Synergistic effect between In2O3 and ZrO2 in the reverse water gas shift reaction.

Efficient activation of CO2 at low temperature was achieved through the interface effect between In2O3 and ZrO2 by their geometric and electronic effects. The results show that 75In2O3-25ZrO2 (In2O3 : ZrO2 molar ratio of 3 : 1), as a catalyst for the reverse water gas shift reaction, can achieve 28% CO2 conversion with 96% CO selectivity at 400 °C, 0.1 MPa, a H2 : CO2 molar ratio of 3 : 1 and a gas hourly space velocity of 10 000 mL g-1 h-1. In situ FTIR experiments provide a basis for clarifying the pivotal role of formate (facilitated at In2O3-ZrO2 interface) in this reaction.

[Therapeutic mechanism of basic fibroblast growth factor on spinal cord injury in rats based on the Notch/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway].

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats and the influence of Notch/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. Methods: A total of 40 10-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were selected to establish T 10-segment SCI model by a free falling object. Among them, 32 successful models were randomly divided into model group and bFGF group, with 16 in each group. Another 16 SD rats were selected as sham-operation group, with only T 10 processes, dura mater, and spinal cord exposed. After modeling, the rats in bFGF group were intraperitoneally injected with 100 µg/kg bFGF (once a day for 28 days), and the rats in model group and sham-operation group were injected with normal saline in the same way. The survival of rats in each group were observed after modeling. Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores were performed before modeling and at immediate, 14 days, and 28 days after modeling to evaluate the functional recovery of hind limbs. Then, the spinal cord tissue at the site of injury was taken at 28 days and stained with HE, Nissl, and propidium iodide (PI) to observe the pathological changes, neuronal survival (number of Nissl bodies) and apoptosis (number of PI red stained cells) of the spinal cord tissue; immunohistochemical staining and ELISA were used to detect the levels of astrocyte activation markers [glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)] and inflammatory factors [interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon γ (IFN-γ)] in tissues, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Notch/STAT3 signaling pathway related proteins [Notch, STAT3, phosphoryl-STAT3 (p-STAT3), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)] in tissues. Results: All rats survived until the experiment was completed. At immediate after modeling, the BBB scores in model group and bFGF group significantly decreased when compared to sham-operation group ( P<0.05). At 14 and 28 days after modeling, the BBB scores in model group significantly decreased when compared to sham-operation group ( P<0.05); the bFGF group showed an increase compared to model group ( P<0.05). Compared with before modeling, the BBB scores of model group and bFGF group decreased at immediate after modeling, and gradually increased at 14 and 28 days, the differences between different time points were significant ( P<0.05). The structure of spinal cord tissue in sham-operation group was normal; in model group, there were more necrotic lesions in the spinal cord tissue and fewer Nissl bodies with normal structures; the number of necrotic lesions in the spinal cord tissue of the bFGF group significantly reduced compared to the model group, and some normally structured Nissl bodies were visible. Compared with sham-operation group, the number of Nissl bodies in spinal cord tissue significantly decreased, the number of PI red stained cells, GFAP, IL-1ß, TNF-α, IFN-γ, Notch, p-STAT3 /STAT3, BMP-2 protein expression levels significantly increased in model group ( P<0.05). The above indexes in bFGF group significantly improved when compared with model group ( P<0.05). Conclusion: bFGF can improve motor function and pathological injury repair of spinal cord tissue in SCI rats, improve neuronal survival, and inhibit neuronal apoptosis, excessive activation of astrocytes in spinal cord tissue and inflammatory response, the mechanism of which may be related to the decreased activity of Notch/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Reverse design of haptens based on antigen spatial conformation to prepare anti-capsaicinoids&gingerols antibodies for monitoring of gutter cooking oil.

Rapid simultaneous detection of multi-component adulteration markers can improve the accuracy of identification of gutter cooking oil in edible oil, which is made possible by broad-spectrum antibody (bs-mAb). This study used capsaicinoids (CPCs) and gingerol derivatives (GDs) as adulteration markers, and two broad-spectrum haptens (bs-haptens) were designed and synthesized based on a reverse design strategy of molecular docking. Electrostatic potential (ESP) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) preparation verified the strategy's feasibility. To further investigate the recognition mechanism, five other reported antigens and mAbs were also used. Finally, the optimal combination (Hapten 5-OVA/1-F12) and key functional groups (f-groups) were determined. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for CPCs-GDs was between 88.13 and 499.16 ng/mL. Meanwhile, a preliminary lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) study made practical monitoring possible. The study provided a theoretical basis for the virtual screening of bs-haptens and simultaneous immunoassay of multiple exogenous markers to monitor gutter oil rapidly and accurately.

