RESUMO
Bioluminogenic probes emerged as powerful tools for imaging and analysis of various bioanalyses, but traditional approaches would be limited to the low sensitivity during determine the low activity of protease in clinical specimens. Herein, we proposed a caged luciferase inhibitor-based bioluminescence-switching strategy (CLIBS) by using a cleavable luciferase inhibitor to modulate the activity of luciferase reporter to amplify the detective signals, which led to the enhancement of detection sensitivity, and enabled the determination of circulating Aminopeptidase N (APN) activity in thousands of times diluted serum. By applying the CLIBS to serum samples in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from two clinical cohorts, we revealed that, for the first time, higher circulating APN activities but not its concentration, were associated with more NSCLC metastasis or higher metastasis stages by subsequent clinical analysis, and can serve as an independent factor for forecasting NSCLC patients' risk of metastasis.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Antígenos CD13 , LuciferasesRESUMO
PURPOSE: The adaptive immune responses induced by radiotherapy has been demonstrated to largely rely on STING-dependent type I interferons (IFNs) production. However, irradiated tumor cells often fail to induce dendritic cells (DCs) to produce type I IFNs. Hence, we aim to uncover the limitation of STING-mediated innate immune sensing following radiation, and identify efficient reagents capable to rescue the failure of type I IFNs induction for facilitating radiotherapy. METHODS: A targeted cell-based phenotypic screening was performed to search for active molecules that could elevate the production of type I IFNs. USP14 knockout or inhibition was assayed for IFN production and the activation of STING signaling in vitro. The mechanisms of USP14 were investigated by western blot and co-immunoprecipitation in vitro. Additionally, combinational treatments with PT33 and radiation in vivo and in vitro models were performed to evaluate type I IFNs responses to radiation. RESULTS: PT33 was identified as an enhancer of STING agonist elicited type I IFNs production to generate an elevated and durable STING activation profile in vitro. Mechanistically, USP14 inhibition or deletion impairs the deubiquitylation of K63-linked IRF3. Furthermore, blockade of USP14 with PT33 enhances DC sensing of irradiated-tumor cells in vitro, and synergizes with radiation to promote systemic antitumor immunity in vivo. CONCLUSION: Our findings reveal that USP14 is one of the major IFN production suppressors and impairs the activation of IRF3 by removing the K63-linked ubiquitination of IRF3. Therefore, blockage of USP14 results in the gain of STING signaling activation and radiation-induced adaptive immune responses.
Assuntos
Imunidade Adaptativa , Interferon Tipo I , Interferon beta , Radioterapia , Ubiquitina Tiolesterase , Humanos , Imunidade Inata , Fator Regulador 3 de Interferon , Interferon Tipo I/metabolismo , Interferon beta/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
The first proteolysis targeting chimeras for the intracellular elimination of transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1), which contributes to various diseases, are described. The appropriately designed DT-6 could efficiently degrade intracellular TGF-ß1, and inhibit M2 macrophage induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition and invasive migration of cancer cells.
Assuntos
Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/metabolismo , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Invasividade NeoplásicaRESUMO
Raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, displays benefits for Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevention in postmenopausal women as hormonal changes during menopause have the potential to influence AD pathogenesis, but the underlying mechanism of its neuroprotection is not entirely clear. In this study, the effects of raloxifene on amyloid-ß (Aß) amyloidogenesis were evaluated. The results demonstrated that raloxifene inhibits Aß42 aggregation and destabilizes preformed Aß42 fibrils through directly interacting with the N-terminus and middle domains of Aß42 peptides. Consequently, raloxifene not only reduces direct toxicity of Aß42 in HT22 neuronal cells, but also suppresses expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-ß induced by Aß42 peptides, and then alleviates microglia-mediated indirect toxicity of Aß42 to HT22 neuronal cells. Our results suggested an alternative possible explanation for the neuroprotective activity of raloxifene in AD prevention.
Assuntos
Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/toxicidade , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/toxicidade , Agregados Proteicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Cloridrato de Raloxifeno/farmacologia , Doença de Alzheimer/prevenção & controle , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/química , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Camundongos , Microglia/citologia , Microglia/metabolismo , Neurônios/metabolismo , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/química , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/química , Agregação Patológica de Proteínas/metabolismo , Domínios Proteicos , Cloridrato de Raloxifeno/química , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/genética , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genéticaRESUMO
The intrinsic haemolysis of an amyloid-ß (Aß) N-terminal targeting gramicidin S derivative was successfully dissociated from its Aß oligomer-preventing activities via Ala-scanning-based regulation of molecular amphiphilicity. The representative analogue DGR-7 shows low toxicity but significant efficiency in preventing Aß oligomers and reducing amyloid plaques in APP/PS1 transgenic AD mice.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/tratamento farmacológico , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/química , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Gramicidina/farmacologia , Hemólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Placa Amiloide/tratamento farmacológico , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Gramicidina/efeitos adversos , Gramicidina/química , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Conformação Molecular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células PC12 , Placa Amiloide/metabolismo , RatosRESUMO
Major limitations of chalcones as clinical anticancer agents are water insolubility and poor bioavailability, which may be improved by a classic phosphate prodrug strategy that targets non-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for releasing the parent drug in vivo. In this study, we found that BOC26P, a phosphate prodrug of chalcone OC26, exhibits excellent water solubility and improved plasma concentration in vivo by either i.v. or p.o. compared with the parent drug. In pace with decreased inhibitory activity of BOC26P against microtubule polymerization in vitro and in cells, the antiproliferative activity of BOC26P is attenuated in A549 and HLF cells. However, the antitumor effect of BOC26P increases in an A549 xenograft model as compared to the equimolar concentration of OC26, suggesting that complex tumor microenvironment would be another important influence factor to regulate the antitumor activity of BOC26Pin vivo. In conclusion, these observations showed that the traditional phosphate prodrug strategy would be a promising and easy method to increase water solubility and anticancer activity of chalcones for the clinical developments of anticancer agents.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Chalconas/síntese química , Fosfatos/síntese química , Pró-Fármacos/síntese química , Células A549 , Animais , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/fisiologia , Chalconas/farmacologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Fosfatos/farmacologia , Pró-Fármacos/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Solubilidade , Água/química , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto/métodosRESUMO
The proteasomal 19S regulatory particle (RP) associated deubiquitinases (DUBs) have attracted much attention owing to their potential as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Identification of new entities against 19S RP associated DUBs and illustration of the underlying mechanisms is crucial for discovery of novel proteasome blockers. In this study, a series of 4-arylidene curcumin analogues were identified as potent proteasome inhibitor by preferentially blocking deubiquitinase function of proteasomal 19S RP with moderate 20S CP inhibition. The most active compound 33 exhibited a major inhibitory effect on 19S RP-associated ubiquitin-specific proteases 14, along with a minor effect on ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase 5, which resulted in dysfunction of proteasome, and subsequently accumulated ubiquitinated proteins (such as IκB) in several cancer cells. Remarkably, though both 19S RP and 20S CP inhibition induced significantly endoplasmic reticulum stress and triggered caspase-12/9 pathway activation to promote cancer cell apoptosis, the 19S RP inhibition by 33 avoided slow onset time, Bcl-2 overexpression, and PERK-phosphorylation, which contribute to the deficiencies of clinical drug Bortezomib. These systematic studies provided insights in the development of novel proteasome inhibitors for cancer treatment.