RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Stabilization of metastatic acetabular defects with a bone cement-augmented revision support cup for remobilization of oncological patients in advanced cancer stages. INDICATIONS: Metastatic acetabular defects (Metastatic Acetabular Classification, MAC 2-4) in patients with a prognostic medium or long-term survival. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Highly limited survival due to metastatic disease (<â¯6 weeks). Local bone or soft tissue infection. Primary bone tumor with curative treatment option. Advanced pelvic discontinuity. Recent wound compromising systemic therapy. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Standard hip approach. Curettage of the metastatic defect and careful reaming of the acetabulum before insertion of the cup. Predrilling of the dome und flange screws before application of the bone cement through the center hole of the implant and filling of the acetabular defect. Complete insertion of the screws for compound osteosynthesis. Implant of a modular inlay or dual mobility system. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Full weight bearing or mobilization with two crutches according to the level of pain. Adjuvant local radiation therapy after wound consolidation. Continuation of systemic therapy according to tumor board decision. RESULTS: Between 2012 and 2019, we treated 14 patients with metastatic acetabular defects using the modular revision support cup "MRS-TITAN® Comfort", MRS-C, Peter Brehm GmbH, Weisendorf, Germany) at our institution. Mean Harris Hip Score improvement was 23.2 with a mean patient's survival of 9.7 months due to the reduced cancer-related prognosis; 13 of the 14 implants endured the patient's prognosis. One implant had to be removed due soft tissue defect-related periprosthetic joint infection.
Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Prótese de Quadril , Neoplasias , Humanos , Prótese de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Acetábulo/cirurgia , Cimentos Ósseos , Resultado do Tratamento , Reoperação , Neoplasias/etiologia , Neoplasias/cirurgia , Falha de Prótese , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Restoration of the extensor apparatus in the case of advanced tendon defects as part of revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Reconstruction and augmentation using vascularized gastrocnemius muscle and tendon. INDICATIONS: Advanced degeneration of the extensor apparatus (patella tendon; quadriceps tendon) with or without discontinuity, following revision arthroplasty. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Persistent infection or pending TKA revision. Damaged gastrocnemius or soleus muscle or Achilles tendon. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Extension of the surgical TKA-access medial-distally. Separation of the medial gastrocnemius muscle along the raphe and preparation of the distal tendon from the soleus portion. Transposition into the defect site, augmentation or reconstruction of the defect by double turn of the gastrocnemius tendon. The muscle belly serves to adequately cover the tendon as well as the ventral knee joint. Mesh coverage of the muscle. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Immobilization of the knee and ankle for 10 days until mesh graft healing. Stepwise increasing flection of the knee with 30°/60°/90° every 2 weeks. Total weight bearing with secured full extended knee, no weight bearing with flexed knee for 6 weeks. RESULTS: In 9 patients, 3 with complete rupture of the patellar tendon, 5 with destruction of the extensor apparatus, and 1 patient with rupture of the quadriceps tendon following TKA revision, good functional results were achieved with active extension of the knee joint and standing/gait stability 6 months after surgery.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Ligamento Patelar , Artroplastia do Joelho/métodos , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Ligamento Patelar/cirurgia , Ruptura/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In recent literature, the increasing number of medical litigations, both in terms of the number of cases being filed and the substantive costs associated with lawsuits, has been described. This study aims to provide an overview of the profile of litigation for orthopedic and trauma surgery to describe the differences and the development of the number of cases over time. PATIENTS AND MATERIALS: A retrospective review of all litigations between 2000 and 2017 was conducted using the institutional legal database. The causes of litigation were documented and classified into seven major categories. In addition to plaintiff characteristics, the litigation outcomes and the differences between emergency and elective surgery were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 230 cases were evaluated. The mean age of the plaintiffs was 44.6 ± 20.1 years, and 56.8% were female. The main reasons for litigation were claimed inappropriate management (46.1%), misdiagnosis (22.6), and poor nursing care (8.3%). Significantly more litigations were filed against surgeons of the orthopedic subspecialty compared with trauma surgeons (78%; p ≤ 0.0001). There were significantly fewer litigations per 1000 cases filed overall in 2009-2017 (65% less; p = 0.003) than in 2000-2008. CONCLUSION: Our results could not confirm the often-stated trend of having more litigations against orthopedic and trauma surgeons. Although the absolute numbers increased, the number of litigations per 1000 patients treated declined. Patients who underwent elective surgery were more likely to file complaints than emergency patients.
