[Clinical study on application of 3D Slicer software assisted domestic frameless stereotactic robot in biopsy of intracranial lesions].

Objective: To examine the application value of 3D Slicer software assisted domestic frameless stereotactic robot in biopsy of intracranial lesions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 patients who admitted consecutively and underwent intracerebral lesions biopsy with the domestic frameless stereotactic robot at Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021. There were 36 males and 44 females, with a mean age of (38.5±18.0) years (range: 6 to 71 years). Before surgery only enhanced T1-weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared gradient echo sequences and diffusion tensor imaging scans were performed. Self-reconstruction of intracranial lesions, cerebral cortex and blood vessels was carried out using 3D Slicer software system after the DICOM format imaging data of 80 patients were collected. These imaging data were merged to the workstation of the domestic frameless stereotactic robot for preoperative surgical planning and the surgical puncture path was designed to avoid blood vessels in the brain functional area, cerebral cortex and sulcus. Results: All frameless stereotactic biopsy were successfully performed. Postoperative pathological diagnosis included 50 cases of diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglioma, 15 cases of lymphoma, 5 cases of metastatic tumors, 5 cases of inflammatory demyelinating disease, 2 cases of inflammatory granuloma, 1 case of hemangioma, 1 case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia intracranial invasion and 1 case of seminoma. The positive diagnosis rate was 100% (80/80). Postoperative imaging confirmed that the puncture path and target were accurately implemented according to the preoperative planning, and the target error was (1.32±0.44) mm (range: 0.55 to 1.99 mm). One case of puncture-related bleeding occurred at the target after surgery and improved after treatment. Conclusion: The three-dimensional multimodal images reconstructed by the 3D Slicer software before operation could help the surgeons make the preoperative planning and reduce the risk of stereotactic brain biopsy.

[Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions: current status and future prospects].

Early detection of colorectal cancer and precursor lesions under colonoscopy, and timely and optimal treatment remain the crucial means for reducing colorectal cancer-related deaths. In this article, we focused on the hot spots in recent years, reviewed the progress of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of serrated lesions and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related dysplasia, the application of endocytoscopy and the management of early colorectal cancer/precancerous lesions, and provided new prospects for future studies.

[Dihydromyricetin reverses Herceptin resistance by up-regulating miR-98-5p and inhibiting IGF1R/HER2 dimer formation in SKBR3 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of dihydromyricetin on the expression of miR-98-5p and its mechanism in the development of Herceptin resistance in SKBR3 cells. METHODS: The expression of IGF2 and miR-98-5p and their interaction relationship were analyzed by bioinformatics analysis through TargetScan online databases. SKBR3 cells and drug-resistant SKBR3-R cells were cultured in cell experiments. Xenograft tumor mice were constructed by SKBR3 and SKBR3-R cells. Proteins were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Transfected cells were constructed by shRNA lentivirus vectors. RT-QPCR was used to detect RNA. Cell proliferation was detected by MTS method. Cell jnvasion was detected by Transwell assay. Luciferase reporting assays were used to verify RNA interactions. IGF-1R/HER2 heterodimer was determined by immunocoprecipitation. RESULTS: The expression of IGF2, p-IGF1R, p-Akt and p-S6K in SKBR3-R cells were significantly higher than those in SKBR3 cells, while the expression of PTEN protein was lower in SKBR3-R cells (P < 0.05). IGF1R/HER2 heterodimer in SKBR3-R cells was significantly increased (P < 0.01).The expression of IGF2 and invasion ability were significantly reduced while transfected with miR-98-5p in SKBR3-R cells (P < 0.05), but the IGF2 mRNA were no difference in both cells (P > 0.05). The expression of miR-98-5p was up-regulated and IGF2 was decreased in drug-resistant xenograft tumor mice after feeding with dihydromyricetin, and the tumor became more sensitivity to Herceptin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Dihydromyricetin could induce the expression of miR-98-5p, which binds to IGF2 mRNA to reduce IGF2 expression, inhibit the IGF-1R/HER2 formation, thereby reversing cell resistance to Herceptin in SKBR3-R cells.