Doxorubicin-loaded PEG-CdTe QDs conjugated with anti-CXCR4 mAbs: a novel delivery system for extramedullary multiple myeloma treatment.

Extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM) is defined as the presence of plasma cells outside the bone marrow of multiple myeloma patients, and its prognosis is poor. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation, as a good option on early lines of therapy, has retained the survival benefit of youny EMM patients, but is intolerant for the majority of old patients because of drug cytotoxicity. To essentially address the intolerance above, we designed a CXCR4-PEG-CdTe-DOX (where CXCR4: chemokine receptor 4; PEG-CdTe: polyethylene glycol-modified cadmium telluride; DOX:doxorubicin) nanoplatform. First, CXCR4 is highly expressed in extramedullary plasma cells. Second, PEG-CdTe a drug carrier that controls drug release, can reduce adverse reactions, prolong drug (e.g, DOX) circulation time in the body, and form a targeting carrier after connecting antibodies. In vitro experiments showed CXCR4-PEG-CdTe-DOX facilitated intracellular drug accumulation through active CXCR4 targeting and released DOX into the microenvironment in a pH-controlled manner, enhancing the therapeutic efficacy and apoptosis rate of myeloma cells (U266). Therefore, targeted chemotherapy mediated by CXCR4-PEG-CdTe-DOX is a promising option for EMM treatment.

Catalytic hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide in blast furnace gas over Sm-Ce-Ox@ZrO2 catalyst.

Carbonyl sulfur (COS) is a prominent organic sulfur pollutant commonly found in the by-product gas generated by the steel industry. A series of Sm-doped CeOx@ZrO2 catalysts were prepared for the hydrolysis catalytic removal of COS. The results showed that the addition of Sm resulted in the most significant enhancement of hydrolysis catalytic activity. The 3% Sm2O3-Ce-Ox@ZrO2 catalyst exhibited the highest activity, achieving a hydrolysis catalytic efficiency of 100% and H2S selectivity of 100% within the temperature range of 90-180 °C. The inclusion of Sm had the effect of reducing the acidity of the catalyst while increasing weak basic sites, which facilitated the adsorption and activation of COS molecules at low temperatures. Appropriate doping of Sm proved beneficial in converting active surface chemisorbed oxygen into lattice oxygen, thereby decreasing the oxidation of intermediate products and maintaining the stability of the hydrolysis reaction.

Association between bilirubin and chronic kidney disease in hypertensive patients: The China hypertension registry study.

Limited data exists on the association between Direct bilirubin (DBIL) and Indirect bilirubin (IBIL) with the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among patients with hypertension. This study aimed to assess the relationship between DBIL and IBIL with the risk of CKD in a cohort of Chinese adults diagnosed with hypertension. This study included 14 182 Chinese patients with hypertension between the ages of 27 and 96. CKD, the outcome variable, was defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 . The study employed multivariate linear and multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate the correlation between DBIL and IBIL with the risk of CKD. The prevalence of CKD in the study population was 9.77%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the increase in DBIL (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.71) and IBIL (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.81) were independently and negatively correlated with CKD. Further analyses using a restricted cubic spline (smooth-fitting curve) confirmed the linearly negative association between DBIL and IBIL with the risk of CKD. The subgroup analysis showed that the correlation between IBIL and CKD was stronger among men and populations <65 years of age (p for interaction <.05). DBIL and IBIL were independently and negatively associated with CKD. Furthermore, the correlation between DBIL and IBIL with CKD in the hypertensive population is more significant in those under 65 years of age. These findings may inform future strategies for the management of CKD.

CCDC103 as a Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Tumor Progression and Immune Infiltration in Glioma.

