Functional identification of ANR genes in apple (Malus halliana) that reduce saline-alkali stress tolerance.

As one of the major abiotic stresses restricting the development of global agriculture, saline-alkali stress causes osmotic stress, ion poisoning, ROS damage and high pH damage, which seriously restrict sustainable development of fruit industry. Therefore, it is essential to develop and cultivate saline-alkali-resistant apple rootstocks to improve the yield and quality of apples in China. Based on transcriptome data, MhANR (LOC114827797), which is significantly induced by saline-alkali stress, was cloned from Malus halliana. The physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships and cis-acting elements were analysed. Subsequently, the tolerance of MhANR overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana, tobacco, and apple calli to saline-alkali stress was verified through genetic transformation. Transgenic plants contained less Chl a, Chl b and proline, SOD, POD and CAT activity, and higher relative electrical conductivity (REC) compared to WT plants under saline-alkali stress. In addition, expression of saline-alkali stress-related genes in overexpressed apple calli were also lower than in WT calli, including the antioxidant genes (MhSOD and MhCAT^), the Na+ transporter genes (MhCAX5, MhCAX5, MhSOS1, MhALT1), and the H+ -ATPase genes (MhAHA2 and MhAHA8), while expression of the K+ transporter genes (MhSKOR and MhNHX4) were higher. Expression of MhANR reduced tolerance of A. thaliana, tobacco, and apple calli to saline-alkali stress by regulating osmoregulatory substances, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and expression of saline-alkali stress-related genes. This research provides a theoretical basis for cultivating apple rootstocks with effective saline-alkali stress tolerance.

Clinical effectiveness of sodium fluorescein-guided microsurgery in patients with high-grade gliomas.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical effectiveness of sodium fluorescein-guided microsurgery in patients with high-grade gliomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 120 patients with high-grade gliomas who were hospitalized in our Neurosurgery Department from January 2018 to January 2021 were selected and then divided into a control and a study group using the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. To compare the clinical efficacy of patients in both groups, neuronavigation microsurgery was used in the control group and neuronavigation microsurgery combined with sodium fluorescein-guided microsurgery was used in the study group. RESULTS: The Gross Total Resection Rate (GTRR) of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in intraoperative bleeding loss or hospital stay between the two groups, and the study group had a much shorter operation time than the control group. The Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores did not significantly differ between the two groups prior to surgery but declined significantly in the study group compared to the control group following treatment. In terms of adverse effects, there was no significant difference between the two groups. In the control group, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.5 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 9.6 months, whereas in the study group, the median PFS was 9.5 months, and the median OS was 11.5 months. PFS did not significantly differ between the two groups (HR=1.389, 95% CI=0.926-2.085, p=0.079); however, OS was significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (HR=1.758, 95% CI=1.119-2.762, p=0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Fluorescein-guided microsurgery can dramatically improve total resection rate, postoperative neurological functional status, and overall survival with higher efficacy and safety in patients with high-grade gliomas.

[Clinical evaluation of antral septal maxillary sinus floor elevation by the disk-up sinus reamer].

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of disk-up sinus reamer (DSR) in maxillary sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus septum. Methods: Twenty-four patients were included between January 2019 to January 2020 in Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. There were 10 males and 14 females with the age of (39.3±11.7) years old (range 22-56 years). Pre-operative(T0) cone-beam CT (CBCT) was taken for measurement and analysis. All patients were divided into group E (easy situations, septum located anterior to the zygo-matic process), group M (moderate situations, septum located pos-terior to the zygo-matic process) and group D (difficult situations, sagittally oriented septum). The maxillary sinus floor was grafted through the crestal approach by DSR and implants were placed simultaneously. Permanent repair was performed 6-8 months after operation. All patients underwent CBCT before surgery, after surgery immediately (T1), 6 months after surgery(T2), 1 year after surgery(T3), 2 year after surgery(T4). The residual bone height (RBH) and the vertical bone height (VBH) were analyzed. The mucosal perforation rate, implant survival rate were counted. Results: All the 24 patients completed the Maxillary sinus lift surgery successfully and 24 implants were placed simultaneously. All patients had no headache, dizziness. The mucosal perforation rate was 0. The survival rate of implants during the healing period was 100%(24/24). The RBH was (5.81±2.56) mm pre-operation, the VBHT1, VBHT2, VBHT3 and VBHT4 were (11.82±1.09), (10.98±0.52), (10.66±0.44) and (10.40±0.33) mm, respectively. The differences between the groups by pairing test were statistically significant (F=187.70, P0.001), expect VBHT3 and VBHT4 (P=0.071). Bone resorption and remodeling mainly occurred 1 year after surgery. One patient developed peri-implantitis 18 months after surgery. Conclusions: With the RBH of implant site>2 mm and existence of maxillary sinus septum, using DSR for sinus floor elevation has a high success rate. It can obtain enough bone height and complete the simultaneous implantation to form a good osseointegration. The DSR is simple, safe and controllable, and can shorten the operation time.