[Protective effect of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in laparoscopic hepatectomy for liver cancer and cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine against ischemiareperfusion injury (IRI) of the liver in patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) for liver cancer with cirrhosis. METHODS: Eighty patients with liver cancer and cirrhosis undergoing elective LH were randomized into ulinastatin (administered immediately before hepatectomy) group, dexmedetomidine (administered before anesthesia induction) group, ulinastatin plus dexmedetomidine group, and saline group (groups U, D, UD, and C, respectively). Venous blood samples were collected before the operation (T0) and at 30 min (T1), 24 h (T2), 3 days (T3), and 5 days (T4) after the operation. Serum levels of α-GST, MDA, TNF-α and IL-6 were analyzed at T0-T2. Serum levels of ALT, AST, BUN and Cr were measured at T0 and T2-T4, and the incidence of liver dysfunction, complications and postoperative hospital stay of the patients were recorded. RESULTS: At T1, serum α-GST, MDA, TNF-α and IL-6 levels increased significantly in groups U, D and UD compared with those in group C, and were significantly higher in groups U and D than in group UD (all P < 0.05). At T2, the levels of MDA, TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased in groups U, D and UD compared with those in group C, and were significantly higher in groups U and D than in group UD (all P < 0.05). At T2-T4, the levels of ALT and AST were significantly lower in groups U, D and UD than in group C, and were higher in groups U and D than in group UD (all P < 0.05). The patients in group UD had significantly shortened postoperative hospital stay as compared with those in group C (P < 0.05). The incidences of complications or postoperative renal or liver insufficiency did not differ significantly among the 4 groups. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of renal function, liver insufficiency and complications among the four groups (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing LH for liver cancer with cirrhosis, ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine provides enhanced protection against hepatic IRI possibly through a synergistic effect against oxidative stress and inflammatory response, thereby reducing perioperative liver injury and accelerating postoperative recovery.

[Predicting postoperative recurrence of stage â -â ¢ renal clear cell carcinoma based on preoperative CT radiomics feature nomogram].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the preoperative radiomics features (RFs) and construct a nomogram for predicting postoperative recurrence of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC). METHODS: The clinicopathological data and preoperative enhanced CT images collected from 256 patients with ccRCC were used as the training dataset (175 patients) and test dataset (81 patients). The enhanced CT images of the tumor were segmented using ITK-SNAP software, and the RFs were extracted using the PyRadiomics computing platform. In the training dataset, the RFs were screened based on Lasso-CV algorithm, and the Rad_score was calculated. The Clinic factors were screened by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of the clinical and pathological factors and CT characteristics. The Rad_score, Clinic、Rad_score + Clinic nomograms were constructed and verified using the test dataset. The performance, discrimination power and calibration of the nomograms were compared, and their clinical value was evaluated using decision curve analysis. RESULTS: Six RFs were retained to calculate the Rad_score. The Clinic factors included Rad_score, KPS score, platelet, calcification and TNM clinical stage. In terms of discrimination, the Rad_score + Clinic nomogram showed better performance (AUC=0.84 for training set; AUC=0.85 for test set) than the Rad_score nomogram (AUC=0.78 for training set, P=0.029; AUC=0.77 for Test set, P=0.025) and Clinic nomogram (AUC=0.77 for training set, P=0.014; AUC=0.77 for test set, P=0.011). In terms of calibration, the P value for goodness of fit test of the Rad_score+Clinic nomogram was 0.065 for the training set and 0.628 for the test set. Decision curve analysis showed a greater clinical value of the Rad_score+Clinic nomogram with Rad_score than the Clinic nomogram without Rad_score. CONCLUSION: The nomogram based on preoperative CT RFs has a high value for predicting postoperative recurrence of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ ccRCC to facilitate individualized treatment of RCC.

