A prediction model for risk of low oxygen saturation in patients with post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis during bronchoscopy.

BACKGROUND: Low oxygen saturation (LOS) is a frequent occurrence for patients with post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis (PTTS) during bronchoscopic procedures. However, there are currently no systematic assessment tools to predict LOS risk in PTTS patients during bronchoscopy. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop an effective preoperative predictive model to guide clinical practice. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Data was retrospectively collected from PTTS patients who underwent bronchoscopic interventions between January 2017 and December 2022. Among all patients included in this study, patients between January 2017 and December 2021 were used as training cohort for the logistic regression model, and patients between January 2022 and December 2022 were utilized as validation cohort for internal validation. We used consistency index (C-index), goodness-of-fit test and calibration plot to evaluate the model performance. RESULTS: A total of 465 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The overall incidence of LOS was 26.0% (121/465). Comorbidity, degree of stenosis, bronchoscopist level, thermal ablation therapy, balloon dilation, and airway stenting, as independent risk factors for the presence of LOS, were used to construct the nomogram prediction model. The C-index of training cohort was 0.827 (95% CI, 0.786-0.869), whereas that of validation cohort was 0.836 (95% CI, 0.757-0.916), combining with the results of the calibration plot and goodness-of-fit test, demonstrating that this model had good predictive ability. CONCLUSION: The predictive model and derived nomogram with good predictive ability has been developed to preoperatively predict the risk of LOS in PTTS patients during bronchoscopy, allowing for individualized interventions for high-risk patients.

Efficacy of hemoporfin-PDT on port-wine stains: A retrospective analysis of 2952 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a retrospective analysis of Hemoporfin photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) in the treatment of port-wine stains (PWS). METHOD: A retrospective analysis was conducted based on the clinical data from March 2017 to December 2022, so as to summarize the demographic characteristics, clinical efficacy and adverse reactions. The effectiveness of HMME-PDT was examined with respect to treatment times, age, gender, subtype, and location of PWS lesions. RESULT: The age of the 2952 cases ranged from 8 months to 56 years old (median, 2.8 years), with 1419 males (48.07 %), and 1533 females (51.93 %). There were 669 cases of pink type (22.66 %), 2184 cases of purplish red type (73.98 %), and 99 cases of nodular thickening type (3.35 %). The prevalence location was face (88.04 %), neck (14.94 %), limbs and trunk. 1602 cases (54.27 %) had never received treatment, 661 cases (22.39 %) had been treated by pulse dye laser (PDL), 229 cases (7.76 %) had previously been treated by PDT, 296 cases (10.03 %) had received both the modalities. The 2952 cases completed totally 7996 HMME-PDT times. Cure rate and effective rate increased continuously with the number of treatments. The pink type has the highest cure rate and effective rate, followed by the purplish red type and the last was the nodular thickening type. The therapeutic effects are considerably influenced by age, subtype, and treatment site (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of HMME-PDT between both genders. The local adverse reactions after the first treatment included edema (97.73 %), itching (82.62 %), purpura-like change (79.51 %), crusts (24.59 %), infection (4.07 %), scars (1.08 %), hyperpigmentation (0.61 %), and depigmentation (0.41 %). Nausea and vomiting occurred in 2 juveniles and 1 young adult (5, 6 and 22 years old respectively) immediately after treatment, and did not interfere with the administration of the treatment. Patients aged 21-30 were found to have a 3.4-fold higher likelihood of undergoing HMME-PDT under general anesthesia compared to those aged 15 or younger. There was no distinct systemic adverse reaction, such as allergic responses, cardiovascular effects, neurological symptoms, hematological abnormalities, respiratory symptoms, or musculoskeletal issues. CONCLUSION: HMME-PDT is preferred in treating PWS, with relatively high effective rate and cure rate, mild local reactions and no distinct systemic adverse reaction.

Research Progress of Photodynamic Therapy in Wound Healing: A Literature Review.

