[Technical exploration and early results of two-port total thoracoscopic aortic-mitral double-valve replacement].

Objective: To examine the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing total thoracoscopic aortic-mitral double-valve replacement. Methods: This is a retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 50 patients who underwent double-valve replacement under a total thoracoscopic two-port approach from November 2021 to August 2022 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. There were 32 males and 18 females, with an age of (55.3±8.8) years (range: 21 to 62 years). Among them, 36 cases had rheumatic heart disease and 14 cases had infective endocarditis. The 3rd intercostal space between the right anterior axillary line and the midclavicular line was selected as the main operating hole, the total thoracoscopic double-valve replacement were successfully carried out. Baseline data, intraoperative information, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications were collected for all patients. Results: The cardiopulmonary bypass time was (168.2±30.9) minutes (range: 125 to 187 minutes), the aortic cross-clamping time was (118.8±16.5) minutes (range: 96 to 147 minutes). Five patients received bioprosthetic valves, and 45 received mechanical prosthetic valves. Postoperative mechanical ventilation lasted (9.6±3.4) hours (range: 5.1 to 14.2 hours), the ICU stay was (24.8±7.3) hours (range: 16.3 to 30.1 hours), and the postoperative hospital stay was (6.5±1.2) days (range: 5.0 to 8.0 days). Four patients received red blood cell transfusions of (2.7±0.9) units (range: 2 to 4 units), and the postoperative chest drainage volume was (222.1±56.3) ml (range: 175 to 289 ml). No deaths occurred intraoperatively or in the early postoperative period. One patient required reoperation due to bleeding in the aortic incision. Three patients had mild to moderate paravalvular leakage around the prosthetic aortic valve, with no cases of third-degree atrioventricular block or conversions to median sternotomy. Conclusions: The early outcomes of total thoracoscopic double valve replacement surgery are satisfactory, demonstrating safety and efficacy. This surgical approach expands the scope of total thoracoscopic cardiac surgery, which warrants further investigation and research.

[Analysis of the risk factors for poor prognosis and recurrence in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis].

To investigate the risk factors of poor prognosis and recurrence in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. A single center, observational cohort study was used to retrospectively analyze 44 patients with anti NMDAR encephalitis hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of Beijing Tong Ren Hospital from January 2014 to October 2020. The results showed that the interval from onset to immunotherapy in the poor prognosis group was significantly longer than that in the good prognosis group (t=2.045,P=0.047), and the course of disease in the poor prognosis group was significantly longer than that in the good prognosis group (t=4.127,P=0.000 2). The number of patients with clinical manifestations of dyskinesia was significantly increased (Fisher exact test: P=0.014). The patients with abnormal brain MRI in the poor prognosis group were significantly more than those in the good prognosis group (Fisher exact test: P=0.017), and the patients with slow wave>50% in the poor prognosis group were significantly more than those with slow wave <50% (Fisher exact test: P<0.001). Patients with the first onset of immunotherapy time <3 months, long course of disease, high intracranial pressure, and high cerebrospinal fluid protein are prone to relapse. Bivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patients with dyskinesia, abnormal brain MRI, and slow wave EEG more than 50% were risk factors for poor prognosis (OR values were 4.687, 4.978, and 24.500, respectively; P values were 0.018, 0.016, and 0.000, respectively). The time of first-line immunotherapy for the first onset<3 months was the risk factor for recurrence (OR 17.231, P=0.010). In conclusion, dyskinesia, abnormal brain MRI and slow wave of EEG more than 50% may be the risk factors for poor prognosis of patients. The duration of immunotherapy less than 3 months after the first onset might be the risk factor for recurrence.

Differentiation between atypical sinonasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and inverted papilloma.

AIM: To seek additional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features to improve the accuracy of differentiation between atypical sinonasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and inverted papilloma (IP) using conventional MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRI examinations from 44 atypical cases (21 NHLs and 23 IPs) in sinonasal regions were reviewed retrospectively. Imaging features included tumour laterality, extension, T1-weighted imaging (WI)/T2WI signal intensity homogeneity and ratios, enhancement homogeneity and ratios, and ADCmean. RESULTS: In cases of NHL, homogeneous signal intensity was often observed on T2WI, which was homogeneous and significantly less enhanced than the turbinate, with lower ADCmean. Whereas in IPs, heterogeneous signal intensity was seen on T2WI, which was heterogeneous and of comparable enhancement to the turbinate, and higher ADCmean values were commonly seen. An ADCmean cut-off point of 1.10 × 10-3 mm2/s achieved 100% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and 90% accuracy. In addition, special features were observed that support the distinction between the two tumours, including intestinal pattern enhancement in NHL and spot-like appearance on T2WI and enhancement in IP. CONCLUSIONS: ADCmean was the most valuable metric for differentiating between the atypical sinonasal NHLs and IPs.

LncRNA LUCAT1 promotes rowth, migration, and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating PCNA.

Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "LncRNA LUCAT1 promotes rowth, migration, and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating PCNA, by Y. Kong, Y. Feng, Y.-Y. Xiao, S.-C. Liu, X.-G. Li, Q.-L. Yang, W.-H. Chu, J.-G. Liu, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (11): 4770-4776- DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201906_18059-PMID: 31210306" has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/18059.