Background: The Coiled-coil domain-containing proteins (CCDCs) are expressed in many cancers, but the role of Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 103 (CCDC103) in cancers remains unclear. Further investigations are necessary to ascertain its diagnostic significance and understand its biological function in cancers. This study aims to elucidate the biological functionalities of CCDC103 in glioma and evaluate the correlation between CCDC103 expression with glioma progression. Methods: Clinical data on glioma patients were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The evaluation encompassed the examination of correlations between CCDC103 expression, pathological characteristics, and clinical outcomes. Furthermore, the analysis included the assessment of the correlations between CCDC103 expression and immune cell infiltration as well as glioma progression. Results: Gliomas have higher levels of CCDC103 expression than the para-carcinoma tissues. Poorer prognosis, unfavorable histological characteristics, the absence of IDH gene mutations, and the absence of chromosome 1p and 19q deletions were all associated with higher expression of CCDC103 in gliomas. In addition to patient age, tumor grade, the absence of IDH mutations, and the absence of chromosome 1p and 19q deletions, univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed that CCDC103 expression was independently prognostic of overall survival, disease-free survival, and progression-free survival in patients with glioma. Furthermore, tumor infiltration of B cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells were all linked with elevated expression of CCDC103. High CCDC103 expression was linked to immune response-related signaling pathways and cell proliferation, according to gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Notably, the knockdown of CCDC103 in glioma cell lines resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation and migration. Conclusion: The correlation between CCDC103 expression and both glioma progression and immune cell infiltration implies that CCDC103 expression holds promise as a valuable prognostic biomarker for glioma.

Fungal corneal ulcer after repair of an overhanging filtering bleb: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Overhanging filtering bleb is a common complication after trabeculectomy and surgical repair is an effective treatment when the patient presents with apparent symptoms. Filtering bleb relevant infection including in the filtering bleb itself and even endophthalmitis in some severe cases has been reported. However, corneal fungal infection after filtering bleb repair is rarely reported. CASE SUMMARY: A 57-year-old Chinese man who had sensations of redness and foreign body sensations in the left eye 3 wk after repair of overhanging filtering bleb. 3 wk ago, due to sensations of a foreign body in the left eye for 3 years with worsening for 3 mo. The patient was diagnosed as overhanging filtering bleb and underwent a repair of overhanging filtering bleb. Postoperative, the filtering bleb formed well and the intraocular pressure is normal. But the patient gradually develop redness, pain and a grey infiltrate of the cornea in the eye. Finally it developed into fungal corneal ulcer. Through asking the medical history, we found the patient had irregularly self-medicated for years with glucocorticoid eye drops for years to relieve the foreign body sensation in the eye caused by filtering bleb overhanging. Because the glucocorticoid eye drops he used years ago had provide normal sensation to the eye. After 3 mo of anti-fungal treatment, the inflammation was controlled. CONCLUSION: In addition to avoiding the development of overhanging filtering bleb after trabeculectomy, the present case report also suggests that clinicians should pay more attention to the patient's ocular self-medication history. Particularly in patients with a history of glaucoma or eye surgery. Because these patients may be exposed to more types of eye drops than other individuals, they may select the wrong medications for long-term use, based on their previous experience.

BTN2A2, a new biomarker and therapeutic target for glioma.

BACKGROUND: Protein casein 2A2 (BTN2A2) is a costimulatory molecule first identified in antigen-presenting cells. Studies have shown the involvement of BTN2A2 in immunity. However, the exact role and the mechanism of BTN2A2 in tumors are still unclear. METHODS: First, we performed real-time PCR to measure BTN2A2 expression in glioma cell lines. Next, we performed Genes Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to understand the mechanism of BTN2A2 in glioma. Next, we used the "ESTIMATE", "ssGSEA" and "CIBERSORT" algorithms to analyze the correlation between BTN2A2 and immune cell infiltration (ICI). Finally, we performed immunohistochemistry, growth curve, transwell, and colony formation assays to determine the functions of BTN2A2 in glioma. RESULTS: Our results showed an increase in BTN2A2 expression levels in glioma tissues and cells. Next, we determined that BTN2A2 was correlated with the prognosis of patients with glioma. Then, using the ESTIMATE, ssGSEA, and CIBERSORT algorithms, we discovered that BTN2A2 was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration (ICI) in glioma. We observed an increase in BTN2A2 expression levels with an increase in the patient's tumor grade. Furthermore, BTN2A2 significantly enhanced the proliferative and migratory abilities of glioma cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed a significant increase in BTN2A2 expression levels in glioma cells and tissues. Furthermore, the prognosis of patients expressing high BTN2A2 levels was poor. Moreover, BTN2A2 was correlated with progression and ICI in patients with glioma. Together, this indicates that BTN2A2 could be a therapeutic target for patients with glioma.

Long noncoding RNA DLEU1 promotes proliferation and glycolysis of gastric cancer cells via APOC1 upregulation by recruiting SMYD2 to induce trimethylation of H3K4 modification.