[Relationships between decreased LAMC3 and poor prognosis in ovarian cancer].

Objective: To investigate the correlations of laminin subunit gamma 3 (LAMC3) expression with prognosis of ovarian cancer (OC). Methods: LAMC3 protein expression was measured using immunohistochemical streptavidin-peroxidase-biotin connection method (IHC). Gene expression and related clinical data in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) cohort and clinical proteomic tumor analysis consortium (CPTAC) were applied to analyse the correlation between gene and protein expressions and clinical outcomes. Correlations between LAMC3 and clinicopathological factors were evaluated using the Pearson χ2 test (2-sided). The probability of survival and significance was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier plot. The functional clustering of biological pathways enriched from co-expressed genes of LAMC3 was used to explore the possible mechanisms that LAMC3 might contribute to poor prognosis. Results: Based on the IHC results of 216 OC tissues or ovaries (including 208 tumors and 8 normal tissues) and 51 OC tissues (including 24 chemotherapy-resistant and 27 sensitive tissues), and the protein expression data from CPTAC (including 100 primary tumors and 25 normal tissues), the results showed that the protein expression of LAMC3 was significantly decreased in OC tissues compared with normal, decreased in advanced-stage tissues compared with early-stage tissues, and decreased in drug-resistant tissues compared with sensitive tissues (all P<0.05). Furthermore, low expression of LAMC3 protein was significantly associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in 51 OC tissues (P<0.01), consistent with the results that the low levels of LAMC3 mRNA predicted short DFS and OS in 489 OC tissues of the TCGA cohort (P<0.05). The results suggested that low expression of LAMC3 might be the adverse factors for OC development, such as drug resistance and advanced tumors, and might be a risk indicator for prognosis. Moreover, functional clustering of biological pathways enriched from the co-expressed genes of LAMC3 in TCGA ovarian cohort indicated that LAMC3 potentially involved in regulation of OC via oncogene-pathways such as Ras associated protein 1 (Rap1), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Ras and cell adhesion-related pathways such as extra cellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction and focal adhesion. It indicated that LAMC3 might contribute to short survival and tumor progression by regulation of the above pathways. Conclusion: Low expression of LAMC3 is related to poor prognosis and malignant progression in OC, and thus it is expected to be a new prognostic marker and therapeutic target for clinical treatment.

MiR-302b Suppresses Tumor Metastasis by Targeting Frizzled 6 in OSCC.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for approximately 90% of malignant epithelial tumors of the oral and maxillofacial region. OSCC has high rate of metastasis and poor prognosis. Tobacco and/or alcohol consumption and human papillomavirus infection are relatively exact susceptibility factors for OSCC, but the specific process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis and progression is very complicated. microRNA-302b (miR-302b) could regulate various characteristics of many tumor cells, such as proliferation and apoptosis, but its role and mechanism in OSCC have not been reported. This research aims to study the effect of miR-302b on the invasion and migration ability of OSCC and the mechanism by which it functions as well as to identify new prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets for OSCC patients. Functional studies showed that the miR-302b level was negatively correlated with the invasion and migration ability of OSCC. The studies also showed that the overexpression of miR-302b could attenuate the invasion and migration ability of OSCC cells and reduce lymphangiogenesis and the lung metastasis rate of OSCC cells in a mouse model. Mechanistic studies were performed by quantitative polymerase chain reactions, luciferase assays, and RNA pull-down experiments. The results verified that frizzled class receptor 6 (FZD6) is a target gene of miR-302b in OSCC that could promote cell invasion and migration. Clinical studies demonstrate that the protein expression level of FZD6 was higher in OSCC and metastatic lymph nodes than in normal oral mucosa epithelium. Taken together, these data showed that miR-302b could inhibit the invasion and migration ability of OSCC cells by targeting and downregulating FZD6, thereby inhibiting OSCC metastasis. As a new target gene of miR-302b, FZD6 has the potential to become a prognostic and therapeutic target for OSCC patients.