LncRNA LUCAT1 promotes rowth, migration, and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating PCNA.

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have revealed the important role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression of tumorigenesis. This study aims to identify how lncRNA LUCAT1 functions in the progression of OSCC (oral squamous cell carcinoma). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Relative expression of lncRNA LUCAT1 in both OSCC cells and 50 paired tissue samples was detected by quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Moreover, biological function of LUCAT1 in OSCC was identified by performing transwell assay, wound healing assay and proliferation assay in vitro. The underlying mechanism was explored by qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: LUCAT1 expression was remarkably downregulated in OSCC tissues when compared with that in adjacent normal samples. Moreover, proliferation, invasion and migration of OSCC cells were inhibited after knockdown of LUCAT1 in vitro. Knockdown of LUCAT1 downregulated PCNA in OSCC cells at mRNA and protein level in vitro. Besides, PCNA expression in OSCC tissues was positively correlated with the expression of LUCAT1. CONCLUSIONS: Knockdown of LUCAT1 could inhibit migration, invasion and proliferation capacities of OSCC cells through downregulating PCNA, which may offer a new therapeutic intervention for OSCC patients.

[Clinical features and surgical treatment effect of patients with cardiac cavernous hemangioma].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and surgical treatment effect of patients with cardiac cavernous hemangioma. Methods: Clinical data of 9 patients (5 male, aged from 4 to 53 years old) with cardiac cavernous hemangioma, who underwent surgical treatment from November 2002 to March 2015 and the diagnosis of cardiac cavernous hemangioma was confirmed by postoperative histological examination, were retrospectively analyzed. Effects of surgical treatment were analyzed. Results: Four patients were asymptomatic (heart murmur presented in 3 patients during physical examination). Three patients presented with palpitation, chest distress, and short of breath. One patient presented with epigastric discomfort and another patient presented with intermittent fever for more than 10 months. ST and T wave changes of electrocardiogram were found in 2 patients, cardiac mass was detected in the right heart chamber in 5 patients by echocardiography, and no cardiac mass was detected the rest 4 patients. Cardiac masses were resected en bloc, then the adjacent tissues were repaired in 7 patients, and mass was partially resected due to the involvement with adjacent heart structure. No cardiac mass was found during operation in 1 case, impaired mitral valve structure was excised and postoperative pathologically confirmed as cardiac valve cavernous angioma on the excised mitral valve structure. No signs of recurrence or enlargement of cardiac cavernous hemangioma were found during the 11(10, 11)years follow up. Conclusions: There is no specific clinical feature for patients with cardiac cavernous hemangioma. It is difficult to detect the cardiac valve cavernous angioma by echocardiography before surgery. Individualized surgical treatment is associated with good clinical outcome in this patient cohort. However, the clinical features and surgical treatment effect of patients with cardiac cavernous hemangioma still need to investigate in large sample trial.

Novel lipoprotein expressed by Neisseria meningitidis but not by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

The ppk gene, which codes for the enzyme polyphosphate kinase in Neisseria meningitidis strain BNCV, is preceded by an open reading frame coding for a protein with a predicted size of 19.2 kDa with a typical lipoprotein signal sequence of 21 amino acids. The protein has significant homology to the N-terminal portion of an outer membrane protein from Haemophilus somnus (J. Won and R. W. Griffith, Infect. Immun. 61:2813-2821, 1993). Sequencing of the same open reading frame from meningococcus strain M1080 predicted an almost identical protein. Antisera were raised against the lipoprotein, expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase. The antisera reacted with meningococcal membrane fractions on a Western blot (immunoblot) but did not elicit complement-dependent bactericidal activity. Restriction enzyme digestion demonstrated conservation of this portion of the meningococcal and gonococcal chromosomes. However, antisera raised to the recombinant protein showed that the protein was absent from all strains of gonococcus tested. The sequences of the gene from several strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis were compared and found to be almost identical, except that the coding sequences from all of the gonococcal strains were terminated prematurely as a result of a frameshift mutation. The significance of the remarkable conservation of these gonococcal genes is discussed.

[Preparation and identification of monoclonal antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid antigen].

McAbs were prepared by fusing SP2/0 cells with spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigen. Antibodies in hybrid culture supernatant were detected by ELISA, and positive hybrids were cloned by technique of limiting dilutions. Numbers of chromosomes of five hybridoma cell lines (1D1, 1D8, 2D6, 4B10, 4F4) were demonstrated in the range of 99-108. The immunoglobulin class/subclass of McAb 4F4 was IgM and the others belonged to IgG1. IHA, ELISA and I-ELISA were used for identifying titer and specificity of five McAbs. The titers of two McAbs (1D1, 1D8) reached 1:10(6)-10(7) in IHA and ELISA. Two of these McAbs (1D1, 4F4) with other parasitic antigens revealed cross-reactions. This indicated that the McAbs 1D1 and 4F4 were against common antigen determiners of different parasitic antigens and the McAbs 1D8, 2D6, 4B10 against specific antigen determiners of HCF.