Light is an efficient technique that has a significant influence on contemporary medicine. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which involves the combined action of photosensitizers (PSs), oxygen, and light, has emerged as a therapeutically promising method for treating a broad variety of solid tumors and infectious diseases. Photodynamic therapy is minimally invasive, has few side effects, lightens scars, and reduces tissue loss while preserving organ structure and function. In particular, PDT has a high healing potential for wounds (PDT stimulates wound healing by enhancing re-epithelialization, promoting angiogenesis as well as modulating skin homeostasis). Wound healing involves interactions between many different processes, including coagulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, cellular migration, and proliferation. Poor wound healing with diabetes or extensive burns remains a difficult challenge. This review emphasizes PDT as a potential research field and summarizes PDT's role in wound healing, including normal wounds, chronic wounds, and aging wounds.

Transplantation of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuates Surgical Wound-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Mice.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the most important component of central nervous system (CNS) to keep toxins and pathogens from CNS. Although our studies demonstrated that using interleukin-6 antibodies (IL-6-AB) reversed the increased permeability of BBB, IL-6-AB is limited in their application that only could be used a few hours before surgery and seemed delayed the surgical wounds healing process, which urges us to find another more effective method. In this study, we employed the C57BL/6J female mice to investigate the potential effects of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transplantation on BBB dysfunction induced by surgical wound. Compared to IL-6-AB, the transplantation of UC-MSCs more effectively decreased the BBB permeability after surgical wound evaluated by dextran tracer (immunofluorescence imaging and luorescence quantification). In addition, UC-MSCs can largely decrease the ratio of proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 to the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in both serum and brain tissue after surgical wound. Moreover, UC-MSCs successfully increased the levels of tight junction proteins (TJs) in BBB such as ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5 and extremely decreased the level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Interestingly, UC-MSCs treatment also had positive effects on wound healing while protecting the BBB dysfunction induced by surgical wound compared to IL-6-AB treatment. These findings suggest that UC-MSCs transplantation is a highly efficient and promising approach on protecting the integrity of BBB which caused by peripheral traumatic injuries.

Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in common skin inflammatory diseases: Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

Chronic skin inflammatory diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis have been considered uncontrolled inflammatory responses, which have usually troubled patients around the world. Moreover, the recent method to treat AD and psoriasis has been based on the inhibition, not regulation, of the abnormal inflammatory response, which can induce a number of side effects and drug resistance in long-term treatment. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and their derivatives have been widely used in immune diseases based on their regeneration, differentiation, and immunomodulation with few adverse effects, which makes MSCs a promising treatment for chronic skin inflammatory diseases. As a result, in this review, we aim to systematically discuss the therapeutic effects of various resources of MSCs, the application of preconditioning MSCs and engineering extracellular vesicles (EVs) in AD and psoriasis, and the clinical evaluation of the administration of MSCs and their derivatives, which can provide a comprehensive vision for the application of MSCs and their derivatives in future research and clinical treatment.

Global Trends and Research Progress of Photodynamic Therapy in Skin Cancer: A Bibliometric Analysis and Literature Review.

Background: Based on photochemical reactions through the combined use of light and photosensitizers, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is gaining popularity for the treatment of skin cancer. Various photosensitizers and treatment regimens are continuously being developed for enhancing the efficacy of PDT on skin cancer. Reviewing the development history of PDT on skin cancer, and summarizing its development direction and research status, is conducive to the further research. Methods: To evaluate the research trends and map knowledge structure, all publications covering PDT on skin cancer were retrieved and extracted from Web of Science database. We applied VOSviewer and CiteSpace softwares to evaluate and visualize the countries, institutes, authors, keywords and research trends. Literature review was performed for the analysis of the research status of PDT on skin cancer. Results: A total of 2662 publications were identified. The elements, mechanism, pros and cons, representative molecular photosensitizers, current challenges and research progress of PDT on skin cancer were reviewed and summarized. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive display of the field of PDT on skin cancer, which will help researchers further explore the mechanism and application of PDT more effectively and intuitively.

Extracellular vesicles derived from fibroblasts induced with or without high glucose exert opposite effects on wound healing and angiogenesis.