[Progress in intestinal adaptation after enterectomy].

Intestinal adaptation is a spontaneous compensation of the remanent bowel after extensive enterectomy, which improves the absorption capacity of the remanent bowel to energy, fluid and other nutrients. Intestinal adaptation mainly occurs within 2 years after enterectomy, including morphological changes, hyperfunction and hyperphagia. Intestinal adaptation is the key factor for patients with short bowel syndrome to weaning off parenteral nutrition dependence and mainly influenced by length of remanent bowel, type of surgery and colon continuity. In addition, multiple factors including enteral feeding, glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2), growth hormone, gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate intestinal adaptation via multi-biological pathways, such as proliferation and differentiation of stem cell, apoptosis, angiogenesis, nutrients transport related protein expression, gut endocrine etc. Phase III clinical trials have verified the safety and efficacy of teduglutide (long-acting GLP-2) and somatropin (recombinant human growth hormone) in improving intestinal adaptation, and both have been approved for clinical use. We aim to review the current knowledge about characteristics, mechanism, evaluation methods, key factors, clinical strategies of intestinal adaptation.

[The multi-dimensional molecular characteristics of the indolent pulmonary ground-glass nodules].

With the dramatically increasing detection rate of ground-glass nodules (GGN), exact understanding and treatment strategy of them has become the hottest issue currently. More and more studies have begun to explore the underlying mechanisms of their indolent characteristics and favorable prognosis from the perspectives of molecular evolution and immune microenvironment. GGN has different dominating gene mutations at different evolutional stages. The pure GGN has a lower tumor mutation burden and genomic instability, while a gradually evolutionary feature of genomic mutation along with the pathological progression can be observed. GGN has less infiltration of immune cells, and they are under the pressure of immune surveillance with weakened immune escape. With the increase of solid components, an inhibitory immune microenvironment is gradually established and immune escape is gradually enhanced, leading to rapid tumor growth. Further exploration of the molecular characteristics of GGN will help to more precisely distinguish these highly heterogeneous lesions, which could be helpful to make personalized treatment plans.

[A single-center retrospective analysis of 100 consecutive cases treated with lenalidomide/bortezomib/dexamethasone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma].

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of lenalidomide combined with bortezomib and dexamethasone (RVD) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Methods: A total of 100 consecutive NDMM patients treated with RVD from August 2016 to September 2020 at Peking University People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, including response, drug toxicity, follow-up and survival, and subgroup analysis. Results: The median follow-up time was 19.5 (2.0-57.0) months. For patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after RVD regimen, the objective response rate (ORR)/complete response+stringent complete response (CR+sCR)/≥very good partial response (VGPR) rates were 100%, 73.3% (33/45), 95.6% (43/45) respectively. For 54 patients not receiving transplantation, the ORR/CR+sCR/≥VGPR rates were 79.6% (43/54), 18.5% (10/54), 51.9% (28/54) respectively. As to the survival analysis, 2-year progression free survival (PFS) rates were 84.5% and 70.9% in transplant and non-transplant patients respectively (P=0.102). Two-year overall survival (OS) rates were 100% and 80.8% in transplant and non-transplant patients respectively (P=0.003). The common hematologic adverse events (AEs) were thrombocytopenia (33%) and neutropenia (25%). Abnormal liver function (43%) and peripheral neuropathy (24%) were recognized more as non-hematologic AEs. Conclusion: RVD as front-line regimen has high efficient response rate and acceptable safety in Chinese NDMM patients.

[Association between genetic predisposition to childhood obesity and the risk of adult ischemic heart disease in China].