Assuntos
Imperícia , Procedimentos Ortopédicos , Ortopedia , Cirurgiões , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Procedimentos Ortopédicos/efeitos adversos , Bases de Dados FactuaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Physiotherapy prior to open-heart surgery lowers the rate of pneumonia and length of the hospital stay. Pneumonia is a major contributor to short-term mortality following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Hence, we hypothesized that pre- and intensified postprocedural physiotherapy in patients undergoing TAVR might impact the net functional and clinical outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS: The 4P-TAVR study was a prospective, monocentric, randomized trial. The study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of intensified periprocedural physiotherapy including inspiratory muscle training versus standard postprocedural physiotherapy. Patients were randomized in a 1 : 1 fashion. 108 patients were included and followed up for 90 days after TAVR. While patients in group A (control group: 50 patients, age: 81.7 ± 5.0 years, 52% male) did not receive physiotherapy prior to TAVR, group B (intervention group: 58 patients, age: 82.2 ± 5.82 years, 47% male) participated in intensive physiotherapy. Compared to the control group, patients in the interventional group showed a lower incidence of postinterventional pneumonia (10 [20.0%] vs. 3 [5.1%], p=0.016) and had a 3-day shorter mean hospital stay (13.5 ± 6.1 days vs. 10.1 ± 4.7 days, p=0.02). The primary composite endpoint of mortality and rehospitalization was not different between the groups. CONCLUSION: Intensified physiotherapy is safe and has positive effects on clinical outcomes up to 90 days after TAVR but has no impact on the primary combined endpoint of mortality and rehospitalization. Longer follow-up, a multicenter design, and a higher number of subjects are needed to confirm these preliminary results. This trial is registered with DRKS00017239.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Pneumonia/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/fisiopatologia , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pneumonia/etiologia , Pneumonia/mortalidade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter/métodos , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter/reabilitação , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Prótese do Joelho , Humanos , Falha de Prótese , Reoperação , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Restoration of knee function by using tibial metaphyseal components in advanced metaphyseal bone defects after multiple bone-damaging revision surgery on the knee joint. INDICATIONS: Advanced tibial metaphyseal bone defects (Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute [AORI] IIb and III defects) in revision arthroplasty of the knee joint. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Persistent or current joint infection, general infection (e.g., pneumonia), nonreconstructable insufficient extensor apparatus. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Standard access including existing skin scars, arthrotomy, removal of cement spacer if necessary and removal of multiple tissue samples; preparation of femur first, followed by preparation of the tibia. Referencing the tibial rotation and joint line height. Tibial osteotomy referenced intramedullarily. Determination of the metaphyseal defect size and choice of component size. Positioning of the rasp guide for the preparation of the metaphyseal component (sleeve); gradual preparation of the bed for the metaphyseal component. Afterwards the prepared component at the desired depth (when using augments +5 or +10â¯mm accordingly 5 or 10â¯mm above the tibial plateau) is left and the tibial plateau is fixed on the embedded sleeve. Test coupling, control of the implant position and the height of the joint line radiologically. If satisfactory the definitive implants accordingly to the components of used implants before can be implanted. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Full weight bearing. Regular wound control; limitation of the degree of flexion only with weakened or reconstructed extensor apparatus. RESULTS: Between May 2018 and August 2019, 14 metaphyseal tibial components were implanted in 14 patients. The mean follow-up was 10.4 months. The follow-up included clinical examination, KSS (Knee Society Score) and an Xray and failure analysis. A significant improvement in range of movement from 75⯱ 16° to 100⯱ 14° (pâ¯< 0.01) was achieved. The KSS improved significantly from 78⯱ 12 points preoperatively to 137⯱ 23 points postoperatively. Two patients complained of persistent pain after exercise (walking distance >200â¯m) after 6 months; tibial shaft pain was negated by all patients. The group examined afterwards showed an implant survival rate of 100% in the observation interval.