Background: Communication between fibroblasts and endothelial cells is essential for skin wound repair and regeneration. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial for intracellular communication by transporting active molecules. However, whether EVs derived from diabetic fibroblasts can perform the nomal communication function is unclear. Here, we compared the effects of EVs from human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) induced with or without HG on the angiogenic function of endothelial cells and wound healing. Methods: We first collected EVs from HSFs cultured with normal glucose concentration (NG-EVs) or with HG concentration (HG-EVs) and applied them to treat human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The cells were divided into three groups: control group, NG-EVs group, and HG-EVs group. We then examined the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and tube formation of HUVECs. To illustrate the mechanism, the expression of ß-catenin, GSK-3ß, and p-GSK-3ß was detected by western-blot. Finally, NG-EVs or HG-EVs were used to treat the wounds of mice to determine their role in wound closure. Results: By DNA content detection, Annexin V/PI staining, and EdU staining, we found that NG-EVs promoted HUVEC proliferation, while HG-EVs exhibited an opposite effect (p < 0.05). Scratch assay and tube formation assay demonstrated that NG-EV promoted angiogenesis in vitro, while HG-EVs showed negative impact (p < 0.05). The expressions of ß-catenin and p-GSK-3ß in HUVECs were enhanced by NG-EVs and decreased by HG-EVs (p < 0.05). Additionally, the in vivo experiment demonstrated that NG-EVs effectively promoted wound healing by locally enhancing blood supply and angiogenesis. In contrast, HG-EVs leaded to delayed wound closure and reduced blood supply and angiogenesis (p < 0.05). Conclusion: NG-EVs and HG-EVs exert opposite effects on wound healing and angiogenesis possibly by regulating GSK-3ß/ß-catenin signaling pathway. This research may provide a new treatment strategy for wound healing and illustrate the mechanism for impaired angiogenesis in diabetics.

Association Between Nadir Hematocrit and Severe Acute Kidney Injury After Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on the MIMIC-IV Database.

BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the association between postoperative nadir hematocrit (Hct) and severe acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCABG) surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data of patients who received OPCABG were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. A generalized additive model was applied to explore the relationship between nadir Hct and severe AKI. Patients were divided into 4 groups by quartiles of postoperative nadir Hct, with the lowest group (Hct <25%) as reference. We conducted multivariate logistic regression models to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI and evaluate trend among the 4 groups. RESULTS In total, 1783 OPCABG patients were included. A nonlinear association between nadir Hct and severe AKI was identified. After adjusting for potential confounders, nadir Hct was negatively associated with risk of severe AKI when Hct was less than 31%; there was no statistical significance between highest Hct group (Hct ≥31%) and control group (Hct <25%; P>0.05). Tests for trend were significant (P<0.05). Subgroup analyses showed each 1% increase in postoperative nadir Hct was associated with a 23% decrease in risk of severe AKI (OR, 0.77; P=0.002) in lower BMI group (<30 kg/m²). CONCLUSIONS The association between postoperative nadir Hct and severe AKI in patients after OPCABG was nonlinear. Lower nadir Hct may be associated with increased risk of severe AKI when Hct values are less than 31%. However, no statistical significance was found between the highest Hct group and control group.

Preoperative pulmonary vascular resistance and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predict the demand of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after pulmonary endarterectomy.

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory and circulatory collapse might occasionally happen after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). We aimed to investigate the utilization of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) after PEA and potential risk factors. METHODS: Demographic characteristics, clinical and surgical data were collected for all patients who underwent PEA from December 2016 to June 2022. All factors were compared between patients in the ECMO group and those in the other group. The most characteristic risk factors were obtained by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and support vector machine machine learning, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) Curve analysis was performed to verify the diagnostic value of the obtained risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients underwent PEA, and 8 (6.8%) of them received ECMO treatment intraoperatively or postoperatively. There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of cardiac function, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), preoperative inflammation and cardiopulmonary bypass time. The PVR and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N/L ratio) were the most characteristic risk factors with an area under the ROC curve of 0.847 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.7517-0.9420, p = .005) and 0.896 (95% CI = 0.803-0.989, p = .001), respectively. The ECMO group had higher PVR (1549.4 ± 600.7 vs. 952.9 ± 466.9 dyn.s.cm-5 , p = .004) and N/L ratio (6.3 ± 5.6 vs. 2.4 ± 1.7, p = .001). CONCLUSIONS: PVR and N/L ratio can correctly predict who is likely to receive ECMO treatment after PEA. Therefore, addressing the preoperative inflammatory status might be beneficial but further research is needed.