Objective: To examine the associations of childhood obesity, assessed by genetic variations of childhood body mass index (BMI), with the risk of adult ischemic heart disease (IHD) and major coronary event (MCE). Methods: More than 69 000 participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank were genotyped. After excluding those with coronary heart disease, stroke, or cancer at baseline, a total of 64 454 participants were included in this study. Based on genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), childhood BMI genetic risk score were constructed for every participant and divided into quintiles, with the lowest quintile as the low genetic risk group and the highest quintile as the high genetic risk group. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association between genetic predisposition to childhood obesity and the risk of ischemic heart disease. Results: During a median of 10.7 years of follow-up, 7 073 incident cases of IHD and 1 845 cases of MCE were documented. After adjusting for sex, age, region, and the first ten genetic principal components, the HRs (95%CIs) for IHD and MCE in the high genetic risk group were 1.10 (1.02-1.18) and 1.10 (0.95-1.27), compared with the low genetic risk group. IHD risk increased by 4% (2%-6%) for each one standard deviation increase in genetic risk score (trend P=0.001). After further adjustment for baseline BMI, the differences between genetic risk groups were not statistically significant, but there was still a linear trend between genetic risk score and IHD risk (trend P=0.019). Conclusions: IHD risk increased with genetic predisposition to childhood obesity, suggesting that childhood obesity is an important risk factor for the development of IHD in China. As an easily identifiable feature, changes of childhood BMI should be monitored regularly to realize early intervention of IHD in adults.

[Influencing factors for postoperative survival of patients with pneumoconiosis treated by lung transplantation].

Objective: To explore the influencing factors for postoperative survival of patients with pneumoconiosis (silicosis) after lung transplantation in order to improve their clinical outcomes. Methods: In August 2021, retrospective alalysis from December 2015 to July 2021, 29 patients with end-stage pneumoconiosis underwent lung transplantation at Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University. The survival, postoperative complications, and causes of death were analyzed. Life table and Kaplan-Meier method were used to draw survival curves, the log-rank test was used to compare the influence of each factor on survival rates, and the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the influence of each factor on survival. Results: All the patients underwent successful lung transplantation, with survival rates of 75% at 6 months, 70% at 1 year, 65% at 2 years, 50% at 3 years and 50% at 5 years. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that BMI, age and preoperative albumin level were influencing factors for postoperative survival rates (P<0.05) . The multivariate COX regression model showed that BMI≥18.5 kg/m(2) and the albumin level≥35 g/L were the protective factors (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Aging older, preoperative BMI<18.5 kg/m(2) and hypoalbuminemia are independent risk factors for death after lung transplantation. Survival rates are affected by preoperative BMI index, albumin level and age. Early intervention should be made before lung transplantation to promote the BMI index and albumin level to reach the standard.

[Vincristine inhibits the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by regulating the demethylation of RASSF2A].

Objective: To investigate the effect of vincristine on the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by regulating RASSF2A demethylation. Methods: SKOV3 cells were infected with control (LV-NC) and RASSF2A lentivirus (LV-RASSF2A) and treated with or without vincristine. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the activity of ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3) treated with different doses of vincristine. Colony formation assay was used to detect the proliferation of SKOV3 cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of SKOV3 cells. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to examine the mRNA expression of RASSF2A in IOSE-29 and SKOV3 cells. Western blot was used to examine the protein expression of RASSF2A in IOSE-29 and SKOV3 cells. Methylation-specific PCR was used to detect methylation and demethylation levels of RASSF2A gene in IOSE-29 and SKOV3 cells. Results: The cell viabilities of SKOV3 cell treated with 6.25 nmol/L, 12.5 nmol/L, 25 nmol/L, 50 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L vincristine were (87.19±4.49)%, (73.67±8.62)%, (66.35±6.04)%, (50.32±6.00)% and (34.92±6.11)%, respectively, lower than (100.46±4.69)% of control group (P<0.05). The half maximal inhibitory concentration of vincristine at 48 hours was 50.02 nmol/L. The proliferation abilities of SKOV3 cells in vincristine 12.5 nmol/L group, 25 nmol/L group and 50 nmol/L group were (41.70±2.21)%, (32.15±1.80)% and (23.00±2.01)%, respectively, significantly lower than (100.78±5.66)% in the control group (all P<0.05). The apoptotic rates of SKOV3 cells in vincristine 12.5 nmol/L group, 25 nmol/L group and 50 nmol/L group were (3.65±0.27)%, (5.21±0.76)% and (10.46±1.00)%, respectively, significantly higher than (2.12±0.23)% in the control group (all P<0.05). Compared with the IOSE-29 group (1.00±0.07 and 0.68±0.04), the mRNA expression (0.32±0.04) and protein expression (0.24±0.02) of RASSF2A were down-regulated in SKOV3 cells (P<0.05). Compared with the LV-NC group [(101.60±4.39)%, (100.73±3.29)%, (4.06±0.30)%], over-expression of RASSF2A down-requlated cell viability (68.92±3.94)%, inhibited proliferation (16.38±2.16)%, and promoted apoptosis (8.65±0.56)%, (P<0.05). Conclusion: Vincristine can increase RASSF2A expression and inhibit ovarian cancer cell proliferation by promoting the demethylation of RASSF2A promoter.