Assuntos
Tíbia , Artroplastia do Joelho , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho , Prótese do Joelho , Desenho de Prótese , Reoperação , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The incidence of periprosthetic fractures of the proximal femur is increasing due to the growing numbers of hip replacements in old age. The treatment of these fractures is a challenge for the treating physician and standardized procedures are necessary. The unified classification system (UCS) is a suitable tool to establish treatment strategies: On the basis of the fracture localization and extent, bone quality, stability of the prosthesis and the presence of further implants, the fractures can be classified according to the UCS and a treatment algorithm can be derived. This article gives an overview of the diagnostics, classification and characteristics of the various periprosthetic fracture types as well as the treatment.
Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Fraturas do Fêmur/etiologia , Fraturas do Fêmur/cirurgia , Prótese de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Fraturas Periprotéticas/etiologia , Fraturas Periprotéticas/cirurgia , Fêmur/cirurgia , Humanos , Incidência , Reoperação , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Geriatric patients are currently responsible for almost one third of all emergency hospital admissions. An increase of 50% is expected in the next decade. This age redistribution poses new challenges for inpatient care and discharge management. The requirements of an orthopedic trauma surgery clinic in the care of this patient group can be clarified with the help of this first collaboratively created geriatric orthopedic trauma surgery complex treatment unit of a university hospital. OBJECTIVE: What influence do age and delirium have on discharge management, length of inpatient stay and discharge destination in a geriatric cohort? MATERIAL AND METHODS: All patients who received inpatient treatment as part of the orthopedic trauma surgery geriatric complex treatment (GKB) between May 2017 and December 2019 were evaluated. An analysis of the demographics, length of inpatient stay, discharge destinations and evaluation of the Barthel index collected on admission and discharge, the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and the geriatric depression scale (GDS) were carried out. RESULTS: Out of 312 patients, 110 men and 193 women with a median age of 81 years, 77 patients (24.6%) showed delirium when enrolled in the GKB and 39 (12.5%) dementia. Older patients presented more often with delirium than younger people (pâ¯= 0.013), especially those aged 70-79 years (pâ¯= 0.037). Dementia patients suffered more frequently from postoperative delirium (pâ¯< 0.01). The mean hospital stay was 17.79 days (±4.6 days). The GKB was regularly completed in 60.7% of all cases and 39.3% patients dropped out early. Patients with delirium were discharged significantly less often into their own home but into short-term care or nursing homes (pâ¯= 0.038). A general correlation between delirium development and the discharge destination was noticeable (pâ¯= 0.004). CONCLUSION: Patients with dementia are more likely to develop delirium postoperatively, which leads to an increase in the length of inpatient stay, an increase in treatment costs and more work for the discharge management team. In addition, the discharge to the patients' home is impaired by delirium, which means that the growing need for places in short-term care and nursing homes also creates socioeconomic burdens.
Assuntos
Traumatologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Delírio , Feminino , Avaliação Geriátrica , Hospitalização , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Alta do PacienteRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Optimal reconstruction of acetabular anatomy and primarily stable bridging even of large bone defects in hip revision surgery by intraoperative cementless application of highly modular components of the MRS-TITAN Comfort (MRS-C) system according to the augment-and-modular-cage principle. INDICATIONS: Acetabular defect situations in hip revision surgery, hereditary/acquired acetabular deformities, severe secondary hip osteoarthritis. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Extended periacetabular defects of the dorsal pillar, pelvic discontinuities, persisting posttraumatic or periprosthetic infections, lack of intraoperative bony anchorage options. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Conventional positioning. Flexible selection of approach (posterolateral, anterolateral or transgluteal) to the hip joint, if possible using a previous approach. Implant removal, preparation and intraoperative acetabular defect evaluation. Optional impaction bone grafting for biological downsizing. Selection of modular components and augments depending on the defect. Preparation of the obturator foramen for anchorage of the caudal flange. Optional preparation of the os ilium for additional fixation of the cage with flanges. Fixation with polyaxial screws and selection of version/inclination of the cup component. Selection of the inlay (polyethylene/ceramic). POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Partial weight-bearing with 20â¯kg body-weight for 6 weeks with crutches. Prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis and heterotopic ossification. Additional adapted antibiotic therapy in cases of infection. RESULTS: A minimum 1year follow-up of 42 patients showed significant improvements of Harris Hip Scores (pâ¯< 0.0001), adequate reconstruction of the physiologic center of rotation (x-ray controlled in the vertical plane, referenced to the contralateral side), and a clear reduction of preoperative leg length discrepancies. No significant changes in range of motion. No implant-associated complications noted. Based on the short follow-up results, the implant proves as suitable for reconstruction of even large acetabular bone defects.
Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Prótese de Quadril , Reoperação , Acetábulo , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodos , Humanos , Falha de Prótese , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Artroplastia do Ombro , Articulação do Ombro , Artroplastia , Humanos , Reoperação , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Reconstruction of proximal humeral bone defects in the setting of shoulder revision arthroplasty by implantation of a modular humeral component. INDICATIONS: Severe segmental humeral bone defects in revision total shoulder arthroplasty, after tumor resection, trauma, pathological fractures, post-infectious or after failed osteosynthesis. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Acute or chronic local infections, large diaphyseal bone defects preventing adequate anchorage of the prosthesis, very short life expectancy (<3 months). SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Removal of the implant using an extended deltopectoral approach. Periarticular arthrolysis with preservation of neurovascular structures. Resection of the meta-diaphyseal bone and reconstruction of the humeral length with the help of different extension sleeves and a modular humeral component. Soft tissue management is crucial, especially with reverse shoulder arthroplasty. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Three weeks postoperatively immobilization in a shoulder sling, active assisted movement therapy by gradual pain-adapted increase of movement, muscle coordination, and strength. RESULTS: The results of 11 consecutive patients treated with a modular humeral component due to a failed shoulder arthroplasty between 2008 and 2016 were evaluated retrospectively. Mean length of reconstruction was 100â¯mm. Due to recurrent dislocations one patient required revision and conversion to a reverse component. No cases of aseptic loosening or periprosthetic infection were observed.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Ombro , Articulação do Ombro , Humanos , Úmero , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ombro , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim is to stabilize the thoracolumbar spine with a thoracoscopically implanted vertebral body replacement (VBR). To improve intraoperative depth perception and orientation, implantation is performed under three-dimensional (3D) thoracoscopic vision. INDICATIONS: Vertebral burst fractures at the thoracolumbar junction (A4 AOSpine classification), pseudarthrosis, and posttraumatic instability with increasing kyphosis. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Severe pulmonary dysfunctions, pulmonary or thoracic infections, previous thoracic surgery, and pulmonary adhesions. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: The patient is lying in a right lateral decubitus position. Localization of the fractured vertebra. Minimally invasive transthoracic approach. Perform single lung ventilation and insert the 3D thoracoscope two intercostal spaces above the working portal. Utilization of special binocular glasses for 3D vision of the operation field and secure resection of the fractured vertebra. Measurement of the bony defect and insertion of the expandable cage. Control of correct cage position under fluoroscopy. Insertion of a chest tube and inflate the left lung. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Chestâ¯× ray Remove chest tube when output is <500â¯ml/24â¯h Early mobilization on the ward 6 weeks no weight-bearing >5â¯kg RESULTS: Between 2012 and 2017, 12 patients received a VBR under 3D thoracoscopic vision. After a mean follow up of 26 months, no cage dislocation was noticed and all patients recovered from the initial back pain. Complications were notable in two cases (17%) with a small pneumothorax after removal of the chest tube and postoperative pneumonia in one patient (8%). All responded to conservative treatment. Revision surgery was not necessary.
Assuntos
Fraturas por Compressão/cirurgia , Vértebras Lombares/cirurgia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Vértebras Torácicas/cirurgia , Toracoscopia/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Recém-Nascido , Instabilidade Articular/etiologia , Instabilidade Articular/cirurgia , Cifose/etiologia , Cifose/prevenção & controle , Cifose/cirurgia , Masculino , Pseudoartrose/etiologia , Pseudoartrose/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To remove loosened prosthesis components, to perform augmentation, to address osseous defects, to perform neutrally aligned ankle arthrodesis, and to achieve postoperative pain relief. INDICATIONS: Symptomatic, aseptic loosening of total ankle replacement (TAR) with/without substantial bone defect of the tibial and/or talar bone stock. CONTRAINDICATIONS: General surgical or anesthesiological risks, periprosthetic infection, local or systemic infection, nonmanageable soft tissue problems. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Removal of both prosthesis components using the previous incision (mostly using anterior ankle approach). Careful debridement of bone stock at the tibial and talar side. Osseous augmentation of defects using autologous or homologous cancellous bone, if needed, using structural allografts. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: A soft wound dressing is used. Thromboprophylaxis is recommended. Patient mobilization starts on postoperative day 1 with 15 kg partial weight bearing using a stabilizing walking boot or cast for 6-8 weeks. Following clinical and radiographic follow-up at 6 weeks, full weight bearing is initiated gradually after progressive osseous healing has been confirmed. RESULTS: Between January 2007 and December 2012, ankle arthrodesis was performed in 9 patients with failed TAR (6 men and 3 women, mean age 56.4 ± 7.0 years, range 47.8-66.0 years). The mean time between the initial TAR and revision surgery was 4.5 ± 2.4 years (range 1.2-7.9 years). In one patient irrigation and debridement was performed due to superficial wound infection. Another patient had a delayed osseous healing 11 months after the revision surgery.