Expression of syndecan-1, PKC and VEGF in rats with acute kidney injury and correlation between syndecan-1 and renal function.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the expression of syndecan-1 (Sdc-1), protein kinase C (PKC) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rats with acute kidney injury, as well as the association between Sdc-1 and indicators [such as serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)] related to renal function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 clean grade 2-week-old SD rats were selected and randomized into experimental group and control group (n=60). At 12 h (T1), 24 h (T2), 36 h (T3), 48 h (T4) after the model was established, 3 mL blood from abdominal aorta was taken, and Sdc-1, PKC, VEGF, serum creatinine (Scr), urea nitrogen (BUN) and other indicators were detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The expression levels of Sdc-1, PKC and VEGF in the experimental group were increasing from T1 to T4, with statistically significant difference between every two time points (p<0.05); the expression levels of Scr and BUN in the experimental group was increasing from T1 to T4, with statistically significant difference between every two time points (p<0.05). The level of Sdc-1 in the serum of rats in the experimental group was positively correlated with Scr (r=0.668, p<0.001), negatively correlated with BUN (r=0.722, p<0.001), and positively correlated with BUN (r=0.722, p<0.001); PKC level was positively correlated with Scr (r=0.589, p<0.001), BUN (r=0.788, p<0.001), and VEGF level was positively correlated with Scr (r=0.666, p<0.001), BUN (r=0.784, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: As the concentration of syndecan-1 increases gradually, renal dysfunction aggravates accordingly, so syndecan-1 can be used as a marker of acute kidney injury and can be used to judge the degree of kidney injury at an early stage.

[Effects of probiotics on the intestinal microecological abnormalities and colorectal cancer of mice induced by high-fat diet].

Objective: To establish the mice colorectal cancer (CRC) model induced by AOM/DSS with the intervention of high fat diet and probiotics, and to explore the potential mechanism of probiotics intervention in regulating intestinal flora disturbance and antitumor efficiency. Methods: Forty 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 mice in each group: HFD group, HDF with probiotics intervention (HFD+P) group, normal diet (ND) group, normal diet with probiotics intervention (ND+P) group. The probiotic groups were administered with probiotics preparation by gavage. During the experiment, AOM/DSS was used to induce mouse colorectal cancer model. The mouse body weight was regularly recorded and the body status was evaluated weekly. High-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the changes of fecal flora in bacterial structure before and after cancer induction. At the end of the experiment, intestinal tissues of mice were collected and the epididymis adipose mass (EAM) and tumor burden were recorded. The Alpha diversity index was used to analyze the abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora (higher chaol index means higher abundance of bacteria and greater Simpson index means lower diversity in flora structure). The Beta diversity index was used to analyze the significance of the difference in the distribution of intestinal flora among the four groups (When R>0, the difference in the distribution of bacteria among the groups is greater than the difference within the group). Results: After 15 weeks of experiment, the body weight of mice in HFD group, HFD+P group, ND group and ND+P group was (33.70±0.52) g, (28.70±0.32) g, (25.90±0.34) g and (25.60±0.40) g, whose difference was statistically significant (F=700.89, P<0.01). The body weight of HFD group was higher than that of ND group and HFD+P group while the body weight of HFD+P group was still higher than that of ND group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.017). The average EAM of HFD group, HFD+P group, ND group and ND+P group was (1.36±0.15) g, (0.67±0.08) g, (0.58±0.10) g and (0.54±0.05) g, whose difference was statistically significant (F=114.03, P<0.01). Pairwise comparisons showed that EAM in HFD group was higher than that in ND group and HFD+P group respectively, with statistically significant difference (both P<0.01), while average EAM of HFD+P group was similar to ND group (P=0.09). Under the diet intervention, the Chao1 index of HFD group, HFD+P group, ND group and ND+P group was 217.62, 235.32, 301.51 and 305.71 respectively, and the Simpson index was 0.93, 0.89, 0.91 and 0.90. At the same time, the Anosim analysis of Beta diversity analysis showed that the difference in the flora distribution among four groups was greater than the difference with in each group with statistically significant difference (R=0.655, P=0.001). Species abundance analysis revealed that, compared with ND group, at phylum level, HFD group had a higher proportion of Bacteroides phylum and Firmicutes phylum in the intestinal flora and lower proportion of Verrucomicrobia; at genus level, the proportion of Bacteroides and Oscillibacter in HFD group was higher while the proportion of Akkermansia and Alloprevotella was lower. After the intervention of probiotics, the flora mentioned above was improved significantly except for Alloprevotella. The average number of tumor in HFD group, HFD+P group, ND group and ND+P group was 4.63±1.19, 2.33±0.52, 2.56±0.73 and 2.38±0.52 with statistically significant difference (F=14.92, P<0.01). Conclusion: Probiotics therapy can reduce obesity and flora imbalance caused by HFD and reduce the incidence of CRC by regulating intestinal flora disturbance.