Smoking by altering the peri-implant microbial community structure compromises the responsiveness to treatment.

Smoking is an essential risk factor for peri-implant diseases. It also hampers the clinical outcomes of peri-implant therapies. Nonetheless, the effect of smoking can go undetected until the emergence of clinical signs. Bacterial-induced inflammation is responsible for the initiation and progression of peri-implant diseases. We hypothesize that smoking impacts the peri-implant microbiome even in status of clinical health, putting it into a sub-healthy condition that responds poorly to peri-implant treatments. To validate this, peri-implant plaque samples from 18 participants including 10 smokers (S) and 8 non-smokers (NS), who had received implant prostheses were analyzed using metagenomic shotgun sequencing. The results showed that in addition to taxonomical and functional differences, the local stability in the S group was also shown to be much higher than that in the NS group, indicating greater stubbornness of the peri-implant microbiome associated with smoking. Besides, the topological structures were also distinct between the two groups. The highly connected species interacted more preferentially with each other in the S group (eigenvector centralization, 0.0273 in S and 0.0183 in NS), resulting in a greater tendency of forming small-world modules (modularity, 0.714 in S and 0.582 in NS). While in the NS group, inter-species correlations were more evenly distributed (clustering coefficient, 0.532 in S and 0.666 in NS). These alterations overall explained the greater stubbornness of the peri-implant microbiome associated with smoking, which may cause poor responsiveness to peri-implant therapies. From a microbial perspective, this may be a potential reason why smoking impacts negatively on the outcome of peri-implant treatments.

Super Light-Sensitive Photosensitizer Nanoparticles for Improved Photodynamic Therapy against Solid Tumors.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective method for superficial cancer treatment. However, the limited light intensity in tissues, tumor hypoxia, and the low accumulation efficiency of photosensitizers (PSs) in tumors are still major challenges. Herein, we introduce super light-sensitive PS nanoparticles (designated HR NPs) that can increase singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) production and improve PS accumulation in tumors. HR NPs have the ability to produce a large amount of 1 O2 under ultralow power density light (0.05 mW cm-2 ) irradiation. More significantly, HR NPs have a long circulating time in tumor-bearing mice and can accumulate in tumors with high efficiency. When irradiated by light with a suitable wavelength, the nanoparticles exhibit excellent antitumor efficacy. This work will make it possible to cure solid tumors by PDT by enhancing the therapeutic effects.

Duration of regional cerebral oxygen saturation under 40% is a risk factor for neurological injury following pulmonary thromboendarterectomy: A prospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is nowadays commonly used in pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE). Neurological injury related to DHCA severely impairs the prognosis of patients. However, the risk factors and predictors of neurological injury are still unclear. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study, including 82 patients diagnosed as chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and underwent PTE alone in our center from December 2016 to May 2021. Demographic characteristics, clinical and surgical data, and neurological adverse events were recorded prospectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the predictors of neurological injury. RESULTS: Eleven (13.4%) patients exhibited neurological injuries after surgery. Univariate analysis showed that the duration of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2 ) under 40% (p < .001), the minimum rSO2 (p = .006), and the percentage of decrease in rSO2 (p = .011) were significantly associated with neurological injury. Multivariate analysis showed that the duration of rSO2 under 40% was an independent predictor for postoperative neurological injury (odds ratio = 3.896, 95% confidence interval: 1.812-8.377, p < .001). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that when the cut-off value was 1.25 min, its sensitivity for predicting neurological injury was 63.6% with a specificity of 88.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The duration of rSO2 under 40% is an independent predictor for neurological injury following PTE. For complicated lesions, more times of circulatory arrest were much safer and more reliable than a prolonged time of a single circulatory arrest. The circulation should be restored as soon as possible, when the rSO2 under 40% is detected, rather than waiting for 5 min.