[Study on the quality of life and influencing factors of pneumoconiosis in migrant workers].

Objective: To investigate and understand the general situation and quality of life of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis, and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide scientific basis for effective countermeasures to improve the quality of life of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis. Methods: In June 2019, 79 cases of migrant workers' pneumoconiosis diagnosed by Shandong Occupational Disease Hospital from March 2017 to August 2018 were selected as the study object by cluster random sampling method. Questionnaires and on-site visits were used to investigate the quality of life and its influencing factors. The questionnaire was administered by self-designed questionnaire and WHO quality of life questionnaire. Results: The farmer's pneumoconiosis patients are generally lower in culture. High school or above is only 6.33% (5/79) . Their economic income is low. The monthly income of less than 1000 RMB is 49.37% (39/79) . The disease was heavy and pneumoconiosis was 58.23% (46/79) . Pneumoconiosis patients without systematic treatment accounted for 69.62% (55/79) . Only 11.39% of rural workers with pneumoconiosis can timely increase or decrease clothing and wear masks to avoid respiratory irritation. Pneumoconiosis patients who smoked accounted for 77.22% (61/79) . The quality of life of the pneumoconiosis patients in the physiological, psychological, social and environmental fields were (10.40±2.31) , (11.40±2.82) , (11.46±3.03) and (8.38±3.37) respectively. The influencing factors of quality of life were pneumoconiosis stage, education level, economic income and smoking (P< 0.05) . Conclusion: The quality of life of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis is generally low. The main factors that affect the quality of life of patients are disease severity (pneumoconiosis stage) , education level, economic income and smoking.

[Cardiovascular toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors].

With the continuous development of cancer treatment, the immune checkpoint inhibitors have been applied to the treatment of a variety of malignant tumors, which improved the patient's survival time and quality of life. However, immune-related adverse reactions occur inevitably. Like chemotherapeutics and targeted drugs, immunosuppressants can also cause cardiovascular events that affect the mortality of cancer patients. With the extension of the survival time of cancer patients, it will increasingly become a key factor which affects the prognoses of these diseases. This review focuses on the cardiotoxic mechanism, clinical manifestation, and future direction of immune checkpoint inhibitors during cancer treatment.

MiR-9-5p suppresses cell metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through targeting FOXP2 and predicts prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract that occurs in the colon, and the incidence is the third in the gastrointestinal tumor. Recently, the dysregulated expression of microRNA-9 (miR-9) has been identified in many human cancers. However, the special function of miR-9 in the progression of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-9-5p in 72 pairs of CRC tissues and cell lines. The correlation between miR-9-5p expression and clinical features or prognosis of CRC patients was analyzed. In addition, we examined the mRNA and protein expression levels of forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) using Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR. The functions of miR-9-5p and FOXP2 were investigated using transwell assay and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The relation between miR-9-5p and FOXP2 was confirmed by the dual-luciferase assay. RESULTS: In this study, down-regulation of miR-9-5p and up-regulation of the forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) were detected in CRC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, miR-9-5p was found to inhibit cell metastasis and EMT in CRC. In addition, it was confirmed that miR-9-5p directly targeted FOXP2 in CRC. Furthermore, FOXP2 had a carcinogenic effect on CRC. And the overexpression of FOXP2 weakened the suppressive effect of miR-9-5p in CRC. Of note, we observed found that the low expression of miR-9-5p and the high expression of FOXP2 were correlated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-9-5p suppressed cell metastasis and EMT through targeting FOXP2. Furthermore, dysregulation of miR-9-5p predicted the prognosis of CRC patients. Therefore, miR-9-5p may be a biomarker for cell metastasis and a prognostic factor for CRC patients. MiR-9-5p/FOXP2 axis will provide a new breakthrough in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