RETRACTED: An Encoder-Decoder Based Deep Learning AI agent for Spatial Dose Distribution Prediction: A Study of Complex Head-and-Neck IMRT Application.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This abstract has been retracted at the request of the authors. After submitting this abstract the authors realized that the core concept, the encoder-decoder design, was also being used by other investigators at their institution for similar radiation therapy applications. As a result the abstract had not been discussed with, nor approved by, all the relevant investigators before submission. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 108, (2020) S128-S128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.854.

Using the Pleiotropic Characteristics of Curcumin to Validate the Potential Application of a Novel Gene Expression Screening Platform.

Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from curcumin longa that exhibits anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. The consumption of foods at supernutritional levels to obtain health benefits may paradoxically result in negative health outcomes. In the present study, multiple targeting characteristics of curcumin were analyzed using our gene expression screening system, which utilized the gene expression signatures of curcumin from human hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer cells to query gene expression databases and effectively identify the molecular actions of curcumin. In agreement with prediction, curcumin inhibited NF-κB and Aurora-A, and induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Curcumin-suppressed NF-κB was identified through inhibition of PLCG1, PIK3R1, and MALT1 in the CD4-T-cell-receptor-signaling NF-κB cascade pathway. The results suggest that our novel gene expression screening platform is an effective method of rapidly identifying unknown biological functions and side effects of compounds with potential nutraceutical benefits.

Correction: Toosendanin demonstrates promising antitumor efficacy in osteosarcoma by targeting STAT3.

Since the publication of this paper, the authors have noticed that the article contains an error in Figure 3e (TSN, 50 nM). As a result of the misfiling of the data, the incorrect image was inadvertently inserted in Figure 3e during figure preparation. The corrected image is shown in this correction.

