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1.
Lancet Infect Dis ; 23(1): 103-116, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36087588

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The meningococcal serogroup B-factor H binding protein vaccine (MenB-FHbp) is licensed for use in children aged 10 years or older for protection against invasive serogroup B meningococcal disease. Because young children are at increased risk of invasive meningococcal disease, MenB-FHbp clinical data in this population are needed. METHODS: We conducted two phase 2 randomised, controlled, observer-blinded studies including healthy toddlers (age 12-23 months) across 26 Australian, Czech, Finnish, and Polish centres, and older children (age 2-9 years) across 14 Finnish and Polish centres. Exclusion criteria included previous vaccinations against serogroup B meningococcus or hepatitis A virus (HAV), and chronic antibiotic use. Toddlers were randomly allocated (2:1) via an interactive response technology system to receive either 60 µg or 120 µg MenB-FHbp or HAV vaccine and saline (control). Older children were randomly allocated (3:1) to receive 120 µg MenB-FHbp or control, with stratification by age group (2-3 years and 4-9 years). All vaccinations were administered as three doses (0, 2, and 6 months, with only saline given at 2 months in the control group). Toddlers who received 120 µg MenB-FHbp could receive a 120 µg booster dose 24 months after the end of the primary series. The percentages of participants with serum bactericidal activity using human complement (hSBA) titres at or above the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ; all greater than the 1:4 correlate of protection) against four test strains of serogroup B meningococcus 1 month after the third dose (primary immunogenicity endpoint) were measured in the evaluable immunogenicity populations (participants who received the vaccine as randomised, had available and determinate hSBA results, and had no major protocol violations). Not all participants were tested against all strains because of serum sample volume constraints. The frequencies of reactogenicity and adverse events after each dose were recorded in the safety population (all participants who received at least one dose and had safety data available). These studies are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02534935 and NCT02531698) and are completed. FINDINGS: Between Aug 31, 2015, and Aug 22, 2016, for the toddler study and between Aug 27, 2015, and March 7, 2016, for the older children study, we enrolled and randomly allocated 396 toddlers (60 µg MenB-FHbp group n=44; 120 µg MenB-FHbp group n=220; control group n=132) and 400 older children (120 µg MenB-FHbp group n=294; control group n=106). 1 month after the third dose, the proportions of participants with hSBA titres at or above the LLOQ ranged across test strains from 85·0% (95% CI 62·1-96·8; 17 of 20 participants) to 100·0% (82·4-100·0; 19 of 19) in toddlers receiving 60 µg MenB-FHbp, and from 71·6% (61·4-80·4; 68 of 95) to 100·0% (96·2-100·0; 95 of 95) in toddlers receiving 120 µg MenB-FHbp, and from 79·1% (71·2-85·6; 106 of 134) to 100·0% (97·4-100·0; 139 of 139) in children aged 2-9 years receiving 120 µg MenB-FHbp. hSBA titres peaked at 1 month after the third primary dose of MenB-FHbp and then declined over time. 24 months after the third dose in the toddler study, the proportions with hSBA titres at or above the LLOQ ranged from 0·0% (0·0-17·6; 0 of 19 participants) to 41·2% (18·4-67·1; seven of 17) in those who received 60 µg MenB-FHbp and from 3·7% (0·8-10·4; three of 81) to 22·8% (14·1-33·6; 18 of 79) in those who received 120 µg MenB-FHbp. 1 month after the booster dose in toddlers, the proportions with hSBA titres at or above the LLOQ were higher than at 1 month after the primary series. MenB-FHbp reactogenicity was mostly transient and of mild to moderate severity. Adverse event frequency was similar between the MenB-FHbp and control groups and less frequent following MenB-FHbp booster than following primary doses. Two participants from the toddler study (both from the 120 µg MenB-FHbp group) and four from the older children study (three from the 120 µg MenB-FHbp group and one from the control group) were withdrawn from the study because of adverse events. INTERPRETATION: MenB-FHbp was well tolerated and induced protective immune responses in a high proportion of participants. These findings support a favourable MenB-FHbp immunogenicity and reactogenicity profile in young children, a population at increased risk of adverse invasive meningococcal disease outcomes. FUNDING: Pfizer.


