Evaluation of the efficacy and surgical-related safety of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in advanced resectable none small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Background: The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has brought about a paradigm shift in the treatment landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite the promising long-term survival outcomes and optimization of pathological complete response (cPR) demonstrated by various studies such as Impower010 and Checkmate-816, the effectiveness of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in advanced resectable NSCLC remains a subject of debate. Although previous research has explored the connection between the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy and surgical-related safety, limited studies have specifically investigated the surgical-related safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Therefore, our study aims to assess the efficacy and surgical-related safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in advanced resectable non-small cell lung cancer. Method: We conducted a retrospective study on a cohort of 93 patients with stage IIIA-IIIC NSCLC who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and surgical resection. Among them, 53 patients received neoadjuvant immunotherapy, 18 patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy while the remaining 22 underwent neoadjuvant targeted therapy. The patients were separated into further groups according to their pathological type. Data analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test. Results: All patients were categorized into six distinct groups. Notably, the neoadjuvant immunotherapy squamous carcinoma group exhibited a favorable edge over the neoadjuvant targeted squamous carcinoma group concerning the duration of drainage tube indwelling and the extent of lymph node dissection. Furthermore, the neoadjuvant immunotherapy adenocarcinoma group outperformed neoadjuvant targeted therapy adenocarcinoma counterpart in terms of achieving complete pathological response (cPR). Simultaneously, the neoadjuvant immunotherapy adenocarcinoma group surpassed the neoadjuvant chemotherapy adenocarcinoma group in the incidence of hydrothorax. Nevertheless, no statistically significant disparities were noted between the neoadjuvant immunotherapy squamous carcinoma group and the neoadjuvant chemotherapy carcinoma group. Conclusion: Regarding surgical outcomes, neoadjuvant immunotherapy conferred notable advantages compared to conventional neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant targeted therapy for patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. In the case of squamous carcinoma, neoadjuvant immunotherapy exhibited superiority over neoadjuvant targeted therapy, although additional evidence is required to conclusively establish its precedence over neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxide@TiO2 Nanorod Heterostructures: Preparation, Characterization, and Application as a Platform for Photoelectrochemical Bioanalysis.

This work reports the first synthesis and characterization of a ferroelectric perovskite oxide-based heterostructure as well as its application for photoelectrochemical (PEC) bioanalytical purposes. Specifically, exemplified by [KNbO3]1- x[BaNi1/2Nb1/2O3-δ] x (KBNNO), the ferroelectric perovskite oxides were prepared by solid-state synthesis, while the TiO2 nanorod (NR) arrays were obtained via a hydrothermal method. Using the technique of pulsed laser deposition (PLD), KBNNO were then deposited on TiO2 NRs to form KBNNO@TiO2 NR heterostructures. Various characterization techniques were applied to reveal compositional and structural information on the as-fabricated sample, and favorable alignment existed between the two components as displayed by the PEC test. In the detection of l-cysteine, the as-fabricated KBNNO@TiO2 NRs demonstrated good performance in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. This work revealed the potential of ferroelectric perovskite oxide and its heterostructures for innovative PEC bioanalytical applications, and we hope it will generate more interest in the development of various ferroelectrics-based heterostructures for advanced PEC bioanalysis.

A novel lable-free electrochemical immunosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen based on gold nanoparticles-thionine-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite film modified glassy carbon electrode.

In this paper, gold nanoparticle-thionine-reduced graphene oxide (GNP-THi-GR) nanocomposites were prepared to design a label-free immunosensor for the sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The nanocomposites with good biocompatibility, excellent redox electrochemical activity and large surface area were coated onto the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface and then CEA antibody (anti-CEA) was immobilized on the electrode to construct the immunosensor. The morphologies and electrochemistry of the formed nanocomposites were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). CV and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) studies demonstrated that the formation of antibody-antigen complexes decreased the peak current of THi in the GNP-THi-GR nanocomposites. The decreased currents were proportional to the CEA concentration in the range of 10-500 pg/mL with a detection limit of 4 pg/mL. The proposed method was simple, fast and inexpensive for the determination of CEA at very low levels.

[Determination of the cysteine residues in the surface-confined biomolecules by using electrochemical desorption and fluorescence detection].

To develop a method for the detection of surface-confined peptides containing cysteine residues or oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) whose 3' ends modified with thiol groups, and a thiol-specific fluorescent cross-linker, N-(9-acridinyl) maleimide (NAM) was used. The peptides studied herein include both the oxidized and reduced forms of glutathione, and a hexapeptide (FT). Peptides are first attached onto the activated 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA)-terminated alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and then derivatized with NAM. The cysteine residues was determined by using electrochemical desorption and fluorescence detection. GSH concentration as low as 40 pmol x L(-1) can be measured. The fluorescence intensity in the case of FT is about 3 times as high as that for GSH, which is consistent with the molar ratio of cysteine residues in these two molecules. The analytical performance of gene analysis was also evaluated through the analyses of a complementary target and targets with varying numbers of mismatching bases. The method described here is simple, sensitive, reproducible, and does not require sophisticated analytical instrumentation and separation procedures.

catena-Poly[[[diaqua-iron(II)]-µ-pyridine-2,5-dicarboxyl-ato-[tetra-aqua-iron(II)]-µ-pyridine-2,5-dicarboxyl-ato] tetra-hydrate].

In the crystal structure of the title compound, {[Fe(2)(C(7)H(3)NO(4))(2)(H(2)O)(6)]·4H(2)O}(n), there are two types of coordination for the Fe(II) atoms. One Fe(II) atom is in a distorted octa-hedral N(2)O(4) environment, with two chelating rings from the pyridine-dicarboxyl-ate ligands and two O atoms from the water mol-ecules, while the other is in a distorted octa-hedral O(6) environment with two O atoms from the pyridine-dicarboxyl-ate ligands and four O atoms from the water mol-ecules. Both Fe(II) atoms lie on crystallographic centers of symmetry. The complex possesses an infinite chain structure running along the [101] direction. These chains are inter-connected by the uncoordinated water mol-ecules through O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.