[Clinical analysis of 71 cases of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis in children].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, treatment strategies and long term outcomes of children with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. Methods: The data of clinical features, auxiliary examinations, treatments and prognosis in children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from March 2014 to October 2017 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. A total of 71 patients were enrolled, including 33 males and 38 females. The youngest age of onset was 4 months old, and the age of onset was (9±4) years. The first-line immunotherapy treatment for anti-NMDAR encephalitis was short course corticosteroid (high-dose impulse therapy and oral maintenance therapy for 1 month in acute period) and (or) immunoglobulin. The clinical evaluation was performed 2 weeks after first-line immunotherapy treatment. The second-line immunotherapy treatment, including rituximab and (or) cyclophosphamide, would be started if the symptoms did not improve significantly and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score ≥3. All patients were followed up and evaluated for prognosis. T-test, Mann-Whitney U, Chi square test and Fisher's exact probability method were used for comparison between good outcome group and poor outcome group, first-line immunotherapy group and first-line immunotherapy combined with second-line immunotherapy group. Results: The more common clinical manifestations were psychiatric symptoms (n=61, 86%), dyskinesia (n=55, 77%) and convulsions (n=51, 72%). Two cases (3%) had tumors. Electroencephalogram (EEG), cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies were abnormal in 83% (59/71), 39% (27/69) and 38% (27/71) patients, respectively. For the treatment regimens, all the 71 patients underwent first-line immunotherapy, resulting in improvement within 14 days in 40 cases (56%), and 1 case (1%) died. The rest 30 cases (42%) received second-line immunotherapy. The patients were followed up for 5.0-41.8 months, with a median of 19.3 months. At the last follow-up, 49 cases (69%) recovered completely, 15 cases (21%) had mild disability, 6 cases (8%) had severe disability, 1 case (1%) died and 3 cases (4%) had relapse. There were significant differences between the groups with good prognosis and poor prognosis on admission to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and consciousness disorder (10/64 vs. 5/7, 39/64 vs. 7/7, P=0.047, 0.004). There were significant differences between first-line immunotherapy group and the first-line combined second-line immunotherapy group on admission to PICU, consciousness disorder, sleep disorder and first mRS score (12% (5/41) vs. 33% (10/30), 44% (18/41) vs. 93% (28/30), 56% (23/41) vs. 90% (27/30), 3 (1-5) vs. 4 (3-5), respectively; χ(2)=4.645, 18.555, 9.560, Z=5.184, P=0.031, <0.01, 0.002, <0.01, respectively). Conclusions: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis can occur in all ages of children. The most common clinical manifestations are psychotic symptoms, dyskinesia and convulsions. Paraneoplastic cases are less common in children. Immunotherapy is effective. The second-line immunotherapy should be given after the failure of first-line therapy (mRS score≥3).

[The effects of macrophages with high expression of TL1A on activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells in vitro].

Objective: To explore the effects of macrophages with high expression of TL1A on the activation and proliferation of HSCs in vitro. Methods: The Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and peritoneal macrophages (PMs) from wild type (WT) and myeloid-overexpressed TL1A transgenic mice were isolated, differentiated and activated. HSCs were harvested from activated macrophages culture supernatant (CM). HSCs were detected by immunofluorescence and real-time Q-PCR. And the proliferation was detected by CCK-8 and BrdU assay kit. The levels of IL-1ß and PDGF-BB in macrophage culture supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: BMMs-derived CM-intervention HSCs were used to detect the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) on the 2nd, 4th and 6th day respectively by immunofluorescence method. There was no significant difference between the two groups on the 2 nd and the 6th day, P > 0.05; On day 4, the CM/Tg group was significantly higher than that of CM/WT group, P < 0.01; the results of CMs derived from PMs were consistent with the above trend. The expression of α-SMA mRNA on the 2nd, 4th and 6th day was detected by real-time Q-PCR method using BM-derived CMs. No significant difference was found between the groups on the 2nd day (P > 0.05).α-SMA mRNA increased further on the 4th and 6th day, and the level of CM/Tg in CM/Tg group was significantly higher than that in CM/WT group (P < 0.05). The detection results of CMs derived from PMs were consistent with the above trend. The results of CCK-8 assay and BrdU assay showed that the proliferation rate of HSCs in CM Tg group was significantly higher than that in CM/WT group (P < 0.01). The CMs derived from PMs were used to interfere with HSCs. And the results were consistent with the above trend. For BMMs, the levels of IL-1ß and PDGF-BB in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + IFNγ/Tg culture supernatant were significantly higher than those in the LPS+IFNγ/WT group (P < 0.01). For the culture supernatants of PMs Liquid test results consistent with the above trend. Conclusion: Macrophages with high expression of TL1A could enhance the activation and proliferation of HSCs by increasing the secretion of IL-1ß and PDGF-BB.

[Experience of successful rescue from 5 cases of internal carotid artery injury during transnasal endoscopic skull base surgery].