Systematic analysis and case series of the diagnosis and management of trichilemmal carcinoma.

Background: Trichilemmal carcinoma (TLC) is a rare malignant cutaneous adnexal neoplasm, with no relatively comprehensive research. Objective: The aim of this study is to perform an updated statistical analysis so as to better understand TLC's epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: The diagnosis and treatment of three TLC cases in our department were summarized. Then, all TLC cases published in the literature were retrieved for a comprehensive analysis, followed by the analysis of global trends and regional distribution, demographic characteristics, clinical features, pathogenesis, histopathological features, and treatment and prognosis of TLC. Results: Of the 231 cases, the incidence of TLC has shown an upward trend recently, especially in China, in Asia. The susceptible population is men aged 60-80 and women over 80, and the most prone location is head and neck. The phenotype of TLC is not always typical and may be misdiagnosed because of the coexistence of other diseases. There is a linear relationship between the diameter and its duration or thickness. UV, locally present skin lesions, trauma, scarring, organ transplantation, and genetic disorders may trigger the occurrence of TLC. Periodic acid-Schiff staining and CD34, but not Epithelial Membrane Antigen (EMA), were helpful in the diagnosis of TLC. Although effective, surgical excision and Mohs micrographic surgery need further improvement to reduce recurrence of TLC. Carcinoma history is an independent risk factor for TLC recurrence. Limitations: The limitation of this study is the lack of randomized controlled trial on TLC treatment and recurrence. Conclusion: TLC has the possibility of invasive growth and recurrence, especially in patients with longer duration and carcinoma history.

RASSF1A Enhances Chemosensitivity of NSCLC Cells Through Activating Autophagy by Regulating MAP1S to Inactivate Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway.

OBJECTIVE: Cisplatin (DDP) is an effective first-line therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment; however, it can cause resistance and thus pose an obstacle to the efficacy of chemotherapy in NSCLC. This study aims to detect the effect of RASSF1A on DDP resistance of NSCLC and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: The expression levels of RASSF1A and microtubule-associated protein 1S (MAP1S) were investigated by qRT-PCR and Western blot and their interaction was testified by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) analysis. The IC50 value of DDP on A549 and A549/DDP cells (DDP-resistant cells) was measured. A549/DDP cells were transfected with pCDNA3.1-RASSF1A, pCDNA3.1-MAP1S, or si-RASSF1A, followed by treated with DDP. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU) were employed to measure cell survival rate. Western blot was applied to test the levels of autophagy-associated proteins p62, LC3II, and LC3I. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-LC3 puncta to evaluate the level of autophagy. Finally, a xenograft model in nude mice using A549/DDP cells was developed. RESULTS: RASSF1A and MAP1S were lowly expressed and positively correlated in NSCLC tissues. We observed that RASSF1A and MAP1S overexpression significantly enhanced DDP-induced effects in A549 and A549/DDP cells, including decreased cell viability, as well as increased autophagy levels. Besides, investigations into the mechanism between RASSF1A and MAP1S disclosed that RASSF1A could regulate MAP1S to inactivate the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, thus activating autophagy to enhance chemosensitivity. Moreover, consistent results were confirmed in vivo experiments. CONCLUSION: RASSF1A increases chemosensitivity in NSCLC by facilitating autophagy via MAP1S-mediated Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.

Application of a Simulator-Based Teaching Method in the Training of the Flexible Bronchoscope-Guided Intubation.