OBJECTIVES: APOC1 has been reported to promote tumor progression. Nevertheless, its impact on cell proliferation and glycolysis in gastric cancer (GC) remains to be probed. Hence, this study explored the related impacts and mechanisms. METHODS: DLEU1, SMYD2, and APOC1 expression was detected in GC cells. Afterward, ectopic expression and knockdown experiments were conducted in GC cells, followed by measurement of cell proliferation, glucose uptake capability, lactic acid production, ATP content, extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and GLUT1, HK2, and LDHA expression. In addition, interactions between DLEU1 and SMYD2 were analyzed with RIP and RNA pull down assays, and the binding of SMYD2 to APOC1 promoter and the methylation modification of SMYD2 in H3K4me3 were assessed with a ChIP assay. The ectopic tumor formation experiment in nude mice was conducted for in vivo validation. RESULTS: DLEU1, SMYD2, and APOC1 were highly expressed in GC cells. The downregulation of DLEU1 or APOC1 inhibited glucose uptake capability, lactic acid production, ECAR, the expression of GLUT1, HK2, and LDHA, ATP contents, and proliferation but augmented OCR in GC cells, which was also verified in animal experiments. Mechanistically, DLEU1 interacted with SMYD2 and recruited SMYD2 to APOC1 promoter to promote H3K4me3 modification, thus facilitating APOC1 expression. Furthermore, the effects of DLEU1 silencing on GC cell proliferation and glycolysis were negated by overexpressing SMYD2 or APOC1. CONCLUSION: LncRNA DLEU1 recruited SMYD2 to upregulate APOC1 expression, thus boosting GC cell proliferation and glycolysis.

[Cost-benefit analysis on the intervention of application iron-fortified soy sauce for anemia in Deqing 15-54 years women, Zhejiang].

OBJECTIVE: To make a cost-benefit analysis on anemia intervention with iron-fortified soy sauce in 15-54 years old women. METHODS: The study was conducted in Deqing county, Zhejiang province in 2012-2013. A total 585 women as sampling size were estimated with statistical model and randomly selected by probability proportionate to size sampling. Hemoglobin were measured before intervention and after 15 months. The cost of the intervention project were collected with manpower, communication and other invest. The benefit was estimated with profiling model. RESULTS: After the intervention, the anemia prevalence of sampled women decreased from 31.1% to 21.9%(P<0.01). The major cost of the project was 156 400 RMB, and total benefits result ing from projects were 1 448 485 RMB. The cost-benefit ratio of the project is 1∶9.49. If investing one yuan can produce economic benefits of nearly 9.49 yuan, therefore, the intervention projectis worth to be scaling up. Sensitivity analysis showed the result of this study was stable. CONCLUSION: The intervention can significantly reduce the prevalence of anemia in women, and reduce the economic burden of the diseases. .

Comprehensive analysis identifies cuproptosis-related gene DLAT as a potential prognostic and immunological biomarker in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Cuproptosis is a regulated cell death form associated with tumor progression, clinical outcomes, and immune response. However, the role of cuproptosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the implications of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in PAAD by integrated bioinformatic methods and clinical validation. METHODS: Gene expression data and clinical information were downloaded from UCSC Xena platform. We analyzed the expression, mutation, methylation, and correlations of CRGs in PAAD. Then, based on the expression profiles of CRGs, patients were divided into 3 groups by consensus clustering algorithm. Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (DLAT) was chosen for further exploration, including prognostic analysis, co-expression analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and immune landscape analysis. The DLAT-based risk model was established by Cox and LASSO regression analysis in the training cohort, and then verified in the validation cohort. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were performed to examine the expression levels of DLAT in vitro and in vivo, respectively. RESULTS: Most CRGs were highly expressed in PAAD. Among these genes, increased DLAT could serve as an independent risk factor for survival. Co-expression network and functional enrichment analysis indicated that DLAT was engaged in multiple tumor-related pathways. Moreover, DLAT expression was positively correlated with diverse immunological characteristics, such as immune cell infiltration, cancer-immunity cycle, immunotherapy-predicted pathways, and inhibitory immune checkpoints. Submap analysis demonstrated that DLAT-high patients were more responsive to immunotherapeutic agents. Notably, the DLAT-based risk score model possessed high accuracy in predicting prognosis. Finally, the upregulated expression of DLAT was verified by RT-qPCR and IHC assays. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a DLAT-based model to predict patients' clinical outcomes and demonstrated that DLAT was a promising prognostic and immunological biomarker in PAAD, thereby providing a new possibility for tumor therapy.

