RESUMO
Hepatitis B virus X (HBX) protein is required for the replication of HBV and plays a role in the progression of hepatitis in humans. However, the underlying function of HBX during HBVinduced chronic glomerulonephritis (HBVGN) is unknown. Echinacoside (ECH) is a phenylethanoid glycoside from the Cistanche genus, which possesses strong antiapoptosis and neuroprotective activities. In the present study, the function of HBX and the relationship between HBX and ECH in human renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs; HK2 cell line) were explored. Reverse transcriptionquantitative PCR and western blot analyses were used to quantify the mRNA and protein expression levels of HBX in HK2 cells, respectively. The Cell Counting Kit8 assay was performed to analyse cell proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis was used to determine the rate of apoptosis. HBX showed antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in HK2 cells and was positively associated with triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) expression. Furthermore, ECH disrupted the function of HBX in HK2 cells, functioning as an HBX suppressor. Moreover, a specific NFκB inhibitor, PDTC, was used to further examine the relationship between HBX and NFκB. The results suggested that NFκB was involved in the HBX/TREM2 signaling pathway and negatively regulated TREM2 expression in RTECs. The present study provided novel insights into the function of HBX, and also indicated the potential value of ECH as a therapeutic agent for HBVGN.