Objective: To investigate the cause and urgent management of internal carotid artery injury during transnasal endoscopic skull base surgery. Methods: Five cases of internal carotid artery injury encountered during transnasal endoscopic skull base surgery in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science of Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital from December 2010 to July 2017 were analysed retrospectively. There were 2 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma, 1 case of salivary gland-type adenocarcinoma, 1 case of petrous apex cholesterol granulomas and 1 case of squamous carcinoma. The cause of internal carotid artery injury and subsequent treatment were analysed, in order to prevent internal carotid artery injury during transnasal endoscopic surgery. Results: Intraoperatively, all these 5 cases were packed with vaseline strip successfully. Two cases underwent subsequent intravascular covered stent graft implantation; 1 case underwent replacement of packing with muscle fascia graft; 1 case was packed with vaseline strip in nasal and nasopharyngeal cavity; 1 case accepted ligation of common carotid artery after failure of nasal packing. Four cases were successfully treated without craniocerebral or ocular complications. Otherwise, 1 case demonstrated with extremity paralysis after ligation. Follow up ranged from 6 to 84 months, no patient died. Conclusion: The injury of internal carotid artery is related with improper operative procedures and anatomic localization, which should be treated properly with emergent hemostasis, and an experienced multidisciplinary team to repair vascular damage is very important.

Expression of miR-205 in renal cell carcinoma and its association with clinicopathological features and prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to examine the expression of miR-205 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissue and carcinoma cells; also, we aimed to determine the association of miR-205 expression with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of RCC, and to explore the mechanism of miR-205. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Carcinoma tissue and adjacent normal tissue were collected from 60 patients with RCC, and the expression of miR-205 was determined by semi-quantitative PCR, followed by correlation analysis of miR-205 with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Subsequently, the human RCC line, ACHN, was transfected with miR-205, and the effect of miR-205 overexpression on the growth of RCC was examined by MTT assay. Moreover, the effect of miR-205 on the migration of colon cancer cells was studied by transwell assay. Additionally, immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to investigate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal cancer tissue. RESULTS: The expression of miR-205 was downregulated in RCC tissue compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissue (p < 0.01). The expression of miR-205 was closely related to the infiltration and recurrence of tumors (p < 0.01), but was not correlated with a pathological grade or clinical stage (p > 0.05). We also found that overexpression of miR-205 in RCC significantly inhibited the growth of cancer cells (p < 0.01) and significantly reduced the migration ability (p < 0.01). The epithelial-mesenchymal transition occurs in RCC, and miR-205 might inhibit cell proliferation and migration by blocking the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of miR-205 is low in RCC, and may play an important role throughout the progression of RCC. Further study of miR-205 may promote the development of a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of RCC.

Down-regulation of miR-329-3p is associated with worse prognosis in patients with cervical cancer.

OBJECTIVE: miR-329-3p has been reported to serve as a tumor suppressor in the progression of cervical cancer (CC). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of miR-329-3p in human CC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect miR-329-3p expression in CC tissue samples and matched normal cervical tissues. The x2 test was used to analyze the association between miR-329-3p expression and clinical features of CC patients. Moreover, we evaluated the prognostic value of miR-329-3p by Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression model. RESULTS: We found that the mean expression level of miR-329-3p in CC tissues was significantly lower than the mean level in the adjacent normal tissues samples (p < 0.01). MiR-329-3p level was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.013), FIGO stage (p = 0.024) and distant metastasis (p = 0.001). Furthermore, a significant difference was found, that CC patients with low miR-329-3p expression level had distinctly shorter overall survival than patients with high miR-329-3p expression level (p = 0.001). Finally, multivariate analyses indicated that miR-329-3p represented an independent predictor for overall survival of CC (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated, for the first time, that down-regulation of miR-329-3p was associated with poor prognosis in CC patients. MiR-329-3p can be used as an independent factor to predict survival of patients with CC.