Assuntos
Infecções Meningocócicas , Vacinas Meningocócicas , Neisseria meningitidis Sorogrupo B , Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Pré-Escolar , Proteínas de Transporte , Sorogrupo , Austrália , Infecções Meningocócicas/prevenção & controle , Imunogenicidade da Vacina
2.
Ginekol Pol ; 2022 Sep 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36134760

RESUMO

Several hundred million people are infected with genital genotypes of the human papillomavirus (HPV) annually in the world. The infections transmitted mainly through sexual routes are usually asymptomatic, but can lead to the development of cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal, penile cancers, some head and neck cancers and genital warts (condylomas). The fraction HPV-related cancers range from nearly 100% in the case of cervical cancer to several/over a dozen percent in the case of other cancers and diseases. There are no effective drugs against HPV, but prophylactic HPV vaccines are available free of charge in immunization programmes in many countries around the world. In Poland, HPV vaccinations have so far been executed out on the pocket or in free-of-charge, local-governmental prevention programs, but the vaccination coverage of the target population does not exceed 10%. From November 2021, one of the vaccines is available with a 50% reimbursement, work is underway to reimburse the next ones, and the National Oncology Strategy assumes the implementation of the HPV immunization programmes and vaccination of 60% of the teen population by 2028. Three prophylactic HPV vaccines are registered. All of them are safe and their effectiveness in the prevention of diseases caused by vaccine genotypes reaches almost 100%, provided that full post-vaccination immunity is obtained before the contact with the virus. Girls aged 11-13 are the priority target cohort for HPV vaccination in Poland. The implementation of routine, free-of-charge HPV immunization in the Preventive Immunization Program (PIP) for all adolescents should be pursued. Persons over the age of 13 may also benefit from HPV vaccination and should be vaccinated according to product specifications. In addition to free access under the PIP, the key element for the success of the implementation of HPV vaccinations in Poland will be the education of medical personnel and parents of adolescents to be vaccinated.

3.
Cancer Med ; 6(11): 2723-2731, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28984053

RESUMO

Women remain at risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection for most of their lives. The duration of protection against HPV-16/18 from prophylactic vaccination remains unknown. We investigated the 10-year immune response and long-term safety profile of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine (AS04-HPV-16/18 vaccine) in females aged between 15 and 55 years at first vaccination. Females who received primary vaccination with three doses of AS04-HPV-16/18 vaccine in the primary phase-III study (NCT00196937) were invited to attend annual evaluations for long-term immunogenicity and safety. Anti-HPV-16/18 antibodies in serum and cervico-vaginal secretions (CVS) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serious adverse events (SAEs) were recorded throughout the follow-up period. Seropositivity rates for anti-HPV-16 remained high (≥96.3%) in all age groups 10 years after first vaccination. It was found that 99.2% of 15-25-year olds remained seropositive for anti-HPV-18 compared to 93.7% and 83.8% of 26-45-year olds and 45-55-year olds, respectively. Geometric mean titers (GMT) remained above natural infection levels in all age groups. Anti-HPV-16 and anti-HPV-18 titers were at least 5.3-fold and 3.1-fold higher than titers observed after natural infection, respectively, and were predicted to persist above natural infection levels for ≥30 years in all age groups. At Year 10, anti-HPV-16/18 antibody titers in subjects aged 15-25 years remained above plateau levels observed in previous studies. Correlation coefficients for antibody titers in serum and CVS were 0.64 (anti-HPV-16) and 0.38 (anti-HPV-18). This study concluded that vaccinated females aged 15-55 years elicited sustained immunogenicity with an acceptable safety profile up to 10 years after primary vaccination, suggesting long-term protection against HPV.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Papillomavirus Humano 16/imunologia , Papillomavirus Humano 18/imunologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/imunologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Vacinação , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Secreções Corporais/imunologia , Colo do Útero/imunologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/efeitos adversos , Vacinação/efeitos adversos , Vagina/imunologia , Adulto Jovem
4.
Vaccine ; 35(15): 1926-1935, 2017 04 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28262330

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Prophylactic antipyretic use during pediatric vaccination is common. This study assessed whether paracetamol or ibuprofen prophylaxis interfere with immune responses to the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) given concomitantly with the combined DTaP/HBV/IPV/Hib vaccine. METHODS: Subjects received prophylactic paracetamol or ibuprofen at 0, 6-8, and 12-16 h after vaccination, or 6-8 and 12-16 h after vaccination at 2, 3, 4, and 12months of age. At 5 and 13months, immune responses were evaluated versus responses in controls who received no prophylaxis. RESULTS: After the infant series, paracetamol recipients had lower levels of circulating serotype-specific pneumococcal anticapsular immunoglobulin G than controls, reaching significance (P<0.0125) for 5 serotypes (serotypes 3, 4, 5, 6B, and 23F) when paracetamol was started at vaccination. Opsonophagocytic activity assay (OPA) results were similar between groups. Ibuprofen did not affect pneumococcal responses, but significantly (P<0.0125) reduced antibody responses to pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin and tetanus antigens after the infant series when started at vaccination. No differences were observed for any group after the toddler dose. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic antipyretics affect immune responses to vaccines; these effects vary depending on the vaccine, antipyretic agent, and time of administration. In infants, paracetamol may interfere with immune responses to pneumococcal antigens, and ibuprofen may reduce responses to pertussis and tetanus antigens. The use of antipyretics for fever prophylaxis during infant vaccination merits careful consideration. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01392378https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01392378?term=NCT01392378&rank=1.


Assuntos
Acetaminofen/administração & dosagem , Antipiréticos/administração & dosagem , Quimioprevenção/métodos , Febre/prevenção & controle , Ibuprofeno/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Pneumocócicas/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Pneumocócicas/imunologia , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Vacina contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche/efeitos adversos , Interações Medicamentosas , Feminino , Vacinas Anti-Haemophilus/efeitos adversos , Vacinas contra Hepatite B/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Proteínas Opsonizantes/sangue , Fagocitose , Vacinas Pneumocócicas/administração & dosagem , Vacina Antipólio de Vírus Inativado/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Combinadas/efeitos adversos
5.
Dev Period Med ; 20(3): 216-221, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27941192

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Wilson disease (WD) may present from early childhood up to the eighth decade, presenting with variable hepatic and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Establishing the diagnosis is straightforward if the major clinical and laboratory features are present. However, clinical phenotypes are highly varied and early, proper diagnosis can be challenging. AIM: The aim of our study was to analyze clinical presentations and diagnostic tests of Polish pediatric patients with WD. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed medical history of 156 patients with confirmed diagnosis of WD treated at our Institute from 1996 till March 2016. RESULTS: The mean age at onset of symptoms was 10.15±4.23 years of age. Hepatic presentation was the most common one (94.23%) with either liver failure (16.03%) or more frequently increased transaminases (78.2%). In 90.26% cases ceruloplasmin serum concentration was ≤0,2 g/l, in 51.93% patients basal urinary copper excretion was >100 µg/24 h. Mutation analysis was performed in 155 (99.36%) cases. The most common mutation was p.H1069Q. CONCLUSIONS: Wilson disease can present with only significantly increased transaminases activity and hepatomegaly or liver failure, but neurological symptoms are very rare in children. Diagnostic approach is challenging due to wide spectrum of clinical presentations in a high variable degree of severity. Genetic screening is supportive, ceruloplasmin and urinary copper excretion are valuable tests in the majority of patients but do not allow to exclude WD.


Assuntos
Adenosina Trifosfatases/sangue , Proteínas de Transporte de Cátions/sangue , Degeneração Hepatolenticular/sangue , Degeneração Hepatolenticular/diagnóstico , Fígado/patologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Ceruloplasmina/análise , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cobre/sangue , ATPases Transportadoras de Cobre , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Função Hepática , Masculino , Polônia
6.
Viral Immunol ; 28(8): 434-41, 2015 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26266944

RESUMO

It is suggested that the tumor suppressor p53 gene, classified as an interferon-stimulated gene, is implicated in the interferon (IFN)-mediated innate immunity against viruses. This study aimed to examine the transcriptional response of the p53 gene to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and IFN-based therapy in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. The study included 65 CHC patients (HCV genotype 1), treated with pegylated IFN-α and ribavirin, and 51 healthy individuals. p53 gene expression was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Analyses were performed before and at weeks 4 and 12 of treatment. p53 gene expression was significantly upregulated in CHC patients compared with healthy controls and at week 4 of therapy. No significant differences in p53 mRNA expression between rapid virologic responders, complete early virologic responders, and nonresponders were observed. No significant correlation was found between p53 gene expression and viral load. The results obtained indicate that HCV infection and IFN-based treatment induces p53 gene transcription in PBMCs. The p53 gene may therefore play a role in HCV infection but is not directly involved in treatment-induced HCV elimination. Moreover, variations in p53 gene expression do not determine on-treatment response in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection.


Assuntos
Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Hepatite C Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite C Crônica/patologia , Interferon-alfa/uso terapêutico , Transcrição Gênica , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/biossíntese , Adulto , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Leucócitos Mononucleares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Ribavirina/uso terapêutico , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Adulto Jovem
7.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; 62(12): 2108-13, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26226936

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cancer survival rates and longevity of patients after therapy have significantly improved during the last decades. Thus durable protection against infections should be provided. The aim of the study was to compare the levels of vaccine-derived antibodies in children with cancer compared to those of healthy children and to investigate how therapy influences the levels of specific antibodies. PROCEDURE: A group of 40 children, diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or solid tumor (ST), followed in Poznan University of Medical Sciences Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, were recruited for evaluation of humoral immunity. Antibody levels were checked before treatment and 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. RESULTS: In patients with ALL or ST, levels of IgG against tetanus and diphtheria were significantly lower than in the control group. Among ALL patients, 9% remained negative for tetanus and diphtheria antibodies 12 months after therapy. Among patients with ST 3 months after chemotherapy, there were no protective antibodies in 12% against tetanus, and in 18% against diphtheria. All patients reconstituted immunity 6 and 12 months after therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that a considerable number of cancer patients lose immunity against diphtheria and tetanus after therapy. Compared to ST, patients with ALL lose protective antibody levels more often. Patients with ST reconstituted antibodies after the treatment cessation, while levels in ALL patients remained low.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Toxoide Diftérico/administração & dosagem , Imunidade Humoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/sangue , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamento farmacológico , Toxoide Tetânico/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/imunologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Toxoide Diftérico/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Polônia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/imunologia , Toxoide Tetânico/imunologia , Fatores de Tempo
8.
Cent Eur J Immunol ; 40(1): 91-5, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26155189

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic pathogen causing pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), a life-threatening infection, in immunocompromised patients. In this study, retrospective analysis of the presence of P. jirovecii DNA in different samples collected from children with suspected PCP was carried out. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three hundred and six specimens [152 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens, 80 blood specimens, 18 bronchial secretions (BS), 34 induced sputum samples, 10 endotracheal aspirates (ETA), and 12 other type samples] obtained from patients with suspected PCP were examined by real-time PCR. RESULTS: Forty (13.1%) patients were positive for P. jirovecii: 4 (7.7%) patients with malignancies, 3 (6.8%) transplant recipients, 15 (23.1%) other immunocompromised patients, and 18 (12.4%) immunocompetent patients. Pneumocystis jirovecii DNA was detected in 20.4% of BAL specimens, 11.1% of BS samples, 10% of ETA sample, 8.8% of induced sputum samples, and in 3.7% of blood samples. Comparing the frequency of the presence of P. jirovecii DNA between the group of children treated with PCP chemoprophylaxis (malignancy patients and transplant recipients) and a group of children not receiving this prophylaxis (other immunocompromised and immunocompetent children), we found that the occurrence of PCP was twice as high in the latter group of children (7.3% and 15.7%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory samples, such as BS, BAL, or ETA specimens, are the material of choice for the diagnosis of PCP. Due to high incidence of PCP in certain groups of immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, besides cancer patients and transplant recipients, consideration of PCP prophylaxis is required in these groups as well.

9.
Hum Vaccin ; 7(9): 958-65, 2011 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21892005

RESUMO

The HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine (Cervarix®, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals) has been shown to induce a robust immune response in women aged 15-55 years (103514/NCT00196937). This follow-up study is the first report of persistence of immune response and safety profile through 48 months after vaccination in women aged 15-55 years. In this open-label, age-stratified Phase III study in Germany and Poland (105882/NCT00196937), healthy women aged 15-55 years received 3 doses of HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months. Anti-HPV-16/18 seropositivity rates and geometric mean antibody titers (GMTs) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in women aged 15-25 (n=168), 26-45 (n=186) and 46-55 years (n=177) from the time of first vaccination through 48 months. At Month 48, all subjects were seropositive for anti-HPV-16 antibodies and 99.4% were seropositive for anti-HPV-18. Antibody kinetics were as previously reported, with peak response at Month 7 followed by a gradual decline tending towards a plateau in all age groups. Anti-HPV-16/18 GMTs were sustained at Month 48 in all age groups, including women aged 46-55 years in whom GMTs were respectively 11-fold and 5-fold higher than natural infection levels. The vaccine exhibited a clinically acceptable safety profile in all age groups. In summary, the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine induces high and sustained immune responses in women aged 15-55 years, with antibody levels remaining several-fold higher than natural infection levels for at least 4 years after the first vaccine dose.


Assuntos
Papillomavirus Humano 16/imunologia , Papillomavirus Humano 18/imunologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/imunologia , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/uso terapêutico , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/imunologia , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto Jovem
11.
Przegl Lek ; 66(10): 777-82, 2009.
Artigo em Polonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20301935

RESUMO

Smoking is a commonly recognized risk factor of civilization diseases. The number of damaging compounds, including carcinogenetic, inhaled by a smoker and exhaled, is directly proportional to a number of smoked cigarettes. Currently 32% of the Polish adult population smoke tobacco (38% males and 26% females), which is a serious social and healthy issue. The aim of study was to recognition opinions about smoking and motivations to quit. Altogether 384 adults participated in the survey. 207 were smokers and 177 people who had quit. Author contrasted two groups of the respondents to find out the differences. For the both groups the most important motivations to smoking cessatiom were healthy reasons independent of sex, age and education.


Assuntos
Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevenção do Hábito de Fumar , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Motivação , Polônia/epidemiologia , Vigilância da População , Fumar/epidemiologia , Fumar/psicologia , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/psicologia
12.
Vaccine ; 27(4): 581-7, 2009 Jan 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19022320

RESUMO

The immunogenicity and safety of an HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine were assessed in women aged 26-55 years and compared with women aged 15-25 years in a Phase III, non-randomised, open-label, age-stratified study. Overall the vaccine was well tolerated and 100% seropositivity was achieved 1 month after the third dose in all age groups. There was a high correlation between HPV-16 and HPV-18 antibody levels (IgG) in cervicovaginal secretions and sera, regardless of age. The HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine induces a robust and persistent immune response in women >26 years of age and generates antibodies that transudate through the cervix epithelium.


Assuntos
Infecções por Papillomavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus , Displasia do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Feminino , Papillomavirus Humano 16/efeitos dos fármacos , Papillomavirus Humano 16/imunologia , Papillomavirus Humano 18/efeitos dos fármacos , Papillomavirus Humano 18/imunologia , Humanos , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/administração & dosagem , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/efeitos adversos , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/química , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/imunologia , Segurança , Adulto Jovem , Displasia do Colo do Útero/imunologia
13.
Vaccine ; 26(41): 5296-303, 2008 Sep 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18675870

RESUMO

In a phase III, double blind, randomized, noninferiority, multi-centre clinical trial, 817 infants were included and randomly assigned to vaccination with DTaP-IPV(Vero) (N=410) or DTaP-IPV(Mkc) (N=407) vaccines (Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Denmark) in the right thigh. All infants were vaccinated with Act-HIB (Sanofi Pasteur, France) in the left thigh at the same time. The vaccination schedule was 2, 3.5, 5 and 16 months and serum samples were obtained at 6, 16 and 17 months. The primary objective was to demonstrate noninferiority of DTaP-IPV(Vero) to DTaP-IPV(Mkc) as regards immunological protection against polio virus types 1, 2 and 3. Furthermore, the immunogenicity of all vaccine antigens and the safety profile of the vaccines were assessed. The study demonstrated that DTaP-IPV(Vero) was noninferior to DTaP-IPV(Mkc). All antibody concentrations/titres remained at an acceptable level from the end of the primary vaccination series (i.e. 2, 3.5 and 5 months) until the time of the booster vaccination at 16 months. A good booster response was, furthermore, demonstrated for all antigens. No vaccine-related serious adverse events and no injection site granulomas or swelling of the entire thigh occurred. The frequencies of local injection site erythema and swelling as well as systemic adverse events such as fever, irritability, somnolence and decreased appetite were low and acceptable in both treatment groups. In conclusion, DTaP-IPV(Vero) is immunogenic and safe for primary vaccination and for booster vaccination of healthy children.


Assuntos
Vacina contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche/imunologia , Vacinas Anti-Haemophilus/imunologia , Esquemas de Imunização , Vacina Antipólio de Vírus Inativado/imunologia , Toxoide Tetânico/imunologia , Criança , Vacina contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche/administração & dosagem , Vacina contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Vacinas Anti-Haemophilus/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Anti-Haemophilus/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Imunização Secundária , Lactente , Masculino , Vacina Antipólio de Vírus Inativado/administração & dosagem , Vacina Antipólio de Vírus Inativado/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Combinadas/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Combinadas/imunologia , Vacinas Conjugadas/administração & dosagem
16.
Med Pr ; 57(3): 235-8, 2006.
Artigo em Polonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17125028

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in the general population of Poland is still quite high as compared to the "old" Fifteen of the European Union. In Poland, occupational TB has recently been diagnosed almost entirely among medical personnel and social workers. The aim of the study was to analyze TB epidemiology in the province of Wielkopolska, taking account of the largest pulmonological hospital in this region. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis was based on the data contained in the occupational disease certification forms collected by the State Sanitary Inspection for the province of Wielkopolska as well as on the data on TB incidence and employment of workers derived from the largest hospital of pulmonological and phthisiological profile. RESULTS: In the Wielkopolska region, 7 cases (17.5%) of occupational TB in men and 33 cases (82.5%) in women were found in 1999-2003. In those years, TB incidence was not significantly higher among physicians (18.6/100,000/year) and nurses (26.9/100,000/year) than in the general population (20.4/100,000/year) of this region. In the study population, age was a significant factor influencing the incidence of occupational TB. Nurses were the occupational group that was at particular high risk of TB at the young age (mean, 34.4 +/- 6.5 years). Physicians fell ill much later--the mean age of diagnosing TB in this group was 53.8 +/- 12.1 years. In the hospital under study (median number of employees in the years 1997-2003 was 419 persons), the median morbidity from TB was 4.7 cases/1000 employees/year; 7.1/1000 physicians/year; and 3.9/nurses/year in 1997-2003. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this analysis confirmed the influence of age and character of the medical institution on TB epidemiology among medical personnel. In this paper the problems of epidemiology of certified cases of occupational tuberculosis are also discussed.


Assuntos
Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Tuberculose/transmissão , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Hospitais Gerais , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Corpo Clínico Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Profissionais/diagnóstico , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Polônia/epidemiologia , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/transmissão
17.
Pol J Pathol ; 57(2): 117-30, 2006.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17019975

RESUMO

Mortal cases of acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in the form of mononucleosis have been seldom described and used to be related to complications of the disease. In this report, the case of a 3-year-old girl is described, with severe form of infectious mononucleosis, deceased in the course of respiratory-circulatory insufficiency with a sudden cessation of heart action. Particular attention was given to histological lesions, phenotype of inflammatory cells and to expression of proteins and EBV RNAs (EBERs) in tissues, examined using immunocytochemical techniques and in situ hybridization. Histological patterns were dominated by massive lymphocyte infiltrates (mostly CD45RO+ and CD3+ cells), mainly in lungs and in liver and, less pronounced, in kidneys and in leptomeninx. Lymphocyte proliferation exhibited polyclonal character: both lambda and kappa chains were present. No myeloblastic differentiation could be demonstrated. The EBV proteins, as well as EBV RNAs (EBERs) were detected both in small lymphocytes B and in enlarged (blast) cells, frequently resembling Reed-Sternberg cells. In our tissue material co-expression of the two proteins (EBNA2+, LMP1+) and EBER has been demonstrated in every organ, in accordance to the latency III pattern described by other authors.


Assuntos
Herpesvirus Humano 4/isolamento & purificação , Mononucleose Infecciosa/patologia , Mononucleose Infecciosa/virologia , Pré-Escolar , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Humanos , Hibridização In Situ , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfonodos/virologia , Linfócitos/patologia , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular , RNA Viral/análise , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/análise , Proteínas Ribossômicas/análise
18.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol ; 44(2): 103-10, 2006.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16805135

RESUMO

The studies performed till now have pointed to an increased serum levels of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The present study was aimed at examining intrahepatic expression of IL-2 in children (n=15) and in adults (n=11) with chronic hepatitis C as well as its correlations with histological lesions and selected clinical data. The immunocytochemical techniques and in situ hybridization method were applied at light and electron microscopy level. Under the light microscope, expression of IL-2 was analysed semiquantitatively. As compared to the control material, in livers of both groups of chronic hepatitis C patients augmented expression of IL-2 was demonstrated. The reaction product was localized mainly in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes which was confirmed by hybridocytochemistry. The mean proportion of cells with positive reaction for IL-2 mRNA was significantly lower than the proportion of cells positive for the respective protein. No correlation was disclosed between IL-2 expression on one hand and grading or staging, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and HCV RNA levels in serum on the other. At the ultrastructural level, IL-2 in hepatocytes was present mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Our studies have confirmed augmented expression of IL-2 in livers of patients with chronic hepatitis C and have demonstrated that hepatocytes represent the principal source of the cytokine in HCV in vivo infection. Moreover, expression of IL-2 in the infection was examined for the first time at the ultrastructural level. Mitochondrial localization of IL-2 suggests a direct involvement of the cytokine in disturbed function of the organelles.


Assuntos
Hepatite C Crônica/metabolismo , Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Alanina Transaminase/metabolismo , Biópsia , Criança , Feminino , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Hepatócitos/patologia , Hepatócitos/ultraestrutura , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Hibridização In Situ , Interleucina-2/genética , Masculino , Microscopia Imunoeletrônica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , RNA Viral/análise , RNA Viral/genética
19.
Med Pr ; 56(1): 63-8, 2005.
Artigo em Polonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15998007

RESUMO

This article presents problems involved in the prevention of tuberculosis, which is essential in the practice of occupational medicine physicians. Tuberculosis prevention is an important issue since TB morbidity in Poland is relatively high compared with other European countries. The authors discuss TB risk factors among health care workers, epidemiology of tuberculosis as an occupational disease in European countries, including Poland, and the principles of medical prevention.


Assuntos
Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Serviços de Saúde do Trabalhador/normas , Saúde Ocupacional , Medicina do Trabalho/normas , Médicos/normas , Tuberculose/prevenção & controle , Europa (Continente) , Humanos , Polônia , Fatores de Risco , Tuberculose/etiologia
20.
Liver Int ; 25(4): 896-903, 2005 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15998442

RESUMO

AIMS AND METHODS: The cellular localization of hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins in chronic hepatitis C remains a debatable issue. Aim of the studies included cellular and subcellular localization of two HCV proteins, NS3 and C protein, in liver biopsies from 20 children with chronic hepatitis C employing commercially available monoclonal antibodies and a semiquantitative technique of the proteins expression. In the studies advantage was taken of (Strept)avidin-biotin peroxidase complex and ImmunoMax technique. RESULTS: The cytoplasmic localization of both proteins dominated over nuclear localization. The total amount of NS3 protein exceeded that of C protein. At the ultrastructural level, we observed both proteins in endoplasmic reticulum membranes and mitochondria, but small amount of both proteins was seen also in cell nuclei. The amount of either protein did not correlate with liver histology in our patients. No correlation could be disclosed between content of both proteins and HCV RNA levels in serum. Content of NS3 demonstrated negative correlation with activity of alanine transaminase. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the new aspect in present studies involved localization of C and NS3 proteins at the levels of light and electron microscopy in children. For the first time also intramitochondrial localization of NS3 protein was demonstrated.


Assuntos
Hepacivirus , Hepatite C Crônica/metabolismo , Proteínas do Core Viral/metabolismo , Proteínas não Estruturais Virais/metabolismo , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Biópsia , Criança , Citoplasma/metabolismo , Citoplasma/ultraestrutura , Feminino , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepacivirus/metabolismo , Hepatite C Crônica/patologia , Hepatócitos/metabolismo , Hepatócitos/ultraestrutura , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , RNA Viral/análise , Estudos Retrospectivos
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