LncRNA SNHG16 promotes cell proliferation through miR-302a-3p/FGF19 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth common malignancies worldwide and the leading cause of death in Asian and African countries. Aberrant accumulation of lncRNAs is one of major causes of tumorigenesis in HCC. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) is identified as an oncogene in multiple types of tumor. However, the role of SNHG16 in HCC is poor understood. Here, we showed that SNG16 was up-regulated and associated with poor prognosis in HCC. Then, we demonstrated that SNHG16 interacted with miR-302a-3p and depressed its expression. Moreover, our result indicated that SNHG16/miR-302a-3p axis regulated the expression of FGF19 in liver cancer cells. Finally, we investigated the biological function of SNHG16 in HCC and showed that SNHG16 promoted liver cancer cells proliferation via the SNHG16/miR-302a-3p/FGF19 axis. Collectively, these data suggest that SNHG16 might be a predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target of liver cancer.

[Relationship between FGF23/FGFR4 expression in atrial tissue and atrial fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation].

Objective: To observe the expression of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and FGFR4 in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and its relationship with atrial fibrosis. Methods: Fifty-one patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from October 2016 to April 2017 were divided into two groups according to whether they were complicated with atrial fibrillation: 39 patients with persistent AF(AF group), and 12 patients with sinus rhythm (SR group). The right atrial appendage was cut out during cardiac surgery. The expression of FGF23 and FGFR4 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of FGFR4 protein was detected by Western blot. Atrial structure was evaluated by echocardiography. Masson staining was used to evaluate the degree of atrial fibrosis. The expression of FGF23 and FGFR4 was compared between the two groups.Additionally, the relationship between FGF23 and FGFR4 expression and atrial fibrosis was evaluated. Results: AF group had significantly higher right and left atrial diameter than SR group((40.1±1.6 )mm vs (34.1±1.5)mm, (52.4±2.9)mm vs (41.3±2.4)mm, all P<0.05) . There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, ejection fraction between the two groups. The expression of FGF23 and FGFR4 mRNA in AF group were significantly higher than those in SR group (1.93±0.32 vs 0.93±0.14, 1.89±0.17 vs 0.91±0.11, both P<0.05). Compared with the SR group, the protein expression of FGFR4 in the AF group was significantly higher(1.76±0.21 vs 0.84±0.12). In AF group, there was no correlation between FGF23 mRNA and atrial diameter (r=0.274 (left atrial), r=0.238 (right atrium), both P>0.05). Meanwhile, FGFR4 mRNA and protein expression had no correlation with atrial diameter either. There was positive correlation between FGF23 mRNA and atrial collagen volume fraction in AF group (r=0.42, P<0.05). The expression of FGFR4 mRNA and protein were positively correlated with the atrial collagen volume fraction (r=0.573, r=0.478, all P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression of FGF23 and FGFR4 in atrial fibrillation patients is increased, which is positively correlated with atrial fibrosis, suggesting that FGF23/FGFR4 pathway may play an important role in atrial fibrillation by promoting atrial fibrosis.

Value of immunofluorescence-mediated detection of Ig, C1q, C3, and FRA for the identification and diagnosis of atypical membranous nephropathy.

OBJECTIVE: The present study was to investigate the value of immunofluorescence-mediated detection of Ig, C1q, C3, and FRA for the identification and diagnosis of atypical membranous nephropathy (AMN). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-five patients with AMN and 135 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) diagnosed by renal biopsy in our hospital were consecutively selected. The positive expressions of Ig, C1q, C3, and FRA by immunofluorescence were analyzed. RESULTS: We compared the levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, cystatin C, and 24 h urine protein, and the levels of serum IgA, IgG, IgM, and C3. The differences were not significant (p>0.05). Proportionate increases in glomerular spiky projection formations in patients with AMN were observed by light microscopy, without observation of other pathologic changes. By immunofluorescence, AMN patients showed higher positive rates of deposition of IgA, IgM, C1q, and FRA compared with IMN patients. Comparison of the positive rates of deposition of IgG and C3 showed no differences. By electron microscopy, AMN patients showed higher percentages of mesangial cell and mesangial matrix proliferation. Deposition of electron dense granules was mostly found in subepithelium, inside basement membranes, and in the mesangial area. The comparisons between the two groups showed no differences. CONCLUSIONS: Immunofluorescence-mediated detection of Ig, C1q, C3, and FRA have important application value for the identification and diagnosis of AMN.