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to explore the effect of a bronchoscopic simulator-based comprehensive teaching method in the training of flexible bronchoscope-guided intubation for suspected lung cancer patients for doctors without bronchofibroscopic operation background. METHODS: We designed a prospective self-control study involved in 35 trainees from the Navy Military Medical University's affiliated hospital to evaluate flexible bronchoscope-guided intubation's training outcome. Before and after the practice training, we recorded the flexible bronchoscope passing time from nasal to visible glottis and carina, tracheal placement tube, and ventilation. RESULTS: All 35 trainees could complete flexible bronchoscope-guided intubation independently after training. CONCLUSIONS: The bronchial diagnosis for suspected lung cancer patients and treatment-based model can be widely applied in tracheal intubation training.

STAT1-induced upregulation of lncRNA LINC01123 predicts poor prognosis and promotes the progression of endometrial cancer through miR-516b/KIF4A.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proposed as suppressors or promoters in many tumor processes. LncRNA LINC01123 (LINC01123) was a newly identified lncRNA which was firstly functionally analyzed in lung cancer. However, its expression and function in other tumor types were rarely reported. In this study, we firstly confirmed that LINC01123 was highly expressed in both endometrial cancer (EC) tissues and cell lines using bioinformatics analysis and RT-CPR. Then, we preliminarily analyzed the mechanisms involved in overexpression of LINC01123 in EC, finding that STAT1 could bind directly to the LINC01123 promoter region and activate its transcription. Clinical research with 106 patients indicated that high expression of LINC01123 was associated with advanced clinical progression and poor clinical outcome of EC patients. Functionally, knockdown of LINC01123 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of EC cells, and promoted apoptosis. Mechanistically, we observed that LINC01123 may act as an endogenous sponge by competing for miR-516b, thereby regulating KIF4A. Overall, our study revealed a novel LINC01123/miR-516b/KIF4A pathway regulatory axis in EC pathogenesis. LINC01123 may be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in EC.Abbreviations: EC: Endometrial cancer; LncRNA: Long non-coding RNA; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition; miRNA: microRNA; qRT-PCR: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; SPSS: Statistical Package for Social Sciences; Chip: chromatin-immunoprecipitation, TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas; CCK-8: Cell Counting Kit-8; KIF4A: Chromosome-associated kinesin KIF4A.

Clinical study on hemoporfin PDT for infant facial port-wine stains.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy and therapeutic response of Hemoporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) for infant facial port-wine stains (PWS). METHOD: Hemoporfin PDT was used to treat 100 cases of infant facial PWS. After receiving Hemoporfin skin test, the cases with a negative skin test result were intravenously injected with Hemippofen (5 mg/kg) and irradiated under 532 nm LED green light. After treatment, a follow-up visit was paid through WeChat and Dermlink PWS consulting platform, in order to observe the therapeutic response and clinical efficacy. RESULT: The follow-up visit showed an effective rate of 98%, including 85 cases of itching (85%), 100 cases of edema (100%), 89 cases of purpura-like change (89%), 33 cases of crust (33%), 2 cases of hyperpigmentation (2%) and 2 cases of scars (2%), with no allergy and other systematic adverse reaction. CONCLUSION: Hemoporfin PDT has a high clinical efficacy and response rate in treating infant facial PWS, with slight adverse reactions.

Perspective clinical study on effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) in treating condylomata acuminata in pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) in treating vulval condylomata acuminata (CA) in pregnancy. METHODS: The clinical efficacies of ALA-PDT on 16 cases of CA in pregnancy as well as cryotherapy on 22 cases of CA in pregnancy were analyzed in this prospective study. RESULTS: The treatment group showed a wart clearance rate of 93.8% after 3 PDT treatments, while the control group showed a wart clearance rate of 72.7% after 3 cryotherapy treatments. After the 3-month follow-up period, the treatment group registered a recurrence rate of 6.3%, whereas the control group recorded a recurrence rate of 36.4%, indicating a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 4.674, p = 0.031 < 0.05). After the 1-month postpartum follow-up period, the newborns grew and developed well, without any abnormality in physical examinations. CONCLUSION: ALA-PDT is safe and effective in treating CA in pregnancy.