imunologia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease is a clinical entity comprising chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, asthma and intolerance to COX-1 inhibiting drugs. The pathogenesis is not completely understood at this point, but abnormal arachidonic acid metabolism is a key feature in this syndrome. The diagnosis is confirmed only by direct drug challenge. Aspirin desensitization followed by daily aspirin therapy is a useful treatment option in these patients. In this review article are discussed the important characteristics and treatment of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.
Assuntos
Aspirina , Asma Induzida por Aspirina , Dessensibilização Imunológica , Pólipos Nasais , Rinite , Sinusite , Animais , Aspirina/efeitos adversos , Aspirina/uso terapêutico , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/diagnóstico , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/imunologia , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/patologia , Asma Induzida por Aspirina/terapia , Humanos , Pólipos Nasais/induzido quimicamente , Pólipos Nasais/imunologia , Pólipos Nasais/patologia , Pólipos Nasais/terapia , Rinite/induzido quimicamente , Rinite/imunologia , Rinite/patologia , Rinite/terapia , Sinusite/induzido quimicamente , Sinusite/imunologia , Sinusite/patologia , Sinusite/terapiaRESUMO
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a clinical condition which results in adverse upper and lower respiratory symptoms, particularly rhinitis, conjunctivitis, bronchospasm, and/or laryngospasm, following exposure to cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibiting drugs, namely aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A provocative aspirin challenge is the gold standard for diagnosis of AERD. Aspirin desensitization and continuous aspirin therapy has been highly efficacious in those patients with suboptimal control of their disease on current available pharmacotherapy or those with other underlying conditions (i.e., cardiovascular disease) who may require frequent treatment with aspirin or NSAIDs. This review article focuses on aspirin desensitization and the management of patients with AERD with a particular emphasis on outcomes in those patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis.