[Injury characteristics and therapeutic strategy of patients injured in "8·8" Jiuzhaigou earthquake].

Objective: To summarize the injury characteristics and therapeutic strategy of patients injured in "8·8" Jiuzhaigou earthquake. Methods: The clinical data of 48 patients injured in "8·8" Jiuzhaigou earthquake who were admitted to Mianyang Central Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. There were 25 males and 23 females with an average age of 36 years (range, 5-87 years). The average interval from injury to admission was 30 hours (range, 3-53 hours). The patients from Sichuan province accounted for 45.8% (22 cases), from other province for 52.1% (25 cases), and from abroad for 2.1% (1 case). Patients were primarily hurted by collapsing houses and flying stones. Thirty-seven patients (77.1%) had single injury, mainly involving 36 patients (75.0%) in limbs, and the other 11 patients (22.9%) had multiple injuries. Ten patients (20.8%) had open fractures, including 1 case rated as typeⅠ, 2 as typeⅡ, 3 as type Ⅲa, 2 as type Ⅲb, and 2 as type Ⅲc according to Gustilo classification criteria. The abbreviated injury scale (AIS) score was 2-3 in 37 patients of single injury, and the injury severity score (ISS) was 8-22 (mean, 13.2) in 11 patients of multiple injuries. Sixteen patients (33.3%) were diagnosed as mental disorders by Hamilton rating scale for anxiety (HAMA), including 8 cases had their anxiety scores≥29, 4 cases of 21-28, 3 cases of 14-20, and 1 case of 7-13. Of the 16 patients, 2 showed suicidal tendency. Results: Except 2 referrals, 30 patients received operationï¼»28 patients (93.3%) for orthopaedic surgeriesï¼½and 16 patients received conservative treatment. The procedures included internal fixation, soft tissue debridement, external fixation, bipolar femoral head replacement, embolization of carotid cavernous sinus arteriovenous fistula, and amputation. Among the 46 patients treated in this hospital, 21 discharged from hospital at 2-12 days (mean, 6.7 days) after admission, the others received further rehabilitation in this hospital or local hospital. No undesirable consequence occurred in 16 patients with mental disorders. Five cases of infection occurred out of hospital were cured after debridement. No dead and nosocomial infection case reported. Conclusion: Intensive treatment, specialist management, multidisciplinary team, and early intervention of nosocomial infection and deep venous thrombosis are the key to improve the general level of successful earthquake medical rescue.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and the Risk of Prostate Cancer and Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has been suggested to be a risk factor for certain urologic cancers, but the current evidence is inconsistent.The aim of this study was to investigate the association between BPH and urologic cancers.MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for potential eligible studies.We included case-control studies or cohort studies, which evaluated the association between BPH and urologic cancers (including prostate cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, testicular cancer, or penile cancer).Overall effect estimates were calculated using the DerSimonian-Laird method for a random-effects model. Summary effect-size was calculated as risk ratio (RR), together with the 95% confidence interval (CI).This systematic review included 16 case-control studies and 10 cohort studies evaluating the association of BPH and prostate or bladder cancer; we did not identify any study about other urologic cancers. Meta-analyses demonstrated that BPH was associated with an increased incidence of prostate cancer (case-control study: RR = 3.93, 95% CI = 2.18-7.08; cohort-study: RR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.00-1.99) and bladder cancer (case-control study: RR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.63-3.84; cohort-study: RR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.28-1.95). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity suggested that the association between BPH and prostate cancer was much stronger in Asians (RR = 6.09, 95% CI = 2.96-12.54) than in Caucasians (RR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.19-2.01). Egger's tests indicated low risk of publication bias (prostate cancer: P = 0.11; bladder cancer: P = 0.95).BPH is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer and bladder cancer. The risk of prostate cancer is particularly high in Asian BPH patients. Given the limitations of included studies, additional prospective studies with strict design are needed to confirm our findings.