Assuntos
Articulação do Tornozelo/cirurgia , Artrodese/métodos , Artroplastia de Substituição do Tornozelo/efeitos adversos , Instabilidade Articular/etiologia , Instabilidade Articular/cirurgia , Falha de Prótese , Idoso , Articulação do Tornozelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Artrodese/instrumentação , Artroplastia de Substituição do Tornozelo/instrumentação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reoperação/instrumentação , Reoperação/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Periacetabular bony defects remain a great challenge in revision total hip arthroplasty. After assessment and classification of the defect and selection of a suitable implant the primary stable fixation and sufficient biological reconstitution of a sustainable bone stock are essential for long term success in acetabular revision surgery. Biological defect reconstruction aims for the down-sizing of periacetabular defects for later revision surgeries. TECHNIQUE: In the field of biological augmentation several methods are currently available. Autologous transplants feature a profound osseointegrative capacity. However, limitations such as volume restrictions and secondary complications at the donor site have to be considered. Structural allografts show little weight bearing potential in the long term and high failure rates. In clinical practice, the usage of spongious chips implanted via impaction bone grafting technique in combination with antiprotrusio cages for the management of contained defects have shown promising long time results. Nevertheless, when dealing with craniolateral acetabular and dorsal column defects, the additional implantation of macroporous metal implants or augments should be considered since biological augmentation has shown little clinical success in these particular cases. PROSPECT: This article provides an overview of the current clinically available biological augmentation methods of peri-acetabular defects. Due to the limitations of autologous and allogeneic bone transplants in terms of size and availability, the emerging field of innovative implantable tissue engineering constructs gains interest and will also be discussed in this article.
Assuntos
Acetabuloplastia/instrumentação , Acetabuloplastia/métodos , Acetábulo/cirurgia , Artroplastia de Quadril/instrumentação , Reoperação/instrumentação , Reoperação/métodos , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodos , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Prótese de Quadril , Humanos , Metais , Prevalência , Desenho de Prótese , Falha de Prótese , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The objectification of pain is essential for evaluation, treatment plan and follow-up; therefore, it is necessary to find reliable clinical parameters. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the study was the preoperative screening of a neuropathic component in patients with vertebral compression fracture (WKF), herniated disc (NPP) or spinal cord compression (SKS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Depending on the preoperative condition on admittance, patients were classified into three groups: group 1 WKF, group 2 NPP and group 3 SKS. To characterize the pain we used the painDETECT questionnaire, the Oswestry questionnaire and further questionnaires. All patients were surgically treated according to the diagnosis, e.g. radiofrequency kyphoplasty, nucleotomy or spondylodesis. RESULTS: We evaluated the data from 139 patients (45% WKF, 34% NPP and 21% SKS). There were no differences in preoperative pain intensity (median ordinal scale 0-10) with a mean preoperative score of 7 for all groups. The total score of the painDETECT questionnaire showed significantly higher results in group 2 (median 18) and in group 3 (median 14) than in group 1 (median 9). There was even a significant difference between groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.03). The highest pain intensity was detected in group 1 with a median visual analog scale (VAS) of 71 mm. The total scores in the painDETECT questionnaire and the scores in the Oswestry questionnaire correlated in groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: The painDETECT questionnaire was shown to be a very suitable instrument for evaluating the neuropathic pain component in patients with dorsalgia. This could be very useful in planning further therapy.