Residual or recurrent obstruction after septal myectomy in young children and infants with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The outcomes after septal myectomy in young children and infants with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) are not clear. The study sought to report the outcomes after septal myectomy in young children and infants and identify the mechanisms of residual or recurrent obstruction after surgery. METHODS: The authors performed an observational cohort study of children and infants under the age of 14 who underwent septal myectomy for HCOM from January 2013 to December 2020. Mean follow-up among 94.3% ( n =50) of hospital survivors was 42.09±24.38 months. RESULTS: In total, 56 children and infants [mean (SD) age, 5.38 (3.78) years; 29 (58.1%) were male] underwent septal myectomy for HOCM. Cumulative survival was 100, 96.6, 93.0, and 81.4% at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years, respectively, among hospital survivors. The incidence of residual and recurrent obstruction was 14.3% (8/56) and 13.0% (6/46), respectively. The mechanisms of residual obstruction were identified as subaortic obstruction caused by inadequacy of previous septal excision in two patients, midventricular obstruction caused by inadequacy of septal excision in five patients, and untreated abnormal papillary muscles in one patient. Recurrent obstruction was caused by isolated midventricular obstruction ( n =4) and newly emerged systolic anterior motion (SAM)-related subaortic obstruction combining abnormal mitral valve apparatus ( n =2). Residual or recurrent obstruction was associated with age less than 2 years at surgery (OR=6.157, 95% CI: 1.487-25.487, P =0.012) and biventricular outflow obstruction (OR=6.139, 95% CI: 1.292-29.172, P =0.022). Recurrent obstruction was associated with age less than 2 years at surgery (OR=6.976, 95% CI: 1.233-39.466, P =0.028). CONCLUSIONS: Septal myectomy is still effective and safe in young children and infants. The rate of residual or recurrent obstruction with diverse causes is relatively high, which is more likely to occur in children aged less than 2 years at surgery and those with biventricular obstruction.

Prediction and visualization of gene modulated ultralow cadmium accumulation in brown rice grains by hyperspectral imaging.

Monitoring (including prediction and visualization) the gene modulated cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice grains is one of the most important steps for identification of key transporter genes responsible for grain Cd accumulation and breeding low grain-Cd-accumulating rice cultivars. A method to predict and visualize the gene modulated ultralow Cd accumulation in brown rice grains based on the hyperspectral image (HSI) technology is proposed in this study. Firstly, the Vis-NIR HSIs of brown rice grain samples with 48Cd content levels induced by gene modulation (ranging from 0.0637 to 0.1845 mg/kg) are collected using HSI system. Then, Kernel-ridge (KRR) and random forest (RFR) regression models based on full spectral data and the data after feature dimension reduction (FDR) with kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) algorithms are established to predict the Cd contents. RFR model shows poor performance due to the over-fitting based on the full spectral data, while the KRR model can obtain a good predict accuracy with Rp2 of 0.9035, RMSEP of 0.0037 and RPD of 3.278. After the FDR of the full spectral data, the RFR model combined with TSVD reaches the optimum prediction accuracy with Rp2 of 0.9056, RMSEP of 0.0074 and RPD of 3.318, and the best prediction precision of KRR model can also be further enhanced by TSVD with Rp2 of 0.9224, RMSEP of 0.0067 and RPD of 3.512. Finally, the visualization of the predicted Cd accumulation in brown rice grains are realized based on the best regression model (KRR + TSVD). The results of this work indicate that Vis-NIR HSI has great potential for detection and visualization gene modulation induced ultralow Cd accumulation and transport in rice crops.

The function of miR-637 in non-small cell lung cancer progression and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. miR-637 has been reported to regulate tumor progression and act as a prognosis biomarker of various cancers. Its functional role in NSCLC was investigated in this study. METHODS: The expression level of miR-637 in NSCLC tissues and adjacent normal tissues of 123 NSCLC patients was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The association between miR-637 and clinical pathological features in the prognosis of patients was analyzed. Cell transfection was performed to overexpress or knockdown miR-637 in H1299 and HCC827. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of H1299 and HCC827 were evaluated by CCK8 and Transwell assay. RESULTS: miR-637 expression was significantly decreased in NSCLC tissues and cell lines relative to normal tissues and cells. The survival rate of NSCLC patients with low miR-637 expression was lower than that of patients with high miR-637 expression. Additionally, miR-637 served as a tumor suppressor that inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC. CONCLUSION: Downregulation of miR-637 in NSCLC was associated with TNM stage and poor prognosis of patients and served as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC. These results provide a potential strategy to control NSCLC.