TRIM59 is a key regulator of growth and migration inrenal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common renal neoplasms and metastatic is common. Previous data have shown that the tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteinswere implicated in human tumoriogenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of TRIM59 in the cell growth and migration in RCC. The expression of TRIM59 in human RCC tissues was initially examined by qRT-PCR. Alentivirus-based shRNA against TRIM59 (Lv-shTRIM59) was constructed. The effects of TRIM59 knockdown on cell proliferation were examined by in vitro MTT assay, colony formation assay and in vivo a mouse xenograft model of RCC. Cell migration and invasion after knockdown of TRIM59 were also examined by transwell assay. Our data showed that the mRNA level of TRIM59 in cancerous tissues was 2-fold increased as compared with non-cancerous tissues. Knockdown of TRIM59 in a RCC cell line 786-O significantly slowed down cell proliferative rate and decreased both the colony number and sizes. In the mouse model, knockdown of TRIM59 consistently inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, it was shown that cell migration and invasion were suppressed by 68% and 50%, respectively in TRIM59-depleted 786-O cells. Our data suggest that TRIM59 may serve as a pro-oncogenic protein in promoting the progression of RCC. Knockdown of TRIM59 may be a promising strategy concerning the early detection and treatment of RCC.

The effect of continuous perfusion of esmolol on cardiovascular risk in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.

We evaluated the effect of continuous perfusion of esmolol on cardiovascular risk during curative laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal cancer in elderly patients. Sixty patients with gastrointestinal cancer, aged from 60 to 80 years, were divided into an esmolol group (ES, n = 30) and a control group (NS, n = 30). ES patients were treated with esmolol at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg 3 min before tracheal intubation, and received continuous perfusion of esmolol at a dose of 50 µg/kg/min during operation. In NS, esmolol was replaced by saline. SBP/DBP, MAP, HR, SPO2, PETCO2, the depth of anesthesia and the value of RPP were recorded before anesthesia (T0), during intubation (T1), 10 min before pneumoperitoneum (T2), during pneumoperitoneum (T3), 30 min after incision (T4), at the end of surgery (T5), during extubation (T6) and 30 min after extubation (T7). The serum levels of cTnI, CK, CK-MB and LDH were measured before anesthesia, 6 and 30 h after surgery. HR, MAP, RPP at T1, T3, T6 in ES were obviously decreased compared with NS (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between both groups at different time points with respects to the serum levels of cTnI, CK, CK-MB and LDH. No major adverse cardiocerebral event was observed in both groups in three postoperative months. The present study indicated that the application of esmolol during curative laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal cancer can effectively reduce the cardiovascular responses in intubation, operation and extubation, sustain hemodynamic stable, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, and prevent perioperative adverse cardiovascular events, but had no significant myocardial protective effect.

Roles of oxidative DNA damage of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head.

An animal model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head (SANFH) was established to investigate the role of oxidative DNA damage of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in SANFH. Forty-five-month-old Japanese white rabbits (male or female, 2.5 ± 0.5 kg) were randomly divided into groups A (methylprednisolone + Escherichia coli endotoxin), B (methylprednisolone alone), C (E. coli endotoxin alone), and D (blank control). The animals were sacrificed two and four weeks after administration of the last dose (N = 5 each group and each time). Left and right femoral heads were fixed and decalcified. Empty lacunae were counted by hematoxylin and eosin staining and oxidative DNA damage of bone marrow hematopoietic cells was detected by immunohistochemistry. At week 2, the rate of oxidative DNA damage in bone marrow hematopoietic cells was significantly higher in group A than in groups B, C, and D (P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between groups B, C, and D. At week 4, the rate of oxidative DNA damage in bone marrow hematopoietic cells was significantly higher in group A than in groups B, C, and D (P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference among groups B, C, and D. Thus, oxidative DNA damage of bone marrow hematopoietic cells appears to play an important role in SANFH.