Assuntos
Dor nas Costas/diagnóstico , Dor nas Costas/cirurgia , Fraturas por Compressão/diagnóstico , Fraturas por Compressão/cirurgia , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Programas de Rastreamento , Neuralgia/diagnóstico , Neuralgia/cirurgia , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Compressão da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Compressão da Medula Espinal/cirurgia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Dor nas Costas/psicologia , Discotomia Percutânea , Feminino , Fraturas por Compressão/psicologia , Humanos , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/psicologia , Cifoplastia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neuralgia/psicologia , Medição da Dor/estatística & dados numéricos , Psicometria , Compressão da Medula Espinal/psicologia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/psicologia , Fusão Vertebral , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Introduction/Background: With extended life expectancy, the number of primary joint arthroplasties has also increased. Revision surgery is also more often necessary, due to aseptic or septic loosening of the prosthesis or periprosthetic fracture. Large bone defects often occur in these patients and several non-modular, conventional implants are available to handle this difficult situation. Custom made implants offer an individually designed and defect-adapted shape with perfect covering of the lesion, but may delay the operation. The Modular Universal Tumor And Revision System (MUTARS®) offers the possibility to vary the length and angle of the femoral neck and the antetorsion angle. Thus, it permits intraoperative adaption to the individual patient's defect. The aim of our study is to present clinical, functional results and the rate of complications in a cohort of patients undergoing revision surgery for failed endoprosthetic replacement or failed trauma surgery, using the Modular Universal Tumor And Revision System with short-to midterm follow-up. Patients and Methods: Between August 2005 and September 2014, 25 patients (17 female, 8 male) with an average age of 72 years (min. 56, max. 92 years) were included in a retrospective study using the MUTARS® system. The patients underwent surgical revision of osseous defects that were not susceptible to conventional care. The mean follow-up was 16 months (min. 12, max. 72 months). The indications which led to revision surgery were as follows: loosened metal-on-metal prosthesis with an acetabular defect caused by a metal-induced granuloma (n = 1), pseudoarthrosis after implantation of femur nail (n = 2), cut-out of a femur nail (n = 1), aseptic loosening of an implanted endoprosthesis (n = 4), septic loosening of an implanted endoprosthesis (n = 1), periprosthetic fracture (n = 6) and periprosthetic infection after two stage revision surgery (infection consolidated Girdlestone situation) (n = 10). All patients were followed up at regular intervals, both clinically and radiologically. Apart from comorbidities, clinical and functional parameters were measured, including the Harris Hip Score. An outcome analysis was also performed with respect to peri- and postoperative complications. Serial plain X-rays were followed-up. Results: In all patients, stable reconstruction without the use of an allograft was possible. In total, 23 patients underwent surgery by using a proximal femur prosthesis; three patients also received a custom made acetabular component. One patient was treated by using a distal femur and one patient was treated by implantation of a total femur prosthesis. The average length of hospital stay was 25 days (min.11, max. 47 days). The Harris Hip Score improved from 28 points preoperatively to 81 points after surgery.In total we recorded 24â% of complications after surgery. Two patients suffered recurrent periprosthetic infection and the prosthesis had to be revised in a further two stage exchange; one patient had a tractus gap and was revised by surgery. Two patients suffered periprosthetic fracture due to trauma and the patient with the total femur prosthesis suffered recurrent periprosthetic infection of the silver - coated mega-prosthesis and committed suicide triggered by an episode of major depression. Conclusion: Because of its modular nature, the Modular Tumor And Revision System (MUTARS®) can be used for highly variable intraoperative defect adaption. Good clinical and functional results were achieved in patients with excessive bone defects. However, the high rate of infection, even with silver coated mega-implants, is still a problem and should be studied further.
Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril/instrumentação , Membros Artificiais , Prótese de Quadril , Fraturas Periprotéticas/cirurgia , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/cirurgia , Reoperação/instrumentação , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodos , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenho de Prótese , Falha de Prótese , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Reoperação/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Integração de Sistemas , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVE: Bone resection regarding adequate surgical margins is the treatment of choice for malignant bone tumors. In the case of metastasis-related complications, so-called skeletal-related events, it is highly important to achieve pain relief and a stable joint situation to re-mobilize the patients immediately following surgery. To bridge the often large osseous defect zones after tumor resection, both cemented and uncemented modular endoprosthetic systems are widely used. Patients undergoing tumor-related endoprosthetic orthopedic surgery are facing high risk for developing a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The immunocompromised condition due to anti-neoplastic treatment and long operation time with large exposure of tissue contributes to a high risk of infection. METHODS: The authors present a case series of 100 patients (31% primary bone tumor and 69% metastasis-related surgery) undergoing tumor-related lower limb salvage surgery with special regard to periprosthetic joint infection and the management of this "difficult to treat" situation. Furthermore, a review of the current literature regarding infection following bone tumor resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction is performed and discussed. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 24 months (range 12-108 months). Ten patients (10%) suffered from a periprosthetic joint infection. We recorded six acute infections (type I) <4 weeks after surgery, one infection >4 weeks after surgery (type II), and three late infections (type III). According to the definition of Laffer et al., three of our patients (30%) are probably free of infection, one patient died of PJI-associated sepsis, and five patients were free of infection, but without restoration of the affected joint. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our own results show that perimegaprosthetic joint infection among silver-coated implants, in patients undergoing tumor-related surgery of the lower limb, is lower compared to non-silver-coated implants. Due to heterogeneity of patients and potential treatment options, the treatment regime should be tailored for the patients' individual situation.
Assuntos
Artrite Infecciosa/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis , Próteses e Implantes/efeitos adversos , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/tratamento farmacológico , Prata/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Extremidade InferiorRESUMO
Background: The perception of back pain subjective is hard for physicians to measure. For this reason, questionnaires are an important instrument to evaluate the pain 1. The main point of this study was to verify differentiation of pain symptoms in patients with different pain mechanisms. The most important parameter was the PainDetect questionnaire, which can differentiate between nociceptive and neuropathic pain. Additional parameters were measured before and after surgery to characterise pain symptoms in detail. Material and Methods: We selected patients with diagnosed vertebral compression fracture, herniated disc or with spinal cord compression. To characterise the preoperative condition on admittance, we collected the data from the physical examination, as well as clinical data, including X-ray, CT and MRI. To characterise the pain, we used the painDetect questionnaire, the Oswestry Index questionnaire (ODI) and the visual analogue scale (VAS). Depending on the diagnosis, patients were treated by surgery (radiofrequency kyphoplasty, nucleotomy, spondylodesis). At 2 to 3 days and 6 months after surgery, we repeated the questionnaire and compared the results with those before the operation. Data on patient satisfaction and adverse events were also collected. Results: This study included 62 patients with vertebral compression fracture (group 1: VBF, 89â% female, mean age 71 years) and 77 patients with herniated disc or spinal cord compression (group 2: non-VBF, 55â% female, mean age 53 years). There was no difference between both groups in preoperative pain intensity (acute, maximum, average): median ordinal scale 0 to 10; group 1: 6, 8, 7; group 2: 6, 9, 7. The total score in the painDetect questionnaire differed significantly between the two groups (median group 1 = 9, group 2 = 17; effect size r = 0.5; p = 0.000). The existence of neuropathic pain was presumed (> 90â%) in 3â% of the patients in group 1 and in 13â% of patients it was not excluded. In contrast, in group 2 it was presumed (> 90â%) in 43â% of patients and in 30â% of patients it could not be excluded. Patients with vertebral compression fracture had greater pain intensity (VAS 71) than patients from group 2 (VAS 53). There was no difference in the total score of the Oswestry questionnaire between the two groups (56â% vs. 58â%). Pain intensity was significantly reduced in both groups after the operations. Six months postoperatively, pain intensity (median ordinal scale 0 to 10; acute, maximum, average) was 2, 5, 3 in group 1 and 2, 4, 2 in group 2. Moreover, the final scores of the painDetect questionnaires were significantly lower in both groups after the operations (4 in both groups). The median score of the ODI was reduced in both groups, with an effect size of 0.6. 98â% of the patients in group 1 and 94â% in group 2 were satisfied with the outcome of the operation. Conclusion: The preoperative pain characteristics of patients with vertebral compression fracture is different from those of patients with herniated disc or with spinal cord compression. 43â% of patients in group 2 exhibited a neuropathic pain component and in 30â% this could not be excluded. In contrast, in group 1 only 3â% of the patients exhibited a neuropathic pain component. Postoperatively, pain symptoms were significant reduced in both groups, so that the risk of chronic pain was considerably less.