Ultra-Strong Comprehensive Radiation Effect Tolerance in Carbon Nanotube Electronics.

Carbon nanotube (CNT) field-effect transistors (FETs) have been considered ideal building blocks for radiation-hard integrated circuits (ICs), the demand for which is exponentially growing, especially in outer space exploration and the nuclear industry. Many studies on the radiation tolerance of CNT-based electronics have focused on the total ionizing dose (TID) effect, while few works have considered the single event effects (SEEs) and displacement damage (DD) effect, which are more difficult to measure but may be more important in practical applications. Measurements of the SEEs and DD effect of CNT FETs and ICs are first executed and then presented a comprehensive radiation effect analysis of CNT electronics. The CNT ICs without special irradiation reinforcement technology exhibit a comprehensive radiation tolerance, including a 1 × 104 MeVcm2 mg-1 level of the laser-equivalent threshold linear energy transfer (LET) for SEEs, 2.8 × 1013 MeV g-1 for DD and 2 Mrad (Si) for TID, which are at least four times higher than those in conventional radiation-hardened ICs. The ultrahigh intrinsic comprehensive radiation tolerance will promote the applications of CNT ICs in high-energy solar and cosmic radiation environments.

Development and validation of four ferroptosis-related gene signatures and their correlations with immune implication in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. This tumor presents with an insidious onset, rapid progression, and frequent recurrence. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered mode of programmed cell death that may play a key role in the progression of HCC. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in HCC and their impact on tumor immune function, thereby providing new insights into targeted therapy for HCC. First, 43 differentially expressed FRGs were identified using the TCGA database, and four prognostically relevant methylation-driven FRGs (G6PD, HELLS, RRM2, and STMN1) were screened via survival and methylation analyses. Gene co-expression, mutation, and clinicopathological characterization indicated that these four pivotal FRGs play essential roles in tumor progression. We also validated these four genes using transcriptomic and proteomic data as well as cohort samples from our patients. Moreover, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves confirmed that the signatures of the four FRGs were independent prognostic factors in HCC. Gene set enrichment analysis of the four FRGs showed statistically significant associations with pathways related to HCC proliferation. Finally, the TIMER and TISIDB databases indicated that the four FRGs were statistically significantly correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immune checkpoint expression. Taken together, this study provides information guiding a novel therapeutic strategy targeting FRGs for HCC treatment.

Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Relation between TRMT112 and Tumor Microenvironment.

Dysregulated epigenetic modifications play a critical role in cancer development where TRMT112 is a member of the transfer RNA (tRNA) methyltransferase family. Till now, no studies have revealed the linkage between TRMT112 expression and diverse types of tumors. Based on TCGA data, we first probed into the relation between TRMT112 and prognosis and the potential role of TRMT112 in tumor microenvironment across 33 types of tumor. TRMT112 presented with increased expression in most cancers, which was significantly prognostic. Furthermore, TRMT112 was associated with tumor-associated fibroblasts in a variety of cancers. Additionally, a positive relationship was identified between TRMT112 expression and multiple tumor-related immune infiltrations, such as dendritic cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, and B cells in lung adenocarcinoma and breast invasive carcinoma. In summary, our results suggest that TRMT112 might be a potential prognostic predictor of cancers and involved in regulating multiple cancer-related immune responses to some extent.

Reduced CXCR4 expression in associated with extramedullary and predicts poor survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma (MM), a bone marrow-resident hematological malignancy of plasma cells, has remained largely incurable despite the recent advancement in novel therapies. The heterogeneity of myeloma cells makes risk stratification of MM important for therapeutic regimen planning. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: No immunohistochemical (IHC) predictive and prognostic marker of MM has been constructed yet. Herein, the prognostic value of chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression in 48 newly diagnosed MM patients was explored using IHC. Correlations between CXCR4 expression and clinical features of MM were analyzed. RESULTS: CXCR4-positive patients significantly outperformed CXCR4-negative patients in both 3-year estimated overall survival (93.8% vs 45.8%, P = 0.0392) and progression-free survival (57.1% vs 40.9%, P = 0.0436). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of extramedullary lesions in CXCR4-negative patients increased significantly compared with CXCR4-positive patients. Plasma cells that reduce CXCR4 expression have poor prognosis and increase the incidence of extramedullary lesions.