A case of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome with peculiar dental findings.

BACKGROUND: Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS, OMIM 130650) is a rare genetic disorder characterised by overgrowth, tumor predisposition and congenital malformations. Few systemic manifestations and oral features have been reported so far. CASE REPORT: We report on a case of BWS, describing all features expanding the knowledge on oro-dento-facial phenotypes, along with a review of the literature.

Effect of long term 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation on enamel microhardness of rat's teeth.

PURPOSE: Oral tissues are important parts of body that absorbs radiation emitted from mobile phones which is the most popular technological equipment in the world. Because of the limited studies in this field, we aimed to investigate the effect of Radio Frequency (RF) radiation emitted from 900 MHz mobile phones on the enamel micro hardness of rat teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out on twenty one Wistar Albino adult male rats which were divided into two groups such as control and experiment groups. For the study group (n: 14), rats exposed to the radiation 2 h per day (7 days in a week) for 10 months. For the control group (n: 7), rats were placed into the carousel and the same procedure was applied except that the generator was turned off. At the end of the study, enamel micro hardness of rat's teeth was measured. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that 900 MHz RF radiation did not alter the enamel micro hardness of rats' teeth (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Exposure of 900 MHz RF radiation for 2 hours per day during ten months does not alter enamel micro hardness of rats' teeth. However, further studies are necessary to clarify this topic.

Importance of urinary measurement of glutathione S-transferase in renal dysfunction patients after on- and off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

BACKGROUND: Acute renal failure (ARF) occurring after on-pump and off-pump cardiac surgery was assessed by urinary alpha glutathione S-transferase measurement (alpha-GST) in patients who already had renal dysfunction. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with plasma creatinine levels ranging between 1.5 and 2.0 mg/dL were included in the study. On-pump coronary artery bypass was performed in 25 of them, and off-pump surgery in the other 25 patients. Urinary alpha-GST levels, plasma creatinine levels, creatinine clearance and fractional excretion of sodium were measured. RESULTS: Urinary alpha-GST levels were found to be significantly increased at 24 hours postoperatively. A weak correlation was detected between alpha-GST levels and plasma creatinine, creatinine clearance and fractional excretion of sodium. Preoperative and postoperative 24 hour levels showed a positive predictive value for the occurrence of acute renal failure. CONCLUSIONS: Tubular damage produced by cardiopulmonary bypass is not the only factor associated with postoperative ARF. Because factors independent of pump usage can adversely affect renal function, excluding pump usage alone is not sufficient to prevent postoperative ARF in patients who have preoperative renal dysfunction.

Craniofacial and upper airway cephalometrics in hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the craniofacial and upper airway structures in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Craniofacial and upper airway dimensions were measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs of ten HED patients (four females and six males) and ten normal class III patients as a control group. 21 dimensional measurements were used for cephalometric assessment. Craniofacial structures were compared with normal values and airway dimensions were compared with those of a control group with a similar skeletal pattern. RESULTS: We found that the SNA degrees, SNB degrees, ANB degrees, SN-GoMe degrees and the distance between the lips and the S-line were lower than those in normal subjects, while soft tissue convexity angles were higher in HED patients. Statistically significant decreases occurred in tongue length, vertical airway length, hyoid bone mandibular plane length, hyoid bone C3 length, middle airway space and inferior airway space, while the soft palate length increased. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristic craniofacial features of HED patients are class III malocclusion with maxillary retrusion and deficiency in vertical, transversal and sagittal growth of the jaw and soft tissues. HED patients have smaller pharyngeal and upper airway dimensions, and the hyoid bone is positioned more posteriorly compared with class III control individuals.

Open surgical approach for a tooth aspirated during dental extraction: a case report.

Foreign body aspiration is a common problem in children necessitating prompt recognition and early treatment to minimize the potentially serious and sometimes even fatal consequences. Most foreign bodies can usually be extracted by skilful application of endoscopic techniques. Nevertheless, spherical foreign bodies, such as pen caps and some teeth remain difficult to manage. In this case report clinical presentation and treatment options in the treatment of a patient who had a tooth lodged in the right lung are discussed. The complications of foreign body ingestion or aspiration associated with dental treatment is emphasized.